Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of organic substances by heating the word is originally from the Greek-word elements pyro means "fire" and lysis means "decomposition". Pyrolysis is usually the first chemical reaction that occurs in the burning of many solid organic fuels, cloth, like wood, and paper, and also of some kinds of plastic. Anhydrous Pyrolysis process can also be used to produce liquid fuel similar to diesel from plastic waste. Pyrolysis technology is thermal degradation process in the absence of oxygen.Plastic waste is treated in a cylindrical reactor at temperature of 300°C - 350°C. Now a day's plastics waste is very harmful to our nature also for human beings. Plastic is not easily decomposable its affect in fertilization, atmosphere, mainly effect on ozone layer so it is necessary to recycle these waste plastic into useful things. So we recycle this waste plastic into a useful fuel.

2. INTRODUCTION OF PYROLYSIS
Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of organic substances
by heating the word is originally from the Greek-word
elements pyro means "fire" and lysis means "decomposition".
Pyrolysis is usually the first chemical reaction that occurs in the
burning of many solid organic fuels, cloth, like wood, and
paper, and also of some kinds of plastic. Anhydrous Pyrolysis
process can also be used to produce liquid fuel similar to
diesel from plastic waste. Pyrolysis technology is thermal
degradation process in the absence of oxygen.

3. Plastic waste is treated in a cylindrical reactor at
temperature of 300°C - 350°C. Now a day's
plastics waste is very harmful to our nature also
for human beings. Plastic is not easily
decomposable its affect in fertilization,
atmosphere, mainly effect on ozone layer so it is
necessary to recycle these waste plastic into
useful things. So we recycle this waste plastic
into a useful fuel.

7. POWER GENERATION USING PYROLYSIS LIQUID
Power production from biomass derived pyrolysis liquids has been
under development for the past few years. If technically successful, it
would make decent bio-energy production possible.
Several technologies and system components have been developed
by academia, R&D organizations, and industrial companies in many
countries.
 Power plant technologies addressed are diesel engines, gas turbines,
and natural gas/steam power plants.

8. Main results are reviewed and R&D needs identified for
each technology
The analysis shows that even for the most promising
solutions long-term demonstration has not yet been
achieved.
 (i).Pyrolysis liquid use in gas turbine plants and in co-firing mode in large
power stations are technically most advanced. Recent work with diesel
also appears quite promising.
(ii).The waste to energy technology is investigated to process the
potential materials in waste which are plastic, biomass and rubber tire to
be oil.

9.  Pyrolysis process becomes an option of waste-to-energy technology to
deliver bio-fuel to replace fossil fuel.
 Waste plastic and waste tire are investigated in this research as they are
the available technology.
 The advantage of the pyrolysis process is its ability to handle un-sort
and dirty plastic. The pre-treatment of the material is easy.
Tire is needed to be shredded while plastic is needed to be sorted and
dried. Pyrolysis is also no toxic or environmental harmful emission
unlike incineration.
PYROLYSIS WASTE PLASTIC

10. Plastic Pyrolysis Process
 Pyrolysis is an advanced technology used in disposing waste plastics.
Adopting such a technology, our waste plastic pyrolysis plant can convert
waste plastics into oil and carbon black, which are both in high demand in
the market. Usually, the plastic pyrolysis process can be described as follow:
 (i).Pretreatment
 (ii).Shredder
 (iii).Condensation
 (iv).Refining.

11. CONVERSION OF PLASTICS TO FUEL:-

15. CATALYTIC CRACKER
 Catalytic cracking is the breaking of large hydrocarbon
molecules into smaller and more useful bits. o The cracker
must be designed in such a way that the vapour from the
reactor must have maximum surface contact with the
catalyst.
 The catalyst will act as a molecular sieve which permits the
passage of small molecules.
 The hydrocarbon molecules are broken up in a fairly
random way to produce mixtures of smaller hydrocarbons,
some of which have carbon-carbon double bonds.

16. CONDENSER
 CONDENSER is the part of machine which condenses the
vapours coming out from the catalytic cracker. The
condenser must condense the very hot vapors in an
efficient manner to give the condensate.
 Clogging in the condenser must be this can be achieved
by increasing the diameter of the pipe.
 In this machine, we are using a spiral condenser to
increase the efficiency of condensation prevented.

17. NITROGEN CYLINDER
 NITROGEN Cylinder is attached to the reactor.
 Used to provide inert atmosphere in the reactor
by pumping nitrogen from nitrogen cylinder.
 Purpose: plastic feed should not burn instead it
should melt at high temperature inside the
reactor.

18. HYDROGEN CRACKING
 Hydrogen cracking also known as cold cracking or
delayed cracking.
 When these hydrogen atoms re-combine in minuscule
voids of the metal matrix to form hydrogen molecules.
 They create pressure from inside the cavity they are in.

19. CO2 emissions by fuel
Coal generates the most CO2
emissions of any fossil fuel and yet
remains the world's dominant
energy source.

20. Main sources of carbon dioxide
emissions :-
87 percent of all human-produced carbon dioxide emissions come from the
burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil.
The largest human source of carbon dioxide emissions is from the
combustion of fossil fuels.
The three types of fossil fuels that are used the most are coal, natural gas
and oil.

21. ADVANTAGES
 Problem of disposal of waste plastic is solved.
 Waste plastic is converted into high value fuels.Environmental pollution
is controlled.
 Industrial and automobile fuel requirement shall be fulfilled to some
extent at lower price.
 No pollutants are created during cracking of plastics.
 The crude oil and the gas can be used for generation of electricity

22. PRINCIPAL OF PYROLYSIS
 All plastics are polymers mostly containing carbon and hydrogen
and few other elements like chlorine, nitrogen, etc.
When this long chain of polymers breaks at certain points, or
when lower molecular weight fractions are formed, this is termed
as degradation of polymers.
This is reverse of polymerization or de-polymerization.
If such breaking of long polymeric chain or scission of bonds
occurs randomly, it is called Random depolymerization.

23. PRINCIPLE
Here the polymer degrades to lower molecular fragments.
 In the process of conversion of waste plastics into fuels,
random depolymerization is carried out in a specially
designed reactor in the absence of oxygen and in the
presence of coal and certain catalytic additives.
The maximum reaction temperature is 350 °C.There is total
conversion of waste plastics into value-added fuel products.

24. FUTURE SCOPE OF PYROLYSIS
 Waste plastics can be converted to fuels. It is a research based project and a lot of studies is
yet to be conducted.
 The design of the apparatus can be modified to meet the demands of the product.
 TThe cooling water can be circulated by means of a pump so that the flow rate could be altered
depending on the rate of cooling required.
 The fuel obtained is a crude one.
 Further refinement is necessary to improve the properties of the fuel.
 Long term impacts of the fuel.
 The non- condensing gases could be collected and can be tested for any practical usage.he catalyst
used in the pyrolysis process can be used along with the plastics instead of having it as a
separate unit.

25. > A mix of plastics could be used in the process.
> The cooling water can be circulated by means of a pump so that the flow
rate could be altered depending on the rate of cooling required.
 The fuel obtained is a crude one.
 Further refinement is necessary to improve the properties of the fuel. Long
term impacts of the fuel.
 The non- condensing gases could be collected and can be tested for any
practical usage.

26. CONCLUSION

27. THANKS YOU
SIR