MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME... IMPROVEMENT OF SAFETY THROUGH SAFETY MANAGAMENT PLAN

1. MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME
IMPROVEMENT OF SAFETY
THROUGH
SAFETY MANAGAMENT PLAN–

2. WHAT IS SAFETY
• SAFETY is the state of being "safe" (from French
word sauf), the condition of being protected against
physical, social, spiritual, financial, political,
emotional, occupational, psychological, educational,
or other types of consequences of failure, damage,
error, accidents, harm, or any other event that could
be considered .
“
• Safety is not an intellectual exercise to keep
us in work. It is a matter of life and death. It
is the sum of our contributions to safety
management that determines whether the
people we work with live or die”.

3. DEFENITION OF SMHS
• A WORK PLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (WHMS) FOR A MINE IS A PRIMARY MEANS
OF ENSURING SAFE OPERATION OF THE MINE AT ALL
TIMES .
• IT BRINGS TOGETHER A NUMBER OF PROCEDURES
AND POLICIES TO ENABLE THE MINE OPERATOR TO
FOLLOW A SYSYEMATIC APPROACH TO ACHEVING
AND MONITORING AN EFFECTIVE LEVEL OF HEALTH
AND SAFETY.
• IT IS A SELF REGULATION OF MINE BEYOND THE RULE
AND REGULATIONS.

4. Basics of SMP
Safety & Risk Management
is the systematic application of management policies,
procedures and practices to the tasks of identifying
Hazards, analyzing, assessing, prioritizing, treating and
monitoring risks through a process of consultation with
actual stake holders.

5. WHY SMP/SMHS?
• Scientific Management of safety
• Advance planning for safety
• Advance spotting of the hazards
(energies)
• Advance identification of risks
associated with the hazard
• Advance Control measures to reduce
all risks
• Advance fixing responsibility for
managing the hazard and the risk

6. Definitions
Hazard
‘A source of
potential harm’ -
injury, illness,
damage,
environmental
damage, loss…
A Source of Danger

7. Definitions
Risk
Exposure to the hazard
Likelihood
Risk
Consequence
1. Risk – ‘effect of uncertainty on
objectives’
2. Risk means the risk of injury or
illness to a person arising out of
a hazard
3. Risk is measured in terms of
consequence and likelihood

8. ‘Standard’ approach

9. Structure of SMP
General SHMS, visible leadership, active involvement, effective
consultation and communication
1. Policy Authorized, objectives, elimination of work injuries,
appropriate, measurable objectives, documented,
available, reviewed
2. Planning Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, legal
requirements, objectives and targets, OHS Mgt. plan
3. Implementation Resources, structure, responsibility, accountability,
training & competency, consultation, communications
and reporting, documentation, doc control, Haz Id & Risk
assessment, control of risk, emergency preparedness &
response
4. Measurement
& Evaluation
Monitoring & measurement, Inc investigation, corrective
& preventative action, S&H records, S&H audits
5. Mgt Review Regular Mgt Review, documented, cont improvement

10. Concept 0f SMP
Swiss Cheese Model (James Reason)
•IN ORDER TO PREVENT AN EVENT, ONE OR MORE CONTROLS NEED TO BE
PUT.
•IF CONTROLS ARE INEFFECTIVE, THESE WEAKNESS MAY LINE UP AND
ACCIDENT/INCIDENTS MAY OCCURE

12. Swiss Cheese Model (James Reason)
Pre-Event Event Post-Event
Pro-Active
Measures
Reactive
Measures
Wham!
Near miss
Injury
Damage
Outcomes
Risk Management Focus
Defences – ‘Organisational’ Failures
Hazard

13. Incident Accident Causation Model - ICAM Incident
Cause Analysis Method
LTA
Organisational
factors
LTA Task or
Environ.
Conditions
LTA Individual
or Team
actions
LTA Absent
or Failed
Defences
Latent
Conditions
Initiator
Hazard
Loss
Mitigators,
Confinement
Beyond
Engineering
Controls
Incident
Mishap, Accident
LTA = Less Than Adequate
MOST INVESTIGATION INTO ACCIDNTS AND INCIDENTS
HIGHLIGHTS FAILURE IN

14. WORK PROCESS MODEL- Nertny Wheel
TO CHECK RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IS
PLACE TO ACHIEVE A SAFE OUTCOME IN THE WORK PLACE

15. PURPOSE OF SMP
• IDENTIFY HAZARDS AT WORK
• ASSESS THE RISK ASSOCIATED WITH HAZARDS
• IDENTIFY UNACCEPTABLE RISKS
• IDENTIFY AND DECIDE ON COURCE OF ACTION
• TAKE ACTION TO CONTROL HAZARD
• MONITOR EFFECTIVENESS OF THOSE CONTROLS
• MONITOR NEW HAZARDS
• COMPLETE RECORDS AND REPORTS

16. Basic Concepts of SMP
Risk Management Process
Identify Hazard
Establish Context
Analyze Risks
Evaluate Risk
Risk Management Process Model
(ISO 31000:2009)Communicate&Consult
Monitor&Review
Treat (Control) Risk
GotoSlide4

17. Hazard is a source of potential
harm or a situation with a potential
to cause loss.
Hazard Identification is the systematic
identification of sources of potential
harm or situations that can cause a loss.

18. Hazard Identification – how to example
• Hazard Identification is the systematic identification of
sources of potential harm or situations that can cause a loss.
• HAVE A LOOK at the TASK, WORK AREA, TOOL…
• Define what you are going to do (SCOPE!)
• Think in terms of what might hurt you or others
• Review previous accident reports, injury registers, safety
alerts, bulletins
• Perform regular housekeeping, inspections or audits
• Ask ‘what if?’ …… for example:
– what if …the operator slips?
– what if …gets knocked over?
– What if … the job runs over into the next shift?
• Consider the hazards involved in travel, unfamiliar or
novel locations, or situations
• Listen to team members and supervisors (shift handover)
• Checklists and Check sheets - Audits

19. Potential and Kinetic Energy

20. Energies

21. Types of Hazards – often related to an Energy

22. Gravity

23. Gravity

24. Gravity

25. Gravity
video

26. Kinetic Energy - Flyrock

27. Kinetic Energy

28. In the following slides,
what hazardous ‘energies’
can you think off?
Kinetic Energy

29. In the following slides,
what hazardous ‘energies’
can you think off?
Kinetic Energy
VIDEO

30. Mechanical (kinetic) Energy

31. Electrical Energy

32. Electrical Energy
video

33. Radiation

34. Hazard Identification – Some examples …
Hazards:
Falling from height
Contact with electricity
- electrical shock
Water/drowning
(working above water)
Dust/grit

35. Gravity
• Hazards:
• Falling from
height
• Being hit from
above by
falling material
• Contact with
electricity

36. Fire and Explosions
Hazards:
Intense heat
Fuel and oils
in tanks
Toxic fumes
Explosion?

37. Hazards:
Gravity
Competence

38. Hazards:
Pinchpoints
Moving parts
Rough ground
Manual handling

39. Crushing Plant hazards
• Hazards:
• Unguarded
drive
• Rotating
shafts
• Belts
• Entangleme
nt
• Noise
• Dust
• Heat?

40. Rotating machine parts - Entanglement

41. Welding Flash (radiation)
• Hazard:
• High intensity
light (radiation)
source
• Fragile design
(eye)

42. Gravity and Kinetic Energy
Hazards:
Falling Objects – Gravity (rocks)
•People
•Equipment
•Recovery of injured and equipment?

43. Hazards:
Falling Objects – Gravity (rocks)
•People
•Equipment
Inspections and reporting are critical
Gravity & Kinetic Energy

44. Hazards:
Falling Objects
•People
•Equipment
•Recovery of injured and equipment?
Gravity and Kinetic Energy

45. Working at heights (Gravity)
Electrical shock
Hazards:
Contact with
electricity?
Working at height
Falling Objects
People
Hazards

47. Uncontrolled tyre and rim
disassembly
Century Zinc February 2004
Single fatality + serious injury
Hazards:
•LTA maintenance
•LTA control of pressure hazard
•LTA hazard recognition /
perception
•LTA hazard identification
LTA = less than adequate
Tyre and rims – Pressure vessel

48. Deceased Rim
tyre
6.1m
Ex industry circular
LTA Maintenance Decision - Act
Hot work on tyre/rim assembly

49. • Hunter Valley NSW
• Pyrolysis - Lighting
strike
• Contacting powerlines
• Heating of wheel
studs
• Overheating wheel
motors, bearings
• Emergency
Response?

50. Can the Loader Operator see you????
Hazards:
Moving equipment
Pedestrians
LTA hazard awareness
Noise

51. Vehicle Interaction V2V, V2P, V2I
Hazards:
Moving equipment – kinetic energy
LTA visibility
LTA hazard awareness

52. Qld 2012 –
supervisor on
foot crushed by
FEL (fatal)
NSW 2013 –
LV crushed by
dozer (non-
fatal)
NSW 2013 –
LV crushed by
truck (fatal)
Recent vehicle related accidents

53. NSW Open Cut Coal mine Nov 2013
CHP

54. ‘There are only so many ways to kill people, and we
know them all’

55. Rear-end collision with mining truck in heavy fog
Hazards:
•Moving equipment
•LTA visibility
•LTA hazard awareness

56. Environmental Hazards

57. Environmental Hazards

58. Environmental Hazards

60. RISK ANALYSIS
•It is the process of adding meaning to the identified hazard i.e. what
loss events (or maximum reasonable consequence) could be associated
with the identified hazard.
• It includes injury to person (from minor to fatal), damage to
equipment, damage to infrastructure, loss of property, damage to the
environment etc.
• A hazard can result in several outcomes.
• Risk of something happening (outcome) is always associated with
identified hazard (source). That is why care must be taken to list all the
risks corresponding to the identified hazard.

61. CONTRIBUTERS
RISK RANKING
HAZA
RD
OUTCOME 1
OUTCOME 2
OUTCOME 3

62. ELEMENTS OF SMP
• INTRODUCTION
• IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARD
• IDENTIFICATION OF ASSOCIATED RISK AND
ANALYSIS OF RISK
• CONTROL PROCEDURE
• ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITY
• RESOURCES
• ACTIONRESPONSE PLAN(ARPS/TARPS)

63. ELEMENTS OF SMP
• COMMUNICATION
• TRAINING
• CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
• REVIEW
• AUDIT
• DOCUMENT CONTROL
• RECORDS

64. Tools of SMP
RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS
ASSEMBLE/FIELD
INSPECTON
REVIEW HAZARDS
INITIATE
REVIEW RANKING
DETERMINE RANK
DETERMINEIDENTIFY

65. Tools of SMP
Tools for Hazard Identification
1. PSC Minutes
2. WIs Reports
3. DGMS Violations & ATRs
4. Safety Officers Report
5. ISO Reports
6. Previous RA Exercise
7. Accidents & Near Miss Reports etc
8. Process Maps of each and every operation

66. Tools of SMP
Tools for Hazard Identification Consult
Agent,
Manager,MIN
SAFETY OFFICER
Foreman
PE
DDMS, MIN
Explained what are hazards and their identification, exposure, consequence, probability

67. Tools of SMP : Risk Evaluation
Risk Score=Probability*Exposure*Consequence
Probability*Exposure = Likelyhood
Sl No Percentage of work persons
employed
Impact assessment of
exposure
1 >40 MAXIMUM
2 20-40 HIGH
3 10-20 MEDIUM
4 5-10 LOW
5 <5 VERY LOW

68. Tools of SMP : Risk Evaluation
SCALE FOR CONSEQUENCE
SEVERAL DEAD 5
ONE DEAD 1
SIGNIFICANT CHANCE OF FATALITY 0.3
ONE PERMANENT DISABILITY/LESS CHANCE OF
FATALITY
0.1
MANY LOST TIME INJURY 0.01
ONE LOST TIME INJURY 0.001
SMALL INJURY 0.0001

69. Tools of SMP : Risk Evaluation
SCALE FOR PROBABLITY
MAY WELL BE EXPECTED 10
QUITE POSSIBLE 7
UNUSUAL BUT POSSIBLE 3
ONLY REMOTELY POSSIBLE 2
CONCIEVABLE BUT UNLIKELY 1
PRACTICALLY IMPOSSIBLE 0.5
VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE 0.1

70. Risk Treatment Process
Identify
Treatment Options
Evaluate
Treatment Options
Prepare
Treatment Plans
Implement
Treatment Plans
Aim - to eliminate or reduce
likelihood and consequences
Consider feasibility, cost,
benefit - Recommend and
choose strategy
Prepare plans to
eliminate / control
Result - reduction of
likelihood and consequences

71. Tools of SMP : Develop Controls
Hierarchy of Controls
Control Option Option Description Effectiveness
1. ELIMINATE (remove the hazard or
the need to perform the hazardous
activity all-together)
100%
2. SUSTITUTE (hazardous substance,
process, equipment, work method
for safer alternative)
75%
3. ENGINEERING/ ISOLATION (redesign,
enclose, or isolate/ separate people from
the hazard by use of lock out system or
use of barriers/ distance/ time)
50%
4. ADMINISTRATIVE (Training,
Rules, Procedures or Safe System
of Work)
20-30%
5. PPE (includes: eye/ face/ skin/ foot/
head/ respiratory/ hearing/ fall
protection/ and contingencies such
as fire fighting equipment)
5%
6. SAFE BEHAVIOUR (situational
awareness/ alertness and compliance
with rules and procedures,
instruction)
Unpredictable
/ can’t say
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering/ Isolation
Administration
Personal Protective Equipment
Human Behaviour

72. Hierarchy of Control
Elimination
PPE
Low Risk
High Risk
The higher
the risk, the
higher quality
controls are
required

73. Risk Control
• Based on the hierarchy of control model,
develop recommended actions that you can
implement (budget, time restraints)
• Remember the higher the risk the more
permanent / effective /possible multi-layer
the controls must be
• Controls must be in place and be effective
before the job/activity is started

74. How to implement SMP
• ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITY
• RESOURCES
• ACTIONRESPONSE PLAN(ARPS/TARPS)
• COMMUNICATION
• TRAINING
• CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
• REVIEW
• video

75. How to implement SMP
Distribution through e-mail to all officers &
confirm through a letter in writing to all officers,
TU leaders and workmen inspectors
Arrange Seminars
Discuss in PSCommittee
Safety talks
Align all talks in the direction of SMP provisions
Invite suggestions

76. SMP

77. .