Ocean Energy

2. Introduction
 The ocean cover 70% of the earth surface means ocean is
the world largest solar energy collector & energy stored
system.
 So, it possible to generate electricity from the oceanic
thermal energy?

3. (Ocean thermal energy conversion)
 Jacques Arsene d’Arsonval (1881)
 Energy convert –ocean solar radiation to electric power
 Renewable energy(clean & green power)
 Hydro energy thermal conversion system
 Use temp. differences
What is OTEC..???

4. How does it work..???
 Fuel of OTEC..
 25-4 degree c (20 degree c differences)
 Used to drive steam cycle that turn to turbine
 Part of OTEC
 Require large volume
 Ex-100MW
20,000,000 gallon water
 Pump use 30% electricity

5. Type of OTEC-
1) Closed Cycle OTEC
2) Open Cycle OTEC
3) Hybrid Cycle OTEC

6. 1) Closed Cycle OTEC
 Warm & cold water
 Ammonia as working
fluid
 Generate electricity not
fresh water

7. 2) Open Cycle OTEC
 Seawater is working fluid
 Vacuum
 0.3 psia –22 degree c
(boiling point of water)
 Boiling water drive to turbine
 Give Production of electricity
& fresh water

9. Close Cycle Open Cycle

10.  Combination of
Closed & Open
Cycle
3) Hybrid Cycle OTEC

11. Platforms of OTEC
1) Land Based Power plant

12. 2) Sea Based Power plant(Floating plant)

13. Potential of OTEC
 98 nations have been identified OTEC potential zone
 More potential for tropical countries(20-25 degree c)

14. Infrastructure & Cost
 Size-100MW…10mt pipe diameter
 Length required >1000 mt
 Big construction of plant
 Required skill & experiment
10MW(Landbased) coast-
40,000,000
10MW profit per/yr-10,000,000
100MW coast-215,000,000
profit-100,000,000
(Source-www.oteci.com/http://nelha.hawaii.gov/)

15. OTEC Products (Outputs)
 1) Electricity
 2) Fresh water
 3) SWAC
 4) Mari culture

16. 1) Electricity
 Able to provide continuously electricity
 Energy losses 20%-30%
 100MW -33,000,000 cubic mt per yr
2) Fresh water

17. 3) Mari-culture (fish production)
 SWAC require 1 cold pipe to reduce temp.
 Resort, Hotels, Hospitals, malls….
 Reduce electricity uses
80%-90% (AC)
 Concentration of minerals, nutrients
 Artificial pond
 Very large profit
4) SWAC (Sea Water Air condition)

20. OTEC Plant in World
Installed-
 Hawaii 1 MW -OTEC International and NELHA
 Japan/Nauru 120 kW- Japan Institute for Ocean Energy Research
 South Korea 20 kW- Installed in 2013. KISOT
 Japan/Okinawa 50 kW- XenesysIncorporated, IHI,and Yokogawa
Developing Stage-
 Hawaii 10 MW- Lockheed Martin Naval Facility Engineering Command
 Southern China 10 MW- Lockheed Martin, Reign wood Group
(India-Tuticorin 1 MW -Ammonia-based closed cycle, started in 2000, but not
completed due to problems with the pipes for pumping the seawater;floating
plant.(IIT))

21. Advantages
 Use clean, renewable, natural resource
 “0” Carbon emission (sometime little)
 Produce electricity as well as fresh water
 Reduce dependency on fossil fuel (1.3million barrel p/ye)
 Produce 120,000,000 litter fresh water p/day(100MW)
 Mariculture -70 tons of shellfish meat grow each
day(100MW)
(Johnson 2013)

22. Disadvantages/Limitations
 OTEC produced electricity at present some time cost more
than electricity
 OTEC plant not working further 40 degree latitude
 The pipe used in OTEC nearly up to 10 mt diameter, there is
animal are sucked into the OTEC system.
 Risk of the leakage of Ammonia
 Cold water discharge on surface water it dangerous for
marine life ex- Coral reefs
 OTEC –Experimental Stage

23. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology solution
that directly addresses the key concerns of energy security, global
warming, pollution and depletion of nonrenewable fossil resources.
OTEC provides a clean, reliable energy solution for many areas of the
world.

24. Thank You

25. References:-
 http://www.oteci.com
 http://www.britannica.com/technology/ocean-
thermal-energy-conversion
 https://www.bing.com/images
 http://nelha.hawaii.gov