8. Product Range
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DELTA-FC®
Foam Control Additives
DELTA-SC®
Surface Control Additives
DELTA-DC®
Dispersion Control Additives
MORDRY®
Driers
DELTA-S®
Specialty Additives
9. Wetting & Dispersing Agents: Need
Dispersing is the mechanical dispersion of solid/pigments
in a liquid(resin) to achieve stable colored systems .By
dispersing process the agglomerates must break down to
primary particles and it help to prevent reflocculation of
the system
10. Wetting & Dispersing Agents:
Advantage
To improves color strength and transparency of film
To improve gloss and leveling
To improve color development and opacity
To reduce the grinding time
To improve the rheology of the coatings
To improve stability of coatings
To arrest floating/flooding
11. Wetting and Dispersing difference
Wetting and dispersing is a general term for coating industry
and should not be separated during discussion of solvent
borne systems
• The wetting Process characterized as the removal or
displacement of air/moisture from pigments/fillers
followed by encapsulation of surface with continuous
systems
• The dispersing is the mechanical grinding /separation to
smaller particles to stablise in resin systems and to
prevent them from reflocculation
13. Types of Dispersion Control Additives
Deflocculation
Controlled flocculation
14. Deflocculation
Offers a low viscosity dispersion
Good gloss and color strength
Prevents flooding and floatation
Risk of settling and sagging
Suitable for Topcoats
DELTA-DC® 3046, 3047, 3009, 3011, 3013,
4044, 4207, 4296, 4010M, 4242, 4007,
3590, 3591 and 3401
15. Controlled Flocculation
No sharp viscosity decrease compared to
deflocculation mechanism
Gives a special rheological behavior (usually
thixotropic)
Excellent anti-settling and anti-sagging
property
Prevent the risk of flooding and floatation
Suitable for highly filled systems as primers
DELTA-DC® 4001, 4054, 4065, 4066 and 4071
17. Typical problem with poor stabilization
In the liquid paints
Settling/sedimentation of
fillers, pigments,
mattening agents
Viscosity Instability during
storage
Foam stabilization
In the cured films
Gloss reduction
Haze
Less Transparency
Change in color
Uneven orientation
18. Dispersant level and its effects
Too little agents
Only partial coverage
Limited performance
I. Correct dosages
II. Minimum viscosity
III. Maximum stability
Too much additives
Layer collapse
Cissing
19. Suitability by resin polarity
19
Recommendation: DELTA dispersants
Polarity
DC 4207
DC 4044
DC 4054/4007
DC 4010 M
DC 4065/DC 4066
DC 4001
DC 4002
DC 3047
DC 3009/DC 3011/DC 3046
DC 4211
DC 4242
20. Solution for Antifloating/Anti flooding
It is well known that in case of co grinding multiple
pigments ,which are different in particle size ,density
,and degree of flocculation are liable to form trouble such
as gloss heterogeneous, flooding and floating during
coating process
Anti flooding/Antifloating agents is usually recommended
to avoid that
It may be a dispersing agents or surface control agents or
used in combination
21. Flooding and Floating
Flooding----Horizontal separation
Flooding defect where the color separation happen
horizontally
Floating……Vertical separation
Floating defect where color separated on the surface of the
paint, vertically
22. Selection of Additives for
Antiflooding/Antifloating
Flooding
Eliminating by stablising dispersion function of dispersing
agents
Floating
Eliminated by preventing Benard cell formation with surface
control additives
Settling
Eliminated by preventing settling with antisettling additives
23. DELTA DC 3047
Properties
Composition: Polyurethane
Appearance: slightly yellow liquid
Solids Content : 35 %
Features
Excellent for FW 200 carbon black and tough organic
pigments
To prevent reflocculation of pigments
To improve color development ,hiding power ,gloss and
leveling and DOI
24. DELTA -DC® 4211 New Generation
Dispersion Control Additives
It is an acidic polyether-based dispersion control (
anionic) developed for high filled systems. It is suited for
high filled unsaturated polyester systems, SMC, BMC,
carputties, gelcoats or combination of polystyrene,
polyvinylacetate, and styrene-butadiene copolymers( LS-
or LP formulations)
25. Typical technical Data /DELTA -DC® 4211
Composition
Appearance
Specific Gravity @ 20°C
Flashpoint
Acid value
Active ingredients
:Acidic Polyether
:Cloudy brownish liquid
:ca. 1.14 g/cm3
: 24°C
:170-190 mg KOH/g
: 90-100%
26. Foam Control Additives
A foam control additive is a surface-active agent that destroys
foam after it has been formed or prevents/retards the foam
formation.
For a good efficiency, Foam control agent must meet the
following conditions:
• Almost insoluble in the medium
• Entering in the foam lamella
• Spreading on the surface
For:
Water Based Foam Control
Solvent based/solvent free systems
27. Requirements of an effective Defoamer
Lower surface tensions than other ingredients
Partial incompatibility
Highly efficient to enter foam lamella
Inert
Easily mix
28. Factors affecting foam formation
Poor wetting of substrates
High Viscosity
High Shear rate during processing/application
High water content of raw materials
High content or presence of surfactant
High Humidity
29. Mode of Action of Defoamer
These are low surface tension liquids ,must demonstrate the
following properties
1. Insoluble in the medium to be defoamed
2. Positive entering coefficient
3. Positive spreading coefficient
4. Accelerate the migration of bubbles to surface
30. Selection Criteria for Defoamer
Antifoaming Efficiency
Defoaming Efficiency
Partial compatibility with system
Appearance of film
Recoatability
Stability
31. Popular Defoamers : water base systems
FC 1501
FC 1503
FC 1531
FC 1522M
FC 1552
FC 1525
FC 1590
32. Popular Defoamers : Solvent /free
systems
FC 1020
FC 1022
FC 1040
FC 1041
FC 1720
FC 1722
33. Orange peel Fish eyes Craters Pinholes Benard cells
Surface control agents SCA
Surface-related problems:
• Very often, surface-related defects are directly linked
to the surface tension.
• Defects of wet and consequent dry coating films,
affecting coating appearance and sometimes
performance
33
34. Influence and factors on leveling
Evaporation rate and solubility of solvents
Leveling of primer
Contamination during application
Quality of raw materials and surfactant
35. Mechanism of leveling Additives
To improve the flow of coating like plasticizer
To reduce and stabilize surface tensions
To prevent formation of Benard Cell formations
Leveling Additives migrates to surface due to its
incompatibility
36. Surface Control Additives: flow, leveling
and surface properties
Types of Surface Control Additives
Silicone based: SC 2030,SC 2033,SC 2031,SC 2211,SC
2236,SC 2239
Acrylate based: SC 2777,SC 2772,SP 10930,SP 10957
37. SC 2777 Star Leveling Additive
Properties
Composition: Polyacylate
flouro modified
Appearance: Colorless
NVM: 70 % solids
Carrier: Xylene
Specific Gravity: 0.98
Features
To eliminate surface defects,
craters, pinholes, fish eyes
Compatible with most
binders
To be light stable, hydrolysis
resistant and does not
migrate from film
Improve leveling and flow of
coating and can be used in
high temperature system
Provide long wave leveling
38. SC 2033 Leveling Agent
Typical Properties
Composition: Polyether modified siloxanes
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Solid Content : 15 %
Carrier : Butyl Acetate
Specific gravity: 0.91
Features
Highly effective substrate wetting and good anticratering
Effective against cissing
To reduce coefficient of friction ,improve scratch
resistance ,mar resistance and good recoat ability
39. Settling of pigments and fillers
The density difference between the binder and the
pigments ,or the binder and the fillers
Particle size distribution, Particle size, surface charge,
shape and cohesion of the pigment and fillers
Viscosity and Thixotropic of binder
Affinity of the binder and the pigments ,or the binder and
the filler
Degree of dispersion and types of controlled flocculating
Additives used
41. DELTA DC 4001 Antisettling Agent
Typical Properties
Composition :Salt of
unsaturated fatty acids
Solvents:
Isobutanol/water
Amine Value: 48
Acid Value: 37
Active Ingredients: 30 %
Application
Prevent interfacial
Tensions between
fillers/pigments and
binders
Creates thixotropy and
therefore prevent
settling/saggings
Preferably used in
primers/undercoat
42. DELTA-S® 5225
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DELTA-S® 5225 is a multifunctional additive that can be
used as:
• Color acceptance improver
• Sole dispersion control additive for the
manufacturing of universal colorants
• To formulate environmentally friendly
colorants with no APEO raw materials and
lowered or no VOC content
43. • MORDRY® 410& MORDRY® 420& MORDRY® 430
Highly efficient replacement for cobalt drier in urethane-
modified alkyds and alkyds
• DELTA-S® 5700
Anti-gel agent and viscosity stabilizer for air drying and
stoving coating systems
• DELTA-S® 95/97
pH Buffer
• DELTA-S® 5800
Antigelling and viscosity stabilizer for WB formulations
• DELTA-S® 5750
Coalescing agent for water based formulations
Specialty Additives
45. DELTA specialties
Al-Moustafa For Industries & Designs
Swiss Compound
4th Industrial Zone
6th of October City
A. Republic of Egypt
Tel.: +202 330 381 15
Fax: +202 330 311 81
E-mail: info@deltaspwll.com
Web: www.deltaspwll.com