2. - Is the quality of the mind essential to grasp the interplay of men and society, of biography and history, and of self.
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4. A. Seeing the general in the Particular: There are general patterns in the behavior of particular individuals. Society acts differently on various categories of people – e.g., children vs. adults; women vs. men; educated vs. illiterate; rich vs. poor. The general categories into which we happen to fall shape our particular life experiences. B. Seeing the strange in the familiar: Society guides our thoughts and deeds. Human behavior is not just simply a matter of what people decide to do. E.g., when a society becomes industrialized, a peasant becomes a laborer, factory worker, etc.; when war happens, a store clerk becomes a rocket launcher; a wife lives alone; a child grows up with a father.
5. C. Human behavior is not as individualistic as we think, but rather social forces affect human behavior: Ex. Durkheim’s study on suicide showed that some categories of people were more likely than others to choose to take their own lives. He found: “Men, Protestants, wealthy people, and the unmarried had significantly higher suicide rates compared to women, Catholics and Jews, the poor and the married people. He deduced that these differences corresponded to people’s degree of social integration. Low suicide rates characterized categories of people with strong social ties; high suicide rates were found among those who were socially isolated and individualistic.
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7. - Refers to scientific investigation or intellectual and rigorous research in particular issue, problem, concern, event or situation for a better understanding of the same. - It is concerned with the repetitive patterns in human behavior, presented according to logically related hypotheses and supported by empirical evidence. To be meaningful, these facts have to be ordered according to a conceptual scheme or theoretical framework. (Panopio, 2004)
8. - Refers to a person with professional knowledge and skills in studying the facts of society and social behavior through rigorous scientific inquiry in order to arrive at certain generalizations and truths about social life and society. - The main task of the sociologists is to study human groups and furnish the specialized sciences with the scientific data they need to carry on their work successfully.
9. The Basic Goal of Sociological Inquiry is: - Obtain a better understanding of society and the interactions, social relations, social phenomena, social behavior, and social processes taking place within it. - It seeks to discover social reality as it is supported by verifiable facts and data as empirical evidence
10. Defining the problem Reviewing the Literature Forming a hypothesis Choosing a research design Selecting a topic for research and defining key concepts Familiarizing oneself with the existing theory and research on the topic Defining the relationship between measurable variables so that they can be measured and the hypothesis tested Selecting a method for study
11. Communicating the results of the study Drawing conclusions Analyzing the data Collecting the data Collecting the information that will test the hypothesis Working with and examining the data to shed light on the hypothesis Summarizing the outcome of the study, indicating its significance, relating the findings to existing theory and research, and identifying problems for future research
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14. QUALITATIVE TECHNIQUE: - involves the examination of data from observations, interviews and publications which are not statistical in nature. - tools used include historical records, biographies, autobiographies, autobiographies, diaries, speeches, editorials and video tapes. QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES: - involves the use of statistics which deal with a mass of data and permit more precise statements of their relationships. - tools used include census and vital statistics, local, national, and international reports, sampling measures, of central tendencies, measures of variability .
