Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank. Note. The uncertainty bands are based on the Riksbank's historical forecasting errors.

1. Monetary Policy Update December 2011

2. Figure 1. Repo rate with uncertainty bands Per cent, quarterly averages Source: The Riksbank Note. The uncertainty bands for the repo rate are based on the ability of risk-adjusted market rates to forecast the future repo rate. The uncertainty bands do not take into account the fact that there may be a lower bound for the repo rate.

3. Figure 2. GDP with uncertainty bands Annual percentage change, seasonally-adjusted data Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. The uncertainty bands are based on the Riksbank’s historical forecasting errors. There is also uncertainty for the outcomes for GDP, as the figures in the National Accounts are revised several years after the preliminary publication.

4. Figure 3. CPI with uncertainty bands Annual percentage change Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. The uncertainty bands are based on the Riksbank’s historical forecasting errors.

5. Figure 4. CPIF with uncertainty bands Annual percentage change Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. The uncertainty bands are based on the Riksbank’s historical forecasting errors. The CPIF is the CPI with a fixed mortgage rate.

6. Figure 5. Repo rate Per cent, quarterly averages Source: The Riksbank

7. Figure 6. Real repo rate Per cent, quarterly averages Source: The Riksbank Note. The real repo rate is calculated as an average of the Riksbank’s repo rate forecasts for the coming year minus the inflation forecast (CPIF) for the corresponding period.

8. Figure 7. GDP Quarterly changes in per cent calculated in annualised terms, seasonally-adjusted data Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank

9. Figure 8. Unemployment Percentage of the labour force, seasonally-adjusted data Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. Pre-1987 data have been spliced by the Riksbank. The forecast refers to age group 15-74.

10. Figure 9. Labour force and number of employed Thousands, seasonally-adjusted data Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. Pre-1993 data have been spliced by the Riksbank.

11. Figure 10. CPI Annual percentage change Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank

12. Figure 11. CPIF Annual percentage change Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. The CPIF is the CPI with a fixed mortgage rate.

13. Figure 12. GDP-gap and RU-indicator Per cent and standard deviation Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. GDP gap (HP) refers to the deviation from trend in GDP calculated with a Hodrick-Prescott filter. GDP gap (PF) refers to the deviation from trend in GDP calculated with a production function. The RU indicator is normalised so that the mean value is 0 and the standard deviation is 1.

14. Figure 13. TCW-weighted exchange rate Index, 18 November 1992 = 100 Source: The Riksbank Note. Outcome data are daily rates and forecasts are quarterly averages.

15. Figure 14. Hours gap Per cent Sources: Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank Note. The hours gap (HP) refers to the deviation from trend in the number of hours worked calculated with a Hodrick-Prescott filter. The hours gap refers to the deviation in the number of hours worked from the Riksbank’s assumed trend for the numbers of hours worked.

16. Figure 15. GDP in different regions and countries Quarterly changes in per cent, annual rate, seasonally-adjusted data Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis, Eurostat, Statistics Sweden and the Riksbank