This document provides instructions for developing an object template. It includes general information, estimated completion time, developer name, and version number. The content covers following instructions through a 5 step process: 1) understanding the problem, 2) designing a plan, 3) translating the plan, 4) debugging the problem, and 5) getting the solution. Examples are provided to illustrate logical sequence and order, including days of the week, months, numbers, and completing tasks step-by-step like making a sandwich. Reinforcement activities like crossword puzzles are included to practice vocabulary.

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Información General
Programa Virtualization.
Tema Logic/Algorithm
Duración estimada de
estudio (horas)
20
Desarrollador de contenido Alba Nury Cardona Yepes
Fecha de entrega April 15
Versión
DO YOU FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS?
CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Following instructions.
2.1 What is an instruction?
2.2 Is it important to have a plan?
2.3 How to make questions.
2.4 What goes first Sunday or Friday?
2.5 Numbers, Days, Seasons and Months of the Year.
3. Concept Map
4. Reinforcement activities.
5. Bibliography.
6. Glossary.

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DO YOU FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS?
1. INTRODUCTION
To understand the logic´s concepts, it is necessary to learn how to read and
write good instructions.
When you get up every day, you unconsciously follow a series of steps without
thinking too much on them; for example:
First, You go to the bath and take a shower,
Next, you look for drinking something
Then, You get dressed for work,
After that, you have breakfast
Then, you brush your teeth and leave home
Finally, you get to work or study.

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When you are not clear enough with your instructions, others will not be able to
understand and follow the instructions either. Therefore, like in daily activities,
every step has a process that requires a logical order. The resolution of
algorithms should be done with coherence in order to be as clearest as
possible, to get the exact and correct result too.
For example, you first take the shower before getting dressed; you have
breakfast, lunch or dinner before brushing your teeth, not the opposite process.
This activity will be of help to identify and comprehend the logical order or
sequence of any process in your life.
2. Following Instructions.
The Logic is in relationship with developed thought. It is divided into simple and
complex matters. The simple ones are the elementary ways of thinking like the
concept, judgment and reasoning, and no matter how big the thought, or its
complexity; it should be reduced to one of these branches. The simple logic
starts with elementary concepts and daily routines. Therefore, the next
explanations will be of help for you to understand better the logic and
algorithms concepts and apply them to common and typical situations.
Example:
Develop the following instructions:
1. Draw a 2 x 4 inches rectangule.
2. Draw three circles in it from top to down.
3. Color the top circle in red.
4. Color the down circle in green.
5. Draw a line from the bottom to down.
6. Color the center circle in yellow.

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What is the name of that drawing? Result: Traffic Light.
Imagine that the instructions of that item were confused; can you imagine what
can it happen in a city?
2.1 What is an Instruction?
In Computing: a direction in a computer program defining and effecting an
operation.
To develop a solving problem solution, you must understand and comprehend
all the details implicit and explicit in it. This is why, to establish a plan
(algorithm) is compulsory to get the best option to solve it.
Only when you are able to decode all the linguistic implications, you will find the
ways to get the best answer for that problem. Starting from the basic details to
the general idea; this is the easiest way to find the answers key.
2.2 Is it important to have a plan?
Yes, it is. To analyze the problem and prepare a plan you need to learn the use
of different WH-questions to manage the information and time to solve it
efficiently.

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There are two types of Questions: Yes-No Questions and Wh Questions,
both are important in order to clarify the details for making the plan.
The yes-no questions only accept two possibilities of answer: Yes or No. It is
the same when you are asked to answer True (T) or False (F) in a
questionnaire.
The WH questions are also called information questions, since they answer
to a specific word or words.
2.3 How to make the questions.
In order to know the problem you must understand the way to ask questions.
-WHAT:
1. We use what to ask for clarifications:
Jhon: What is the problem?
Mary: I don´t know.
2. We often add kind of to the question word what.
Jhon: What kind of problem is that?
Mary: It´s a difficult problem.
3. We can also add type of to the question word what.
Jhon: What type of problem is that?
Mary: It´s a simple problem.
4. We can add a noun or a noun phrase to what to make a question
-WHERE: The answer is a place.
Jhon: Where is the problem?
Mary: The problem is in the director´s office.
-WHEN: The answer should be a general time or a specific hour.
Jhon: When did he come?

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Mary: He came in the evening.
He came at 6.30.
-WHO: The answer should be one or more persons.
Jhon: Who was/were at the company today?
Mary: Jhon was at the company today.
The students were at the company today.
-WHY: The answer should be a justification.
Jhon: Why are you studying algorithms?
Mary: I am studying algorithms because I have to do a project.
-WHOSE: The answer is a subject.
Jhon: Whose course is it for?
Mary: It´s for Mr. Arias´course.
-HOW LONG: The answer is the activity´s last.
Jhon: How long will it take you to finish?
Mary: I can finish by midnight.
I may take me another day.
-HOW MANY: The answer is a countable noun.
Jhon: How many learners are there in your team?
Mary: There are five learners in my team.
-HOW MUCH: The answer is a uncountable noun.
Jhon: How much time do you have for the project?
Mary: I do not have too much time for it.
I do not have enough time.
-HOW OFTEN: The answer is an adverb of frequency.
Jhon: How often did the problem happen?
Mary: The problem almost always happened in the morning.

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-HOW FAR: The answer is a distance.
Jhon: How far is your house from here?
Mary: It is 10 minutes by walking.
-WHOM: The answer is a person or persons.
Jhon: Whom does your mother love?
Mary: My mother loves my father.
Jhon: Whom does your brother respect?
Mary: My brother respects my parents.
2.1 The sequence is important in a process.
To develop a récipe, or a duty that requires a process, it is necessary to follow
carefully the instructions if you want to get the exact product without making
mistakes, as well as the use of sequence adverbs or connecting words.
They are also useful in any type of narrative which requires a description of
sequence.
The following should be the sequence to analyze a problem.
There are 5 steps,
1. First…Understand the problem.
2. Then…to design the plan

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3. Next…translate the plan
4. After that…debug the problem
5. Finally…to get the solution
You can use the verb in the infinitive form. It is similar to when you give an
order.
Example:
Complete the sequence in logical order using the following sequence adverbs:
Finally, After that, First, Then, Next.
HOW TO MAKE A SANDWICH:
Cut the slices of tomato.
Spread butter into two slices
of bread.
Enjoy it.
Put the slice of bread on top.
Put the slices of tomato and
cheese
Add jam, lettuce and sausage.
Result:
First, Spread butter into two slices of
bread.
Cut the slices of tomato.
Next, cut the slices of potatoes. Spread butter into two slices of
bread.
After that, Put the slices of tomato and
cheese.
Enjoy it.
Next, Add jam, lettuce and sausage Put the slice of bread on top.
Then, Put the slice of bread on top Put the slices of tomato and
cheese
Finally, enjoy it. Add jam, lettuce and sausage.
As you can see there is an start, a development, and an ending. This develops
a logical sequence.

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2.2 What goes first Sunday or Friday?
Almost everyone likes Friday or considers Friday the best day of the week. Do
you prefer Fridays or Sundays? The answer almost always is Friday, because
it comes before Sundays and it is the day when many people can have fun and
go to bed late.
Practice the pronunciation of each word in order to be familiarized with it, since
you will be asked to develop oral activities in the future.
Numbers, Days, Seasons, Months of the Year.
ORDER MONTHS DAYS CARDINAL
NUMBERS
ORDINAL
NUMBERS
SEASONS
1. January Sunday One (1) First (1st) Winter
2. February Tuesday Two (2) Second (2nd) Spring
3. March Wednesday Three (3) Third (3rd) Summer
4. April Thrusday Four (4) Fourth (4th) Fall/Autumn
5. May Friday Five (5) Fifth (5th)
6. June Saturday Six (6) Sixth (6th)
7. July Sunday Seven (7) Seventh (7th)

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8. August Eight (8) Eighth (8th)
9. September Nine (9) Ninth(9th)
10. October Ten (10) Tenth (10th)
11. November Eleven (11) Eleventh
(11th)
12. December Twelve (12) Twelfth (12th)
13. Thirteen (13) Thirteenth
(13th)
14. Fourteen
(14)
Fourteenth
(14th)
15. Fifteen (15) Fifteenth
(15th)
16. Sixteen (16) Sixteenth
(16th)
17. Seventeen
(17)
Seventeenth
(17th)
18. Eighteen
(18)
Eighteenth
(18th)
19. Nineteen
(19)
Nineteenth
(19th)
20. Twenty (20) Twentieth
(20th)
21. Twenty-one
(21)
twenty-first
(21st)
22. Twenty-two
(22)
twenty-
second (22nd)
23. Twenty-
three (23)
twenty-third
(23rd)
24. Twenty-four
(24)
twenty-fourth
(24th)
25. Twenty-five
(25)
twenty-fifth
(25th)
26. Twenty-six
(26)
twenty-sixth
(26th)
27. Twenty-
seven (27)
twenty-
seventh (27th)
28. Twenty-eight
(28)
twenty-eighth
(28th)
29. Twenty-nine
(29)
twenty-ninth
(29th)
30. Thirty (30) Thirtieth

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(30th)
31. Thirty-one
(31)
Thirty-first
(31st)
32. Fourty (40) Fortieth
(40th)
33. Fifty (50) Fiftieth (50th)
34. Sixty (60) Sixtieth (60th)
35. Seventy (70) Seventieth
(70th)
36. Eithty (80) Eightieth
(80th)
37. Ninety (90) Ninetieth
(90th)
38. One
Hundred
(100)
one
hundredth
(100th)
39. One
Thousand
(1000)
one
thousandth
(1000th)
40. One Million
(1000000)
one millionth
(1000000th)
Example:
The Months of the Year, the Days of the Week, ordinal numbers and cardinal
numbers develop a sequence or a logical order.
1. What day goes first? Sunday or Friday?
Answer: Friday goes first.
2. What day is between Wednesday and Friday?
Answer: Thursday.
3. How do you continue the process?
Second, fourth, sixth, …
Answer: eighth, tenth, twelfth…
4. This is the Season when the flowers bloom.

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Answer: Spring.
3. Concept Map.
4. Reinforcement activity
If you want to practice a little more, go to the reinforcement activities proposed:
crossword puzzles: Months and Seasons and Days of the Week.
Reinforcement
Activity´s Name
Activity´
Description
Activity´s File
Crossword
puzzles:
-Months and
Seasons.
-Days of The
Week.
To improve
and practice
vocabulary and
logic answers
through the
development of
it.
Annexed (two pages)

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5. Bibliography
Free TOEFL practice tests. (http://www.duoc-
teachers.mundomas.com/index.php).
English Grammar on line: (http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-
up/vocabulary/numbers/ordinal).
English Grammar on line: (http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-
up/vocabulary/numbers/exercises?type=ordinal).
http://www.elcivics.com/esl-crossword-puzzles/crossword-puzzles.html
Aplicaciones para pc: (http://www.alot.com).
Free dictionary (http://www.dictionaryboss.com)
Free dictionary (http://www.pocket-oxford-english-
dictionary.softonic.com/pocketpc).
Disponible en la Biblioteca digital SENA (Solo está autorizado y disponible
desde la red del SENA)
(http://site.ebrary.com/lib/senavirtualsp/docDetail.action?docID=10498404&adv.
x=1&p00=java&f00=all&p01=%22Java+%28Computer+Program+Language%2
9%22&f01=glossary).
6. Glossary
According: De acuerdo con
Adverbs: Adverbios
After: Después
Bread: Pan
Check: Chequear
Each: Cada
Excess: Exceso
Fall/Autum: Otoño
Follow: Seguir
Next: Luego
Oil: Aceite
Read: Leer
Recipe: Receta
Required: Requerida
Sault: Sal
Season: Estación
Sequence: Secuencia

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Slice: Tajada, pedazo.
Spring: Primavera
Summer: Verano
Then: Entonces, luego
Understand: Entender
Winter: Invierno
Word: Palabra