Vice President for Programs Jeff Harris (jharris@ase.org) discussed energy efficiency measures in new and existing buildings, as well as cross-cutting techniques for achieving maximum advantages. Jeff’s work focuses on U.S. and international energy efficiency policies for buildings, appliances, and utilities, and market transformation through public sector leadership.

1. Infrastructure and Investment
Opportunities for
Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Visit with the Inter-American
Development Bank
Jeffrey Harris
Vice President - Programs

2. Overview
1) Why buildings?
2) New Buildings
3) Existing Buildings
4) Cross-Cutting Strategies

3. Commercial Building
Energy: Fastest Growth
Percent Change,
2010 to 2030

4. Elements of a Zero-Energy
Buildings Strategy
Research and Development – Create new technology
- RD&D Partnerships with Industry
Incentives & voluntary programs – Create buyer demand
- Tax incentives, rebates, loan guarantees, etc.
- Utility programs (DSM, Demand Response, REPS/EEPS)
Public Education – Build market share
- Consumer education and awareness campaigns
- Energy labels (equipment and buildings)
Standards – Set a floor & trigger innovation
- Appliance standards, building codes, vehicles
- Utility Energy Efficiency Resource Standards (EERS)
Public sector leadership – Reduce market risk
Workforce development – Capacity building

5. Setting a Long-term Goal:
“Net-Zero” Energy
Defining NZE:
A building that is designed, constructed, and
operated:
- To greatly reduce energy use (i.e. ~80%)
- …and meet remaining energy needs from
renewable sources
- Carbon-neutral
- Economically viable (net-zero cash flow)

6. Changing Policy Landscape
for NZE Buildings
Architecture2030, Cool Mayors, AIA “commitment”
ASHRAE Std 90.1, Std 189, Advanced Guides
NAHB Green Standard & ICC Green Code
California AB 32 & Strategic Plan
Federal goals for NZE
- Existing & new buildings
- Zero Energy Commercial Buildings Initiative
2007 EISA, 2008 tax credit extensions, 2009 ARRA
Next: ACES, ACELA, ECJAPA… – and EPA
regulation of GHGs (?)

7. Commercial Sector –
Where Are We Today?
“Net-Zero”
Source: R. Anderson, NREL

8. Driving Efficiency through
Building Energy Codes
Federal legislation pending
- 30% improvement in model energy codes by 2010
- 50% before 2020
2009 IECC Model Energy Code for Homes:
- ~13% efficiency improvement over 2006
- Remainder of 30%+ goal in 2012 code cycle
ASHRAE 2010 Goal (Commercial): 30% by 2010
Cumulative savings thru 2020: 4 quads (1015
Btu); ~230 million tons CO2

9. Multi-Level Alliance
Strategy for Energy Codes
1) Code Advancement
- EECC advocates for stronger Model Energy
Code
- BEECN pursues legislation for national code
targets and funding
2) Code Adoption
- BCAP & RECA pursue state by state action
3) Code Implementation (compliance)
- BCAP technical support for statewide
planning & implementation

10. Potential Savings from Codes
By 2030 our nation could save each year:
8% of total building energy use
$28 billion a year in consumer energy bills
CO2 emissions of 46 million autos

11. New Codes Paradigm:
1) “Dynamic” Codes
1) Make regular code
advancement the norm
(create market expectation
Energy Use
of continuous improvement)
2) Prepare market
for the next step:
Training
Incentives
Recognition
Years

12. New Codes Paradigm:
2) “Technology-Ready”
Current approach:
- We make decisions on a 30-50+ year asset
based on ~5 year economics (builder or first
owner)
- Codes represent the low end of the “Valley of
Economic Indifference”
New approach:
- Pay most attention to most permanent feature
- Where feasible, build in “technology-readiness”

13. Existing Buildings:
No Silver Bullets!
“Deep” retrofits vs “opportunistic upgrades”
Innovative financing (PACE, utility-bill
financing, neighborhood targeting, etc.)
Energy management as a process not an
event (Retro-Cx, operator training, etc.)
Feedback, benchmarking, energy rating &
disclosure

14. Building Energy Rating
and Disclosure
Goals:
- Make energy performance visible to the market
- Capitalize (securitize) future $ savings
Labeling approach:
- Technically valid – and perceived as valid
- Empirical – based on available data (or “default”)
- Practical – consider cost vs value of information
- Target key decisions (decision-makers) :
Asset rating (buy/sell/rent/finance)
Operational rating (manage, retrofit)
Main EE features (all)
- Universal (mandatory not voluntary)

15. Building Energy Performance:
Labels, Labels, Everywhere!

16. Federal Building Successes –
But a Steeper Path Ahead!
140
Actual site energy use
130
Actual Energy Use 10% Goal - 1995 (NECPA)
Site Energy, 1000 Btu/sq.ft.
120
110 20% Goal - 2000 (EPACT)
29.6% Reduction,
2005
100
30% Goal - 2005
90 35% Goal - 2010
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
FISCAL YEAR

17. Putting It All Together:
Zero Energy Commercial
Buildings Initiative
Authorized in EISA (12/07)
Net-zero commercial building goals
- 2030: New construction
- 2050: Entire stock
Broad government/industry consortium
Comprehensive approach (R&D deployment)
Coordinate (initiate) national and local actions
- Measure, benchmark, disclose energy performance
- R&D for critical technologies and systems
- Demo’s: scalable, replicable system solutions
- Transform market: Education/training, finance,
appraisal, incentives, codes, buyer demand-pull

18. Leveraging Financial
Resources
Construction Bid Range: 5-15%
“Waste” in Industry: 10-30%
Cost of “green”: 0-5%
Cost of ZEB: 0-20%
Retrofit
$200 Billion/year
Energy Costs
$150 Billion/year
Deployment National
Programs ZEB Program
$2 Billion/yr $200 Million/yr
New Construction
$200 Billion/year
18

19. Thinking “Outside the
[Building] Envelope…”
Locational efficiency
- Transit
- Mixed-use
Grid integration (“net-zero energy”
framework is incomplete)
- Smart grids
- Microgrids
Rediscover district heat/cooling
Managing potable water (“use cascading”)

20. THANK YOU –
Questions?
Jeffrey Harris
Vice President – Programs
JHarris@ase.org
202 530 2243
www.ase.org