Scrum Learning Game: Elephant Carpaccio
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There are a number of great scrum learning games "out there" and this one was developed by Alistair Cockburn. It is a classic that's great for agile scrum teams. I've taken a few liberties, inspected and adapted, and offer up my own recipe.
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Scrum Learning Game: Elephant Carpaccio
- 1. NANO INCREMENTAL DEVELOPMENT AKA ELEPHANT CARPACCIO
- 2. WHAT HAVE WE GOTTEN OURSELVES INTO? • Elephant Carpaccio is an exercise invented by Alistair Cockburn to help people practice breaking user stories and their related tasks into really thin vertical slices.
- 3. WHAT’S A STORY ANYWAY? • As a <type of user, "Actor">, I want <some action> so that <some goal/achievement>. • As Alex, I want to be able to filter my dash dashboard by list so that I can isolate data to a specific list. • As a Developer I can select from configuration options, press a button and have a VM in less than 10 minutes.
- 4. “INVEST” • Independent, demo-able, potentially release-able • Negotiable • Valuable (Customer, knowledge) • Estimatable • Sized Right • Testable (Has i/o) User GUI Client Back End
- 5. HOW BIG CAN STORIES BE? Months Weeks Days Hours Minutes
- 6. WHAT WE WILL DO TODAY • Build a simple application • 5 iterations of 10 minutes each • Instead of 3-5 slices, we’re aiming for 15-20
- 7. WHY SMALLER STORIES? • Learn faster w less risk • Better product earlier • More business options • Less time “underwater” • Deliver value more often • Happier stakeholders • Happier users CumulativeValueDelivered Time Small stories Medium stories Big stories
- 8. THE PRODUCT: DISCOUNT CALCULATOR Three Inputs: • Quantity • Unit price • 2-letter state code One Output: • Total price (discounted price plus sales tax)
- 9. SPRINT 0: CREATE THE BACKLOG • Demo-able • Implementable within sprint time box • Noticeably different from other “slices” • Adds value
- 10. HOW WILL YOU BUILD? • What is your first slice? • Can you slice things even thinner? • Risk reduction • Value = customer value + knowledge value • Walking skeleton….
- 11. SPRINT 1… • Write code • Tests (TDD, red/green, NFT?) • Pair? • Shout “slice” whenever you finish one • Go! • Demo / Acceptance test…
- 12. SPRINT 2… • Shout “slice” whenever you finish one • Demo / Acceptance test…
- 13. SPRINT 3… • Shout “slice” whenever you finish one • Demo / Acceptance test…
- 14. SPRINT 4… • Shout “slice” whenever you finish one • Demo / Acceptance test…
- 15. SPRINT 5… • Shout “slice” whenever you finish one • Demo / Acceptance test…
- 16. COMMON SPLITTING TECHNIQUES • Defer complexity • Zero, then one, then many (e.g, states codes) • Hard coding values • Defer validation • Simple interface (GUI last)
- 17. RETROSPECTIVE • How far did you get? • How was your code quality? • How many and what kind of slices? • What did you learn?
- 18. BUT WE CAN’T SHIP THAT STORY… • Independent: demo-able, potentially release-able • A Minimal Viable Product or Minimal Viable Feature consists of one or more stories that have been put together to provide enough value to warrant it being put into production. • The Product Owner decides when enough value has accrued to meet the “let’s ship it” threshold
- 19. www.andycleff.com “Type a quote here.”
Notes de l'éditeur
- (Text on slide) After he named the exercise, he later realized that he got the language is backwards; we are not starting with an elephant and deconstructing it into slices. Having a pile of elephant slices does not produce an elephant. We are actually going in the other direction: starting from nothing and constructing the elephant. First an armature, then a walking skeleton, then a semblance of a moving elephant, and so on. So maybe Elephant lamination… not slicing - but Elephant Carpaccio is so much more catchy a name…
- So what’s a story? A Story typically follow a familiar format: As a <type of user, "Actor">, I want <some action> so that <some goal/achievement>.
- There’s quite a lot tucked into the simplicity of user/action/goal, and this mnemonic “Invest” helps breaks things out: Independent: story should be self-contained, w no dependency on another user story. It is demo-able for feedback and potentially releasable Negotiable: User stories, up until they are part of a sprint, can always be changed, refined, split and rewritten. Valuable: A user story must deliver value to the end user. (Where the actor is an external customer they can do something; for an internal user the value in a story might be knowledge). Value should be noticeably different from any other story. Estimatable: Clear DoD: so the team will be able to estimate the effort to complete it Sized right: typically this means that it can be completed within a single iteration with some level of certainty; Testable: Usually some sort of input/output and it has clear acceptance criteria. Also, typically spans multiple architectural layers: UI, client, and a backend. Nobody has figured out how to work that into the mnemonic though…
- How big can stories be? The “sized right” criteria is a little fuzzy. “Fits into an iteration” - which could be anywhere from a week to a month. Really big stories are typically called epics - which might then span more than one iteration. Anyway we keep our stories down in size to prob days. Today, we’re gonna play a bit and see what happens when we go to minutes… while we still keep them vertical
- Plan on use any programming language you want. Interface could be console, command line, mobile, web, gui, whatever.
- Why? Conceptually there are a lot of benefits to thin slicing Allows for quicker feedback cycles Makes it easier to verify things since there’s just a small increment of functionality Provides much more flexibility - for example dropping a story without the burden of the sunk cost Helps prevent assumptions which can lead to bloated stories Over time the area under the value curve - the cumulative value delivered is greater - which leads to much higher customer satisfaction And we’ll see what comes out of today’s experiment
- We will build a retail discount calculator: a runnable application with a UI taking 3 inputs and producing 1 output. (Write discount levels and sales tax on a whiteboard) Start w the first 3 Discount Levels (change mid project to 5) • 1,000 3% • 3,000 5% • 5,000 7% • 10,000 10% <- add mid project • 50,000 15% <- add mid project 5 states sales tax (any other produces error message) • UT 4.7% • CA 7.5% • NV 6.85% • PA 6% • NJ 7% Set let’s break up into teams…. grabs some post its, and then we’ll talk about sprint 0…
- Plan on use any programming language you want. Interface could be console, command line, web, gui, whatever. Decide how will you write & test your code? Make a decision & stick with it. TDD. By-the-book TDD. Red Green Refactor. Red-green. Same as above, but refactoring is optional. Some tests. For some but not for all slices, and not necessarily test-first. NFT (no f*ing tests). Close laps tops. Grab post-its and pens. Create your backlogs
- Anybody need another sprint 0????
- Oh, legal just called. They said we can’t ship this thing unless we compute sales tax…
- Sales just called, they have a couple of whales on the hook, and we need two more discount levels * 10,000 10% * 50,000 15%
- How did you sprint? First - just a simple hello-world / echo-input-to-output Order value. 2 inputs (quantity and price), hard coded state? or enter sales tax, and 1 output. How did you handle sales tax? Sales tax directly? Simpler code, no data structure to map state to tax rate? State look ups, discount look ups GUI, etc…
- Name some take-away insights from today, Anything you might do differently in the future.
- Why would you want to build a story that isn't shippable? The answer is that some aspects of a feature might not be production worthy if you look at them in isolation. An feature can consists of 1 or more stories, and an MVP of one or more features. The Product Owner then decides when there’s enough accrued value in individual stories to ship something.
- You can find me at http://www.andycleff.com