Strategy & Policies to Reduce Food Loss through improved logistics and distribution systems

1. राष्ट्रीय कोल्ड-चेन विकास केंद्र
Ministry of
Agriculture
INDIA

2. Pawanexh Kohli
When harvested produce escapes its end use !
How does our food escape ?
• By perishing before it can reach gainful use !
• Because markets are too inaccessible !
Why are markets inaccessible ?
• Because food is perishable and needs post-harvest care !
• Because Post-harvest care is not market linked !
• Because such Care requires working tools !
• Because such Tools require skills to use !
• Because some stakeholders do not care !
16-06-2015
“Food Loss”
Post-Harvest

3. Pawanexh Kohli
Market connectivity in form of associated logistics chain to be
integrated into the agenda of enhancing agricultural productivity.
Production from farms needs to reach consumption centres, so as
to achieve “gainful-end-use”, to minimise loss & resource wastage.
The World needs to move from traditional farm-
level productivity to a measure of
“gainful-productivity”.
“All Food must be handled with one end-use in aim – for Consumption”
Redefine productivity to include market access and market reach.
Supply chain a prime objective – expand reach, open markets
16-06-2015

4. Pawanexh Kohli
HOW
Maximise the reach of
produce to markets
Use technology to aid
supply chain intervention
Optimise would-be-
waste from perishables
WHY WHY
Improve value realisation
for farmer producers
Optimise resource
utilisation of nations
Stabilise Prices for
producers & consumers
OBJECTIVE
Reduce Loss incurred on perishable produce
16-06-2015

5. Pawanexh Kohli
Export
Gateway
Post Harvest supply lines
Food
Processing
Preserves
Juices
Mixes
Jams
Jellies
IQF
5 ton / day
Non-Food
Compost
Farm Feed
Bio-gas
Dyes
<1 ton / day
25 ton / day
Existing
Multilayered chain
Local Consumers / Mandi
Cold Storage - Market access
15 ton / day Ready to retail produce - cold-chain
Reefer
Retail
Distant Consumer
Ripening Unit
Harvest Cachement
50 ton / day harvest
Cold-chain
Pack House
Each end point brings gainful end-use
16-06-2015

6. Pawanexh Kohli
Occurs at each change in physical custody, due
• Low access to scientific handling
• Incorrect adaption of technology
• Lack of adequate connectivity
• Lack of monitoring and processes
• Little consideration, low awareness
• Energy and environment impact
• Varied producing & consumer backdrops
Integrate the vision, across the entire chain
FPOs
Pre-
conditioning
Package for
Transport
Buffer for
distribution
Gainful
end-
use
Incentivise
environ-
friendly
practices
Assist
creation of
enabling
tools
Mission
mode
Focus on
connectivity
Open up markets
National Level
Institutes for
monitoring action
on FLW
16-06-2015

7. Pawanexh Kohli
Collaborate with
Source or Producer.
Modify practices to
take advantage of
technology!
Keep it in motion –
dynamic supply chain!
From FIFO/LIFO to
FEFO (First Expire, First Out)!
Organisation means: collaboration,
resource building, good practices, and
promotes transparency in value chains.
• Reefers
• Multi-modal
distribution
• Outlets
• Vendor
extension
• Pack-house
• Warehouse
• Cold stores
• Farmer
• Aggregator
• Processor
Inventory Producers
Transport Market
Supply Chain
Stakeholders

8. Pawanexh Kohli
• Resusable, sustainable, breathable, saleable Packaging
• Grading, Precooling, coating, HACCP Conditioning
• Cooling, vibration, insulation, tracking Transport
• Insulation, air change, energy saving, HACCP Storage
• TMS, JIT, Replenishment, Shelf presence Distribution
• Traceability, tracking, shelf life, HACCP Monitoring
• Smart picking, consumer demand, quality FEFO
• Life, Humidity, disease, EOP, tainting Atmosphere
• Aging, damage salability, packaging Vibration
• Shelf presence, shrinkage, Aging, speed Trade Processes
Product Life Cycle
Loss Mitigation

9. Pawanexh Kohli
Government as
‘Catalyst’
Encourages
Investments
Agri/Foods
identified as
priority
sector
Encourages
holistic
development
NCCD as
think tank
Liberalise
Market
Norms
Focus on
development
Market links
Rationalises
Tax Laws
Move to
uniform
VAT/GST
Credits
Grants &
Subsidies
PPP, Grants,
Negotiable
Warehouse
Receipts
Liberalising
FDI Inflow
100% FDI in
food sector
Increasing focus to create enabling infrastructure by govt. Support rationalised and includes
all relevant components - modern pack-houses, transport units, storage units, ripening units,
merchandising units, new and modernisation. NCCD plays pivotal role to correlate industry
expectations and policies.
16-06-2015

10. Pawanexh Kohli
Duty
100% excise exempt for specified
equipment for storage or
transport
Basic customs duty Exempt for
manufacture of refrigerated trucks
Concessional 5% duty for
installing or expansion of a cold
storage, processing, etc.
Service Tax
Installing, Commissioning of
Mechanized Handling Systems
Preconditioning, storage and
transporting agriculture produce.
Technical Testing; Analysis,
Inspection and Certification
Service.
Capital
ECB & FDI: 100% FDI through
automatic route; ECB route open.
Investment linked Tax deduction:
150% of capital investment
deductible
Government subsidy 35% to 75%
on infrastructure investment.
Capacity Building and Operational Training
System Standards that promote Innovation
Public participation for feedback & correction
Promoting Operational and Energy use efficiency
Exemptions
16-06-2015

11. Pawanexh Kohli
Think tank to Govt on the subject of cold-chain and
agribusiness. Engage with its members to translate
industry needs into policy recommendation.
Manned by technocrats (industry leaders) and
functions through member stakeholder consultation.
Provides an enabling environment and facilitates
private investment in cold-chain sector.
Assist in developing and promoting future ready,
energy efficient technologies and its adaption.
Capacity building and training activities to reduce the
gap in skilled human resources.
Awareness programs on best practices for perishable
product handling, indigenised for specific
requirements and conditions.
Revise policies, approve new technologies,
efficiencies when developed/understood.
Research and Monitor impact of policies and
recommend any changes, if needed.
Groups (Self Help Associations)
• Farmer Groups, Consumer Groups,
Cooperatives, students
Resource (Academic Institutes)
• Research, Academic &Training centres
Associates (Individuals)
• Individual associate members
Bodies (Industry or Government)
• Industry Chambers, PSU, Apex Bodies
Company (Commercial)
• Food sector, equipment sector, Investors,
Consultants, Logistics, etc.
Fellow (Individuals)
• Senior Individuals as Fellows of NCCD
Stakeholder Members:
Design assistance patterns, Operators Trainings,
Institutional Workshops and Conclaves, Field
Studies, Appraisals, Redressals, Policy guidance.
16-06-2015

12. Pawanexh Kohli
106
210
358
125
82
128
273
41
70
111
14 12 5
24
North America,
Oceania (NAO)
Europe, incl Russian
Fed (EUR)
Japan, S.Korea,
China (INA)
LaOn America
(LAM)
North Africa, west
& central Asia
(NAWCA)
Sub-Saharan Africa
(AFR)
South & south
eastern Asia (SSEA)
Total Annual Food Loss & Waste (FLW)
Physical Food Loss & Waste in '000,000 tons
Total FLW (mill tons)
Waste by Consumer (mill tons)
HLPE-8, 2014
16-06-2015
19%
18%
15%
15%
14%
11%
8%
Per capita share of total FLW (by region)
North America, Oceania (NAO)
Europe, incl Russian Fed (EUR)
Japan, S.Korea, China (INA)
Latin America (LAM)
North Africa, west & central Asia (NAWCA)
Sub-Saharan Africa (AFR)
South & south eastern Asia (SSEA)
296
281
236
223
216
167
126
115
94
73
25
33
7
11
North America,
Oceania (NAO)
Europe, incl
Russian Fed (EUR)
Japan, S.Korea,
China (INA)
Latin America
(LAM)
North Africa, west
& central Asia
(NAWCA)
Sub-Saharan Africa
(AFR)
South & south
eastern Asia (SSEA)
Food Loss & Waste (Kg/capita/annum)
Wasted by consumer Total Food Loss & Waste
HLPE-8,
2014

13. Pawanexh Kohli
Common
Glossary;
harmonise the
concept
Science for
delivery; focus
on gainful-
end-use
Move from
food in banks
to food on
shelves
National Level
Institutions to
pool resources
on FLW
16-06-2015

14. राष्ट्रीय कोल्ड-चेन विकास केंद्र
www.NCCD.gov.in
Contact-NCCD@gov.in
www.Facebook.com/NCCD.India
Autonomous Body to aid development of cold chain

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