The document describes new features in Active Directory for Windows Server 2008 R2, including PowerShell cmdlets for administration, the Active Directory Administrative Center, Best Practice Analyzer, the Recycle Bin, Managed Service Accounts, Offline Domain Join, Authentication Assurance, health monitoring and management packs. It provides details on each feature and how they improve on limitations of past implementations.

1. Active Directory Windows Server 2008 R2 Updates Amit Gatenyo Infrastructure & Security Manager, Dario Microsoft Regional Director – Windows Server & Security 054-2492499 Amit.g@dario.co.il

2. Session Objectives And Takeaways Describe Active Directory features in Windows Server 2008 R2 Discuss the importance of these features to our customers Demonstrate how some of these features will benefit our customers

3. Agenda What’s new in Active Directory for Windows Server 2008 R2? PowerShell Cmdlets Active Directory Administrative center Best Practice Analyzer Recycle Bin for AD Managed Service accounts Offline Domain Join Authentication Assurance Health Model and Management Packs Active Directory Tour demonstration Conclusion

4. Powershell for ADCommand line scripting for administrative, configuration and diagnostic tasks Past limitations 30+ command line tools for administering AD are not consistent in their usage Difficult to compose these tools to achieve complex tasks Feature takeaway 85+ AD cmdlets for comprehensive AD DS and AD LDS administration and configuration Communicates using Web Service protocols Can be used to manage Windows Server 2008 and 2003 domain controllers, using future AD Web Service download

5. Powershell Advantages Consistent vocabulary and syntax Predictable discovery Flexible output formatting Cmdlets can be easily composed (pipe) to build complex operations End-to-End manageability with Exchange, Group Policy, etc

6. PowerShell Provider Model Provides sessions, server context, security context and path context Enables best practices sharing across connections Combination of cmdlets & provider means familiar model for users Perform operations in AD that are similar to the file system or registry, such as rename, move, etc

7. Get-Command -CommandTypeCmdlet *-AD* Add-ADComputerServiceAccount Add-ADDomainControllerPasswordReplicationPolicy Add-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicySubject Add-ADGroupMember Add-ADPrincipalGroupMembership Clear-ADAccountExpiration Disable-ADAccount Disable-ADOptionalFeature Enable-ADAccount Enable-ADOptionalFeature Get-ADAccountAuthorizationGroup Get-ADAccountResultantPasswordReplicationPolicy Get-ADComputer Get-ADComputerServiceAccount Get-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy Get-ADDomain Get-ADDomainController Get-ADDomainControllerPasswordReplicationPolicy Get-ADDomainControllerPasswordReplicationPolicyUsage Get-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy Get-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicySubject Get-ADForest Get-ADGroup Get-ADGroupMember Get-ADObject Get-ADOptionalFeature Get-ADOrganizationalUnit Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership Get-ADRootDSE Get-ADServiceAccount Get-ADUser Get-ADUserResultantPasswordPolicy Install-ADServiceAccount Move-ADDirectoryServer Move-ADDirectoryServerOperationMasterRole Move-ADObject New-ADComputer New-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy New-ADGroup New-ADObject New-ADOrganizationalUnit New-ADServiceAccount New-ADUser Remove-ADComputer Remove-ADComputerServiceAccount Remove-ADDomainControllerPasswordReplicationPolicy Remove-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy Remove-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicySubject Remove-ADGroup Remove-ADGroupMember Remove-ADObject Remove-ADOrganizationalUnit Remove-ADPrincipalGroupMembership Remove-ADServiceAccount Remove-ADUser Rename-ADObject Reset-ADServiceAccountPassword Restore-ADObject Search-ADAccount Set-ADAccountControl Set-ADAccountExpiration Set-ADAccountPassword Set-ADComputer Set-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy Set-ADDomain Set-ADDomainMode Set-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy Set-ADForest Set-ADForestMode Set-ADGroup Set-ADObject Set-ADOrganizationalUnit Set-ADServiceAccount Set-ADUser Uninstall-ADServiceAccount Unlock-ADAccount

8. Administrative Center for ADIncrease the productivity of IT Pros by providing a scalable, task-oriented UX for managing Active Directory Past limitations Non task-oriented UI causes customer pain Example: resetting user passwords Representation in MMC not scalable for large datasets Feature takeaway Tasks executed through PowerShell Cmdlets Task oriented administration model, with support for larger datasets Consistency between CLI and UI management capabilities Navigation experience designed to support multi-domain, multi-forest environments

9. Progressive disclosure Task oriented Powershell based instrumentation Multi-Domains/Multi-Forests

10. Best Practice Analyzer Identify deviations from best practices to help our customers better manage their Active Directory deployments Past limitations No easy and automated validation of AD configuration against best practices Feature takeaway Analyzes AD settings that cause most unexpected behavior in customer environments Leverages PowerShellcmdlets to gather run-time data Makes recommendations in the context of the deployment Available through Server Manager BPA runtime tool

11. Best Practice Analyzer first set of scenarios Version 1.0 of the BPA focuses mostly on common DNS issues Checking SRV records for DC are registered with its DNS Server A/AAAA records of a DC are registered with its DNS Server DC has a valid host name Schema Naming Master and Domain Naming Master FSMO are recommended to be on same machine RID and PDC recommended to be on same machine Each domain is recommended to have at least two DCs

12. Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 R2 Additions GUI GUI CLIENT ADUC/ADSS/ADDT ADMUX BPA CLI WSH MMC CLI ADSI AD PS MUX .NET .NET LDAP DS RPC-Based Protocols WCF WPF … … DSR SAM .NET WCF SERVER AD Web Service .NET S.DS.P/S.DS.AM/S.DS.AD DS RPC-Based Protocols LDAP … … DSR SAM AD Core AD Core

13. Recycle Bin for ADCustomer can undo an accidental deletion in Active Directory Past limitations Accidental object deletion causes business downtime – deleted users cannot logon or access corporate resources Accidental deletions are the number #1 cause of AD Disasterecovery scenarios Feature takeaway Recycle bin for AD DS and AD LDS objects Feature enabled with a new forest functional level Requires all DCs in the forest to be Windows Server 2008 R2 DCs For AD LDS, all replicas must be running in a new ‘application mode’

14. Recycle Bin for AD Object Life-cycle 180 Days Tombstone Object Garbage collection Live Object Windows Server 2008 Returns Tombstones LDAP OID 1.2.840.113556.1.4.417 Windows Server 2008 R2 with Recycle Bin enabled (If not enabled, behavior is similar to Windows Server 2008) LDAP OID 1.2.840.113556.1.4.2064 Returns Deleted Returns Deleted and Recycled Garbage collection Live Object Deleted Object Recycled Object 180 Days 180 Days

15. Managed Service AccountsSimple management of service accounts Past limitations Management of individual accounts for services is cumbersome Periodic maintenance often causes outages Example: resetting service account password Feature takeaway A manageable solution that addresses isolation needs for services Better SPN management in Win7 Domain Functional Mode Lower TCO from reduced service outages (for manual password resets and related issues) One Managed Service Account per Service per box No human intervention for password management!

16. Offline Domain JoinEnable easier provisioning of machines in the data center Past limitations Reboot needed after domain join Inability to prepare the machine to be domain joined while offline Feature takeaway Ability to pre-provision machine accounts in the domain to prepare OS images for mass deployment Machines are domain joined on initial boot Reduces steps and time needed to deploy in the data center

17. Authentication AssuranceApplications can control resource access based on authentication strength and method Past limitations Customers cannot use authentication type or authentication strength to protect corporate data Example: control access to resources based on claims such as use of smartcard for logon or the certificate used 2048 bit encryption Feature takeaway Administrators can map various properties, including authentication type and authentication strength to an identity Based on information during authentication, these identities are added to Kerberos tickets for use by applications Feature is enabled with a new domain functional level All domain controllers in the domain need to be Window Server 2008 R2 DCs

18. Health ModelEnable IT administrators to better diagnose and resolve Active Directory issues Past limitations Diagnostic information is incomplete and inconsistent Feature takeaway Continued investment towards completing the health model A single authoritative source for information used in Management Packs, Best Practice Analyzer and online documentation

19. Management PackProvide proactive monitoring of availability and performance of Active Directory Past limitations Current management pack lacks support for Windows Server 2008 and MOM 2007 Feature takeaway Support for Windows Server 2008 domain controllers Multiple replication latency groups Ability to monitor multiple forests from a single management group Management pack for MOM 2007

20. The journey to Windows Server 2008 R2 Upgrading to Windows 7 client while keeping existing servers, you can use: Off-line domain join Once AD Web-service is available for existing servers, if you upgrade to Windows 7 client, you can use: AD Powershell and ADAC with all your servers Upgrading to Windows 7 client while installing one or more Windows Server 2008 R2 (one per domain), you can use: Managed service account If you change the domain functional level to Windows Server 2008 R2, you can use: Authentication Assurance Managed service account with an enhanced SPN management experience If you change the Forest functional level to Windows Server 2008 R2, you can use: AD Recycle-bin

21. Thanks for listening! Amit Gatenyo Infrastructure & Security Manager, Dario Microsoft Regional Director – Windows Server & Security 054-2492499 Amit.g@dario.co.il