ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Anika French

University
at
Buffalo
–
State
University
of
New
York

ARC
211
-‐
American
Diversity
and
Design
–
Spring
2017

Online
Discussion
Questions

Anika
French

http://www.ronniefloyd.com/blog/11393/leadership/people-‐
change-‐the-‐world/

Response
to
Introduction

This
thread
provides
you
with
an
opportunity
to
"meet"
each
other
and
initiate
a
connection
with
participants
in
your

group.
In
responding
to
this
discussion
thread,
please
introduce
yourself
and
provide
us
with
one
interesting
fact

about
yourself.
After
posting
your
introduction,
take
a
look
through
and
reply
to
some
of
the
others.
The
purpose
of

this
exercise
is
to
develop
a
sense
of
community.
You
might
find
that
you
share
similar
experiences
and
can
help
each

other
in
many
ways
throughout
the
semester.

Hello
everyone!

My
name
is
Anika
French
and
I
am
a
sophomore

studying
in
the
Speech
and
Hearing
Science
major.

I
am
from
a

town
south
of
Rochester
called
Conesus,
and
my
mother
is
from

Germany.

An
interesting
fact
about
me
is
that
I
play
the
piano.

I
am

excited
to
be
taking
this
class,
and
am
already
interested
in
the
material

we
have
gone
over
so
far.

I
am
looking
forward
to
a
great
semester
with

all
of
you!

This
class
has
greatly
influenced
me.

A
lot
of
classes
in
college
are

focused
on
one
subject,
but
this
class
focuses
on
a
range
of
subjects
and

often
on
topics
people
avoid
or
don’t
like
to
talk
about.

It
is
easy
to
get

lost
in
this
small
world
I’ve
made
for
myself
here
at
UB
and
forget

what’s
going
on
outside,
but
this
class
reminded
me
of
all
the
bigger

picture
topics
and
the
challenges
people
face
all
around
the
world.

I

have
learned
how
much
influence
I
have
over
how
the
world
around
me

is
designed
and
molded,
and
also
how
small
actions
I
take
can
influence
others
indirectly
in
a

big
way.

I
found
the
controversial
topics
particularly
compelling,
as
it
is
not
often
you
can
talk
and
get
other’s
opinions
on

these
matters.

It
was
also
great
to
have
access
to
so
much
information
about
these
subjects
that
I
hadn’t
known
before.

As
far

as
my
viewpoints
go,
I
believe
they
haven’t
changed
so
much
as
they’ve
been
enhanced.

I
still
hold
to
all
the
same
values,
but
I

have
become
more
informed
and
my
eyes
have
been
opened
to
other,
often
opposite,
viewpoints
of
the
same
topics.

The
following
pages
document
my
responses
to
the
online
discussion
questions
in
the
Spring
2017
version
of
ARC
211

American
Diversity
and
Design
at
the
University
at
Buffalo
–
State
University
of
New
York.

Anika
French

Response
to
"What
is
design?"
from
Hello
World

On
“What
is
design?”
from
Hello
World:
Where
Design
Meets
Life
by
Alice
Rawsthron

The
author
opened
her
chapter
with
the
example
of
Ying
Zheng,
the
ruler
of
the
Qin
empire,
one
of
the
most
powerful

and
enduring
empires
I
the
history
of
China.
She
explained
how
design
innovation
contributed
to
Ying
Zheng’s

success.
For
example,
in
the
development
of
weaponry,
he
resolved
many
problems
by
standardizing
parts,
and
this

single
innovation
gave
his
armies
great
advantage
over
other
armies.

For
this
discussion,
let’s
move
away
from
246
B.C.
China,
and
into
the
U.S.
Describe
an
innovation
or
invention
(can
be

current
or
historical)
that
gave
advantage
to
a
group
of
people
in
the
U.S.
or
to
the
population
as
a
whole.
What
were

the
social
impacts
of
this
innovation?
Were
any
groups
negatively
impacted
by
this
innovation?
For
example,
the

telegraph,
developed
and
patented
in
the
United
States
in
1837
by
Samuel
Morse,
permitted
people
and
commerce
to

transmit
messages
across
both
continents
and
oceans
almost
instantly,
with
widespread
social
and
economic
impacts.

This
heightened
communication
speed
allowed
business
persons
to
make
decisions
with
up-‐to-‐date
information,

often
resulting
in
big
profits.
Those
without
access
had
to
rely
on
out-‐dated
information,
which
put
them
at
a

disadvantage.

The
radio
proved
to
be
an
innovation
that
markedly
advanced
the
way
information
and
news
was
spread
and

received.

For
example,
during
the
major
world
wars,
citizens
at
home
could
be
caught
up
on
what
was

happening
at
other
ends
of
the
world
much
more
quickly
than
the
newspaper
could
have
informed
them.

They

could
hear
the
most
recent
global
news
and
also
receive
direct
announcements
from
the
leaders
of
their

country.

There
were
many
social
impacts
of
the
radio,
as
well.

People
who
grew
up
in
small
towns
or
isolated

areas
suddenly
had
an
instant
connection
to
the
outside
world;
to
places
and
people
they
had
never
even

heard
of.

It
appealed
to
mass
audiences
regardless
of
sex,
age,
income,
or
education
level.

Society
became

more
informed
and
more
knowledgeable
of
what
was
happening
in
their
home
country
and
in
countries
across

seas,
as
the
radio
was
a
more
accessible
and
instant
news
source1.

The
radio
was
also
a
very
cheap
way
to
get

access
to
the
news,
so
it
quickly
gained
popularity
and
relevancy
in
society.

One
negative
impact
the
radio

offered
was
that
it
could
not
give
any
visuals,
so
it
is
easy
for
news
to
sometimes
be
misinterpreted.

1http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/essay/impact-‐of-‐radio-‐and-‐tv-‐on-‐society-‐and-‐culture/24418/

Response
to
"Introduction"
from
Diversity
and
Design

http://blog.co
mmarts.wisc.e
du/2015/05/
18/honoring-‐
hilmes-‐new-‐
media-‐
historian/

On
“Introduction”
from
Diversity
and
Design:
Understanding
Hidden
Consequences

The
editors
state
that
“diverse
participation
in
the
design
process,
from
both
professionals
and
public
citizens
alike,

yields
more
equitable
results.”
This
makes
sense,
but
typically
has
not
been
the
case.
Nonetheless,
many
marginalized

groups
have
impacted
design
in
ways
that
have
changed
our
visual
and
physical
worlds
as
well
as
our
systems,

policies,
and
institutions.
For
example,
in
the
1960s,
disability
rights
advocates
designed
media
events
to
raise

awareness
about
barriers
in
the
physical
environment.
They
persisted
with
their
efforts
for
decades,
and,
finally,
in

1990,
the
Americans
with
Disabilities
Act
became
law.
It
mandated
accessibility
in
public
accommodations
such
as

restaurants
and
stores,
public
transportation,
communication,
and
other
areas
of
public
life.
This
dramatically

changed
our
physical
environment
(from
curb
cuts
to
ramps
to
automatic
doors)
and
the
results
made
public
life

more
equitable.

Now
it’s
your
turn.
Describe
a
design
that
was
impacted
by
a
diversity
group.
How
and
why
did
it
change
form
and/or

circumstances?
(Note
that
a
design
can
be
anything
requiring
planning
and
development
prior
to
the
production
of
an

action,
system,
visual,
material
object,
or
environment.
Also,
keep
in
mind
that,
for
our
purposes,
a
diversity
group
is

a
group
of
individuals
who
are
underrepresented
in
society
in
some
way—children,
older
adults,
the
economically

disadvantaged,
those
with
cognitive
disabilities,
etc.)

Over
the
summer
and
on
breaks,
I
work
at
a

preschool
called
Kidstart
that
offers
special
services

in
a
classroom
with
children
that
have
many
different

types
of
disabilities.

Some
have
learning
disabilities,

behavioral
problems,
autism,
or
cerebral
palsy.

I
was

a
one
on
one
aid
for
a
child
with
autism,
and
he
had

trouble
with
his
fine
motor
skills.

He
had
special

utensils
that
helped
him
eat.

His
fork
had
a
grip
that

helped
him
form
his
hand
correctly
around
it
and

hold
it
more
securely.

He
also
enjoyed
pressure
as
it

was
relaxing
for
him,
and
would
sometimes
wear
a

vest
that
was
designed
to
apply
pressure
around
his
chest.

I
have
also
seen
a
new
http://triwou.org/projects
/pepi-‐mini-‐
modules/cp/CP8.htm

spoon
made
for
people
who
have
trouble
steadying
their
hands;
it
moves
along
with
their
movements
and
can
flip
around
so
it

doesn't
spill.

These
designs
are
so
important
for
people
with
disabilities
or
for
anyone
who
struggles
to
perform
certain

necessary,
common
functions.

It
helps
people
feel
included
and
helps
them
to
participate
in
daily
life
with
fewer
problems.

The
scissors
seen
in
this
picture
were
found
in
our
classroom
as
well,
and
are
useful
to
children
who
have
trouble
with
fine

motor
skills
like
squeezing.

These
scissors
allowed
children
who
struggled
with
this
to
participate
in
classroom
activities

alongside
their
peers.

Response
to
Articles
on
Hats
as
Communication
Design

Thread
2:
FROM:
“Fashioning
Protest
for
the
Women’s
March
on
Washington”
and
“The
Worst
Design
of
2016
Was

Also
the
Most
Effective”

NOTE:
Use
the
first
three
part
of
the
SEE-‐IT
method
of
critical
thinking
(State,
Elaborate,
Exemplify)
to
address
the

following
questions:

Typically,
we
do
not
think
of
hats
as
elements
of
mass
media
or
social
media.
However,
the
two
hats
(red
and
pink)

discussed
in
the
articles
certainly
have
taken
on
that
role.
Why
are
the
two
hats
(red
and
pink)
mentioned
in
the

articles
vehicles
of
communication
design?
What
meanings
do
each
of
the
two
hats
carry?
In
terms
of
communication

design,
how
are
they
similar?
And
how
are
they
different
from
one
another?

Communication
design
is
using
aspects
of
design
like
print,
color,
shape,
or
crafts
in
a
range
of
outlets
from
digitalized
media

to
physical
items
to
communicate
an
idea.

Basically,
one
can
use
design
to
more
effectively
reach
a
specific
audience
and

communicate
an
idea
through
this
design.

The
red
and
pink
hats
previously
described
are
vehicles
of
communication

design.

They
were
designed
to
attract
a
specific
audience
and
convey
a
message
to
the
world
through
their
design.

The
red

hat
represented
working
class
Americans
who
often
wore
trucker
hats,
and
the
color
red
is
closely
associated
with
the

Republican
Party.

In
writing,
"Make
America
Great
Again"
on
the
hats,
a
radical
change
was
represented
that
gave
people
who

weren't
in
places
of
power
hope.

A
hope
that
the
person
they
were
representing
cared
about
people
like
them,
and
that
he

could
make
a
real
change.2

The
pink
hats
on
the
other
hand
represented
women
who
were
rising
up
against
Trump
and
male

chauvinism,
as
can
be
seen
in
the
design
of
the
hat
into
cat
ears.

The
color,
being
pink,
which
is
stereotypically
a
female
color,

shows
that
they
are
proud
of
being
women.3

These
hats
are
similar
in
that
they
both
displayed
a
very
clear
message
of

what/whom
they
represented.

They
were
both
political
statements,
and
both
items
of
clothing.

They
are
different
because

they
attracted
and
were
worn
by
very
different
groups
of
people.

The
design
of
Trump's
hat
attracted
working
class
(mostly

republican)
Americans,
while
the
pink
hats
attracted
women
against
Trump
and
his
accused
misogyny.

2http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/17/politics/donald-‐trump-‐make-‐america-‐great-‐again-‐iconic-‐
hat/

3http://www.cnn.com/2017/01/20/politics/pussyhat-‐project-‐washington-‐march-‐trnd/

http://www.npr.org/2017/01/21/510997192/with-‐pussyhats-‐
liberals-‐get-‐their-‐own-‐version-‐of-‐the-‐red-‐trucker-‐hat

Response
to
Media/Society
Chapter
and
TED
Talk
on
Photographs

Thread
1:
FROM:
Chapter
in
Media/Society
and
TED
Talk
Photos
that
Changed
the
World

Where
would
you
place
the
images
shown
in
Photos
That
Changed
the
World
into
Croteau
and
Hoynes'
diagram

entitled
“Model
of
Media
and
the
Social
World”?
Identify
a
mass
media
photograph
taken
in
your
own
lifetime
that
has

served
as
an
icon
of
an
event.
(Feel
free
to
add
an
attachment.)
What
roles
does
this
photo
play
in
the
communication

of
the
event?

During my lifetime, one of the best known and immediately recognizable mass media photographs would be of the twin towers
on 9/11. This image was shown all over the news and became an icon for the attack. I was young, but I remember feeling scared
and shocked, and at the same time a part of and removed from the event. It was a violent image and the commentary that
always went along with it spoke of the
horrors that ensued. The role this photo
played was huge. The twin towers were
very well known by the American
people. We had an image in our heads of
the towers standing tall and strong. But
this photograph showed the new twin
towers, ruined and exploding. It also had
an impact on how we felt about terrorist
groups. We, as a country, became closer
for a while and more unified against
terror. We made large efforts to help
those affected, but also felt a spike in our
abhorrence of terrorist groups. This act of
terror resulted in acts of nationalism, and
this photo showing how violent the attack
was definitely played a role in that.

http://www.history.com/topics/9-‐11-‐
attacks/pictures/911-‐world-‐trade-‐center/ruins-‐of-‐
world-‐trade-‐center-‐2

Response
to
“Industrial
Design”
by
John
Heskett
and
"The
Incredible
Inventions
of
Intuitive
AI"
by
Maurice
Conti

In
his
chapter
on
industrial
design
(written
in
1987),
historian
John
Heskett
claims
that
the
methods
of
mass

production
introduced
by
Henry
Ford
in
the
U.S.
involved
new
concepts
of
the
standardization
and
integration
of
the

production
line
that
were
adopted
across
the
world.
With
Ford’s
method,
work
could
be
completed
by
relatively

unskilled
workers;
it
was
more
efficient
and
with
this
method,
products
were
made
more
quickly
and
cheaply
than

previously
possible.
What
were
some
of
the
social
consequences
of
Ford’s
production
line?
In
other
words,
how
did

this
system
change
our
U.S.
society?
Do
any
of
those
changes
remain
with
us
today?
Now
consider
Maurice
Conti’s
TED

Talk,
and
the
predictions
he
makes
about
production.
How
do
you
think
manufacturing
processes
will
change
in
the

next
twenty
years?
How
do
you
think
these
changes
will
affect
our
U.S.
society?

Ford's
production
line
had
many
impacts
on
a
growing
industrial
society.

This
kind
of
mass

production
made
products
more
readily
and
widely
available
to
the
lower
classes.

Now,
not

just
the
rich
could
afford
cars,
the
average
working
person
could
as
well.

Using
the
production

line
creates
a
standardization
of
the
parts
that
improves
reliability,
lowers
costs,
and
reduces

the
amount
of
manual
labor
and
time
needed
to
create
the
product.

This
in
turn
resulted
in
a

boost
in
the
economy.

People
also
started
to
move
into
cities
out
of
the
country
to
work
in
the

factories.

They
didn't
have
to
have
any
kind
of
special
education;
really
anyone
could
work
in

the
factories.4

This
system
is
still
in
use
today,
with
many
people
working
factory
jobs

producing
their
products
at
fast
rates.

The
next
twenty
years
I
believe
will
hold
a
lot
of
rapid

growth
in
terms
of
manufacturing
processes.

We
already
use
machines
and
computers
to

complete
tasks
for
us
that
would
take
much
longer
and
not
be
as
efficiently
done
if
we
did
it

ourselves
manually.

But,
as
Conti
discussed
in
his
talk,
I
believe
computers
and
people
will

work
together
more
and
more
in
the
future.

This
doesn't
have
to
be
a
scary
or
detrimental
thing.

Conti
describes
how
we
can

use
computers
to
aid
us
in
our
work
and
"augment"
our
abilities.

They
don't
have
to
take
away
our
jobs,
instead
they
can
help

us
achieve
things
that
would
be
impossible
without
their
help.

New
projects
or
inventions
can
be
created
with
the
help
of

technology,
and
that
can
further
aid
us
by
presenting
us
with
new
abilities,
cures,
modes
of
transportation
etc.

4http://www.nydailynews.com/autos/ford-‐assembly-‐line-‐turns-‐100-‐changed-‐society-‐article-‐1.1478331

http://www.computerworld.com/art
icle/3168840/artificial-‐
intelligence/darpa-‐we-‐re-‐on-‐cusp-‐of-‐
merging-‐human-‐and-‐machine.html

Response
IDEA
Awards
and
Cradle-‐to-‐Cradle
Video

NOTE:
Use
the
first
three
part
of
the
SEE-‐IT
method
of
critical
thinking
(State,
Elaborate,
Exemplify)
to
address
the

following
questions:

Which
of
the
2016
IDEA
Gold
Award
products
seems
to
defy
the
concept
developed
by
architect

William
McDonough
and
chemist
Dr.
Michael
Braungart?
How
does
this
product
resist
or
disregard
the
concept?
Do

you
know
of
any
products
that
embrace
design?
If
so,
please
describe.

Robin is an example of a device that defies the cradle to cradle
concept. Smart phones use many finite metals, such as copper, gold,
silver, and tungsten that cannot be reused or recycled. The earth
does not have an unlimited supply of these metals, and once they are
used they can’t be used again. The cradle to cradle concept removes
the use of heavy metals, like gold, from life cycles. The origami
printer, on the other hand, is both for and against the cradle to
cradle concept. While the exterior is made of 100% recycled paper,
and the leftover materials can be used to produce more paper, it still
uses ink, which doesn't naturally decompose and can be harmful to
the environment.

http://www.idsa.org/awards/idea/communication-‐tools/robin

Response
to
All
Module
4
Materials

Your
readings
and
viewings
this
week
present
different
ways
of
thinking
about
architecture.
Mies
Van
der
Rohe

describes
architecture
as
“The
will
of
the
epoch
translated
into
space.”
Andrew
Ballantyne
describes
architecture
as

the
background
for
life.
Jeanne
Gang
describes
it
as
the
act
of
building
relationships.
All
agree
that
architecture
can

change
based
on
context
and
culture.
Choose
two
works
of
architecture
from
any
of
your
materials
this
week—one

with
sensibilities
about
the
past
and
one
with
sensibilities
about
the
present
and/or
future.
How
do
each
of
these

buildings
either
reflect
or
challenge
their
cultural
contexts?
(Use
the
SEE-‐IT
method
to
respond
to
this
question.)

Jeanne Gang's Arcus center, although modern, incorporates designs of the past. She states how there wasn't really a center like
this in existence, so for inspiration she looked to the past and studied community meeting houses. She looked to meeting
houses from all over the world, and found a common factor: all meeting houses hold a central area where people can sit
together and talk.5 I think this center reflects its cultural contexts, as it provides a space for people from all walks of life to
converge and engage in a cultural exchange. Our country is one filled of people from many different backgrounds and
countries, and a center like this is a great space for these people to meet and break down "traditional barriers". In a way, this
center could also challenge its cultural context, as there are still tensions between races and people of different
origins. Although this country is more progressive than many, it still is not free of all prejudice and racism. This center
challenges these views by outwardly encouraging a gathering of different
peoples. It is a public representation of a desire for all people to be equal
and interact with each other, and this both challenges and reflects today's
culture. A work of architecture with sensibilities from the future is the
Dulles international airport. In a time where many buildings were
designed to be "glass boxes", the airport offered a modernist design never
seen before. Being the first airport made expressly for jets, it was made
into one strip where travelers only had to walk 150 ft. to get to their
destination. A roof of concrete "hangs" on the top and creates a
weightless effect many other airports have since attempted to copy.6 This
design reflects our society today as a response to the stressful conditions
one can find in most airports. Getting through airports has become a
serious and painstaking process that can take hours, and many people are
wrongly accused or detained based solely on their race. Airports are
supposed to be welcoming and a gateway to the rest of the world; a link to
other people and other places. It is a place of gathering and exchange,
https://brothersforeverthebook.wordpress.co
m/category/book/

much like Jeanne Gang's Arcus center. Making the design more efficient, user friendly, and welcoming is a direct response to
the challenges and obstacles other airports offer; an attempt to make this connection of people more fluid.
5https://www.ted.com/talks/jeanne_gang_buildings_that_blend_nature_and_city

6http://www.pbs.org/program/ten-‐that-‐changed-‐america/10-‐buildings-‐changed-‐america/

Response
to
Ballantyne
and
Zumthor
Articles

Andrew
Ballantyne
and
Peter
Zumthor
present
ideas
about
architecture
that
seem
to
value
the
sensorial
and
material

elements
of
life.
How
are
Ballantyne’s
and
Zumthor’s
viewpoints
on
architecture
alike?
More
importantly,
how
do

they
differ?
(Use
the
SEE-‐IT
method
to
respond
to
this
question.)

The
views
Ballantyne
and
Zumthor
take
on
architecture
are
at
separate
ends
of
the
spectrum,
but
they
do
share
some
common

viewpoints.

While
Zumthor
focuses
more
on
the
emotional
aspects
of
architecture,
Ballantyne
is
more
concerned
about
a

"pragmatist
aesthetic"
and
how
a
building
will
be
of
use
to
the
people.

Zumthor
believes

buildings
are
only
accepted
into
their
surroundings
if
they
appeal
to
our
emotions
in
the
right

way.

He
compares
buildings
to
poetry,

"Architecture's
artistic
task
is
to
give
this
still

expectancy
a
form.
The
building
itself
is
never
poetic.
At
most,
it
may
possess
subtle
qualities

which,
at
certain
moments
,
permit
us
to
understand
something
that
we
were
never
able
to

understand
in
quite
this
way
before."

In
the
same
way
poetry
offers
new
insights,
a
building
can

open
up
your
mind
and
give
form
to
your
imagination.7

Zumthor
wants
his
buildings
to
be
an

emotional
space
that
offer
an
atmosphere
and
make
you
feel
something
when
you
view
them.

Ballantyne
takes
a
much
more
technical
approach
to
architecture.

He
states
his
"pragmatist

aesthetic"
approach
allows
us
to
appreciate
the
building
for
how
well
it
works
and
its
uses
to

us.

He
desires
a
response,
"that
derives
from
the
satisfaction
of
experiencing
the
building
in

everyday
use".

A
building
is
effective
when
its
form
and
use
line
up
and
offer
something
to
the

people
using
it.8

Both
architects
seem
to
agree
that
buildings
are
a
compilation
of
joints
and

pieces
that
must
be
put
together
and
that
the
form
is
critical,
but
Zumthor
believes
the
emotional

response
is
more
important,
while
Ballantyne
believes
a
building's
usefulness
to
the
people

is
what
is
most
important.

7https://ublearns.buffalo.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-‐4051636-‐dt-‐content-‐rid-‐
14749617_1/courses/2171_14992_COMB/Zumthor_A%20Way%20of%20Looking%20at%20Things.pdf

14735253_1/courses/2171_14992_COMB/Ballantyne.pdf

https://www.pinterest.c
om/pin/339740365618
350954/

Response
to
Levy
Article

John
Levy’s
article,
“An
Overview:
The
Need
for
Planning,”
discussed
ways
in
which
planning
can
determine
the

characteristics
of
a
place.
For
example,
some
smaller
towns
restrict
the
heights
of
buildings
to
maintain
a
certain

scale.
How
did
planning
define
the
character
of
the
place
in
which
you
grew
up?

I
grew
up
in
a
very
small
town
south
of
Rochester
named
after
the

lake
that
is
surrounded
by
all
the
major
towns
of
the

area.

Conesus
lake
is
a
hot
spot
for
tourists
in
the
summertime,

and
many
people
from
the
city
come
down
and
spend
their

summers
there.

However,
the
rest
of
Conesus
(apart
from
the

lake)
where
my
home
is,
is
surrounded
by
large
expanses
of
land

and
little
business.

Where
I
live,
there
isn't
a
lot
of

urbanization.

Most
of
the
people
and
businesses
are
clustered

around
the
lake
and
the
neighboring
towns,
so
growing
up
I

encountered
some
challenges.

Places
to
buy
food,
shop,
and

socialize
are
focused
around
the
lake
where
there
is
a

larger
population
of
people.

The
rest
of
Conesus
was
planned

mainly
to
be
farmland,
with
smaller,
spread
out

communities.

This
planning
had
many
effects
on
the
character
of

Conesus.

Planning
the
land
for
farmland
resulted
in
the
loss
of
centers

to
shop.

The
people
of
Conesus
have
to
make
longer
trips
to
the
store,

and
cars
are
an
absolute
necessity.

Finding
work
is
difficult,
as
any
kind
of
business
is
farther
away
than
if
I
had
lived
in
a

village.

All
buildings
are
kept
short
so
the
farms
aren't
blocked
by
shade,
and
instead
of
inhabiting
apartment
complexes,
the

people
live
mostly
in
houses
as
the
population
is
so
small.

As
I
stated
before,
cars
are
a
must,
so
I
was
shocked
when
I
came
to

college
and
met
people
who
didn't
even
have
their
permits,
which
I
discovered
is
common
for
people
who
come
from
cities.

I

wouldn't
have
been
able
to
get
a
job
or
visit
friends
if
I
hadn't
had
access
to
a
car.

In
general,
the
character
of
Conesus
was

shaped
largely
by
the
planning
for
it
to
be
a
farm
community.

In
order
to
make
room
for
the
farms
and
animals
and
all
the

machinery
and
farming
buildings,
shopping
areas
and
villages
had
to
be
pushed
out
into
neighboring
communities.

While
it
is

a
hassle
sometimes
living
so
far
away
from
everything,
I
enjoyed
living
in
a
quieter,
greener
place.

http://www.dreams.metroeve.com/countryside/
#.WQPVGonyuCQ

Response
to
Pruitt
Igoe
Project,
Talen,
and
Larson

Imagine
that
you
are
part
of
a
urban
planning
and
design
firm
working
with
Emily
Talen
(author
of
“Design
That

Enables
Diversity”)
and
Kent
Larson
(who
gave
the
TED
Talk
"Brilliant
Designs
to
Fit
More
People
In
Every
City"
The

thee
of
you
have
been
tasked
with
developing
a
plan
to
rebuild
Pruitt
Igoe
in
St.
Louis.
City
officials
told
the
three
of

you
that
that
they
want
to
do
it
right
this
time.
Identify
three
strategies
for
rebuilding
Pruitt
Igoe
in
ways
that
promise

to
be
more
successful.
What
would
Talen
do?
What
would
Larson
do?
What
would
you
do?
How
would
your
strategies

differ
from
those
of
the
original
urban
planners/designers
of
the
project?
Why
would
your
strategies
be
more

effective?

Pruitt
Igoe
was
not
a
total
failure.

Its
design
was
well

thought
out
and
well
meant,
and
in
another
time,
as
the

video
states,
it
could
have
worked.

In
the
beginning,
the

building
was
well
maintained
with
working
elevators,

security
on
patrol,
and
a
strong
sense
of
community,
an

"engaging,
electric
life".9

The
deterioration
of
this

maintenance
is
essentially
what
caused
Pruitt
Igoe's

downfall,
quite
literally.

If
Pruitt
Igoe
were
to
be
recreated

today,
there
are
few
ways
in
which
this
project
could
be

made
more
successful.

Emily
Talen
would
tackle
one
of

the
building's
main
problems:
segregation.

Talen
states

that
still
today,
"There
is
evidence
that
suburbs
are

differentiating
themselves
along
race
and
class

lines."10

Talen
believes
that
diversity
increases
the

functionality
of
cities.

Where
there
is
less
social
diversity

and
increased
segregation,
there
is
less
interaction

between
multiple
peoples
which
ends
up
prolonging

unemployment
in
already
poor
neighborhoods.10

This

problem
was
especially
present
in
Pruitt
Igoe.

According

to
the
video,
it
became
a
"breeding
ground"
for
crime.9

I

http://www.searchinquire.com/?dn=root-‐
land.org&pid=9POO1E8LU

believe
Talen
would
design
the
building
to
incorporate
people
of
different
cultures
and
races
and
be
inclusive
with
all
of
their

separate
needs.10

She
would
work
against
the
segregation
it
perpetuated
before
in
her
plans.

Larson,
who
struck
me
as
a

modern
and
innovative
thinker,
would
design
the
new
building
to
be
efficient
and
to
use
the
space
in
the
best

way.

He
might
place
the
building
closer
to
necessary
resources
rather
than
keeping
it
isolated
like
it
was.

He
would
create
a

more
personalized
community
feeling,
and
implement
smarter
travel.

People
would
be
able
to
get
where
they
want
to
go
by

foot
or
bike
instead
of
only
cars.

He
also
would
design
the
apartments
with
the
advanced
technology
he
discusses
to
maximize

the
limited
space
they
would
provide.11

I
would
also
try
to
create
a
small
community
by
building
small
shops
and
recreational

areas
around
the
apartments.

One
of
the
big
problems
Pruitt
Igoe
faced
was
isolation,
which
made
it
easier
to
be
segregated

and
closed
off
from
other
communities.

I
would
involve
parks
in
my
design
and
make
it
friendly
to
all
ages.

I
would
also

attempt
to
involve
multiple
cultures
by
providing
resources
that
any
type
of
person
might
need.

With
all
of
these
plans
put

together,
Pruitt
Igoe
could
potentially
be
a
success
today.

9https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKgZM8y3hso

14825578_1/courses/2171_14992_COMB/Design%20that%20enables%20Diversity%281%29.pdf

11https://www.ted.com/talks/kent_larson_brilliant_designs_to_fit_more_people_in_every_city?nolanguage=en%23t-‐367652

Response
to
F.L.
Olmsted

Displaying
his
plan
at
the
1876
Centennial
Exposition
in
Philadelphia,
Frederick
Law
Olmsted
stated
that
"Buffalo
is

the
best
planned
city,
as
to
its
streets,
public
places,
and
grounds,
in
the
United
States,
if
not
in
the
world."

What
was

the
basis
for
this
claim?
Would
Olmsted
still
make
that
claim
today?
Why
or
why
not?

The basis for this claim was how thoroughly Olmsted designed his "city within a park". He created three main parks, and
connected them all with parkways. Any resident in Buffalo could walk out of their house and be in a park or parkway either
immediately or within a block. This idea was radical at the time, as cities were crowded and full of industry. More than one
park, and having them all connected, seemed, as the video states, "counterintuitive". However, in doing so, Buffalo became a
desired city to live in as property values rose with all of its green area around
houses. Olmsted also created an expansive park equal to the size of New York
City's central park around the new hospital that was built.12 I believe Olmsted
would still make this claim, because it is still rare to be able to so easily access
parks in many cities around the world. Cities tend to be crowded and full of tall
buildings that can make nature seem far away and hard to touch. You might
find trees inside grates on the sidewalks, but a large and open expanse of grass
and trees so easily accessed is still not common. The way his parks were
planned was clever as well. They spanned out around the city, not just centered
in one area, so people from every corner of Buffalo could easily find a park. It
really was a city inside a park. It surrounded the buildings within foliage and
grass so the city was never too overwhelmed with metal and cars.12 There was
always a connection to nature and an organization to this connection. The way
the parks were installed and connected is still an innovative design today, and
shows how ahead of his time Olmsted was as his designs still hold.
12http://www.pbs.org/video/2365468061/

http://www.buffaloresearch.com/maps.html

Response
to
Walter
Hood's
Work

Identify
something
that
should
be
memorialized
either
on
UB's
campus
or
in
your
hometown.
Imagine
that
you
are

the
person
who
will
oversee
this
project,
and
that
you
are
using
Walter
Hood's
'triad
of
investigations'
as
your

approach
to
the
project.

What
would
your
landscape
intervention
commemorate/memorialize?
How
will
you
use

Hood's
'triad
of
investigations'
to
design
a
new
landscape
intervention?
What
do
you
imagine
that
the
design
will
be?

(Either
written
or
visual
descriptions
are
acceptable).

In
my
hometown,
I
believe
Vitale
Park
should
be
memorialized.

The
park
is

right
on
the
lake,
and
features
a
playground,
gazebo,
bridges,
and
walkway

around
part
of
the
lake.

The
park
gives
visitors
the
opportunity
to
be
right
on

the
lake
without
the
crowding
of
houses
and
cars.

It
also
provides
an
area
for

the
people
that
do
live
on
the
lake
to
gather
away
from
their
homes.

If
I
were

to
use
Hood's
triad
of
investigations
to
design
a
new
landscape
intervention

(the
everyday
and
mundane,
life
ways,
and
commemoration),
I
would

introduce
more
organization
into
the
design.

There
should
be
more
grassy

areas
for
people
to
be
able
to
walk
inside
of.

There
is
a
lot
of
pavement
and

water
and
stones
in
the
playground,
but
little
grass
to
walk
on.

Inside
these

grassy
areas
trees
should
be
planted
to
offer
shade
and
refuge.

Picnics
are

usually
held
at
tables,
but
with
more
trees
and
grass,
people
could
enjoy
their

picnics
on
the
ground
by
the
lake.

A
stone
wall
instead
of
the
rusting
railing

would
also
be
a
nice
addition
by
the
water's
edge.

It
would
also
offer
more
of

a
view
of
the
lake,
as
it
wouldn't
be
as
high.

A
lot
of
drinking
happens
at
the

lake,
and
consequently
at
the
park.

To
get
rid
of
the
problem
of
finding
shattered
and
empty
bottles,
a

recycling
center
should
be
instituted.

This
is
to
accommodate
the
life
ways
of
different
people.

Older
visitors

of
drinking
age
should
coexist
more
appropriately
with
children
visitors,
and
not
expose
them
to
harmful
substances
or
pieces

of
glass.

This
center
could
be
surrounded
by
more
trees
and
sectioned
off
to
the
side.

I
imagine
Vitale
park
could
become
a

place
where
kids
could
play
in
the
grass
and
run
around
not
just
in
the
playground.

It
could
become
a
greener
place
to

accompany
your
view
of
the
lake
and
all
the
activities
that
go
along
with
it.

Generally,
the
park
is
beautiful,
but
it
needs
a
little

cleaning
up
and
refinement.

It
has
the
correct
layout,
but
it
is
missing
some
pieces
inside.

http://www.livoniany.or
g/about_parks.html

Response
to
the
Brookes

The
abolitionist
poster,
the
Brookes,
is
an
iconic
image
that
often
is
included
in
exhibits
that
explore
issues
of
race
and

power.
It
was
commissioned
by
Thomas
Clarkson
in
1788,
and
the
Committee
of
the
Abolition
of
Slavery
used
it
to

inform
and
shock
the
public.
While
some
consider
the
poster
as
an
important
component
of
the
abolitionist
campaign,

it
recently
“has
been
strongly
criticized
by
some
individuals
and
groups
of
African
heritage
as
providing
a
very

limited
view
of
the
history
of
the
transatlantic
slave
trade,
resistance
and
abolition
(Hudson
2007).”
The
lesson
here

is
that
how
a
viewer
sees
an
image
is
dependent
upon
his/her
social,
economic,
and
cultural
position.
Keeping
this
in

mind,
find
another
iconic
graphic
that
addresses
racial
issues
and
post
it
for
others
in
your
group
to
view.

How
do

you
interpret
the
graphic?
What
is
its
meaning?

Now
imagine
that
someone
from
a
racial
and
cultural
background

different
than
your
own
is
looking
at
the
same
graphic.
Briefly
describe
this
person.
How
might
s/he
interpret
its

meaning?
How
might
this
differ
from
your
interpretation?
What
are
the
possible
reasons
for
these

differences?
(Consider
the
three
assessment
principles
mentioned
in
the
article
to
help
you:
a
technology
of
vision,
an

instrument
of
empathy,
and
a
symbol
of
control.)

(NOTE:
Limit
your
response
to
less
than
250
words.)

This
image
portrays
two
fountains
separated
by
signs
labeled
"white"
and
"colored".

Many
of
you
have
probably
seen
this

image
in
school,
as
I
remember
seeing
it
when
I
was
learning
about
segregation
in
the
1950s.

This
iconic
image
portrays
more

than
one
transgression.

Not
only
are
races
separated
and
prohibited
from
using
certain
facilities,
but
there
is
a
noticeable

difference
between
the
fountains.

The
fountain
for
the
Whites
is
larger,
cleaner,
and
generally
superior.

The
fountain
for
the

Blacks
is
smaller,
and
runs
out
of
the
other
fountain.

It
is
like
a
tiny
offshoot,
definitely
not
equal.

For
me,
this
image
makes

me
feel
uncomfortable
and
upset
that
the
"free"
country
I
grew
up
in
ever
enforced
this.

A

Black
American
looking
at
this
picture
will
feel
upset
as
well.

They
might
imagine
their

parents
or
grandparents
actually
living
through
this
and
the
fear
they
must
have
felt.

It

could
make
them
feel
empowered
as
well,
knowing
that
the
strength
of
their
ancestors

overcame
this
racism.

This
image
facilitates
a
feeling
of
separation,
and
sadly,
this
kind
of

separation
still
exists
today.

Maybe
not
so
blatantly,
but
it
still
exists.

Black
Americans

could
look
at
this
picture
and
want
to
fight
the
racism
they
experience
as
well,
just
like
the

Black
Americans
did
in
the
1950s.

In
general,
Black
and
White
Americans
will
both
see
this

picture
for
what
it
is,
but
the
picture
will
mean
totally
different
things
to
each
group.

https://filsonhistorical.org/behind-‐
the-‐scenes-‐of-‐segregation-‐in-‐
louisville/

Response
to
Charles
Davis
and
equityXdesign's
Work

Critique
either
the
MLK
Memorial
or
the
National
Museum
of
African
American
History
and
Culture

using
equityXdesign’s
core
beliefs
and/or
design
principles.
(Use
the
beliefs
or
principles
that
are
most
relevant
to

your
critique
rather
than
all
of
them.)
(NOTE:
Limit
your
response
to
less
than
250
words.)

The
Martin
Luther
King
Jr.
Memorial
located
in

Washington
D.C.
stands
as
a
reminder
of
the
great
leader

and
everything
that
he
fought
for.

It
is
a
reminder
of
the

racism
this
country
experienced
and
of
the
strength
of

the
Black
community
against
this
racism.

Martin
Luther

King
Jr.
was
a
leader
of
the
nonviolent
resistance
and

also
the
giver
of
the
iconic
"I
Have
A
Dream'

speech.

Using
equityXdesign's
core
beliefs
of
be
seen

and
foresee,
we
can
critique
this
memorial.

Being
seen

means
radical
inclusion;
truly
loving
others,
and

bringing
people
together
in
a
space
where
they
are

equally
valued.13

This
memorial
is
included
among
the

Lincoln,
Jefferson,
and
Franklin
D.
Roosevelt

memorials.14

This
makes
a
statement
in
that

MLK's
memorial
is
surrounded
by
people
of
other

races
in
a
way
that
is
just
as
honored
and

respected.

Also,
people
from
all
over
the
world
come
to
visit
these
memorials
and
reflect
on
the
struggles
of
the
past
and
how

we
can
stand
together
through
our
differences.

It
is
a
place
of
gathering
for
all
people.

To
foresee
means
designing
for
equity

by
designing
equitably.13

This
memorial
gives
voice
to
the
marginalized,
encourages
relationships
amongst
people
of
different

races,
and
also
encourages
us
to
respect
and
make
time
for
connections
across
these
differences.

It
is
a
memorial
that

revitalizes
our
democracy.

13https://medium.com/@multiplyequity/racism-‐and-‐inequity-‐are-‐products-‐of-‐design-‐they-‐can-‐be-‐redesigned-‐12188363cc6a

14https://washington.org/visit-‐dc/martin-‐luther-‐king-‐jr-‐memorial

https://washington.org/visit-‐dc/martin-‐luther-‐king-‐jr-‐memorial

Response
to
"Landscape
Stories"
Chapter

First,
let’s
start
with
your
own
home.
Describe
a
place
in
your
home
(indoors
and/or
outdoors)
that
you
think
of
as

representative
of
your
own
ethnic
background
and
discuss
why
you
consider
this
place
to
be
‘ethnic’.
–OR-‐-‐
Describe

an
object
in
your
home
that
you
think
of
as
representative
of
your
ethnic
background
and
discuss
why
this
object
is

considered
to
be
‘ethnic’.
(If
possible,
add
photo/s.)
Is
this
object
or
place
something
that
you
will
keep
or
continue

when
you
establish
your
own
home?
Why
or
why
not?

Now
let’s
move
into
your
community.
In
“Landscape
Stories,”
the
authors
show
how
landscape
architects
develop
a

historical
narrative
that
sifts
through
and
interprets
the
culture
and
material
of
underrepresented
groups.
Think

about
the
community
where
you
grew
up.
Describe
and
discuss
any
evidence
of
cultural
influences
on
the
physical

environment
in
your
community.
If
possible,
describe
evidence
of
the
cultural
influence
of
an
underrepresented

group.
(If
possible,
add
photo/s.)
Is
this
cultural
influence
being
acknowledged
or
preserved
from
future
generations?

Why
or
why
not?
(Limit
your
response
to
250
words.)

In
my
home
there
are
many
German
influences,
as
my
mother
is
from
Germany.

We
have
utensils
and
cutting

boards
with
traditional
designs
and
paintings
on
them,
and
around
Christmastime
we
have
a
wreath
with

candles
that
the
youngest
child
lights
every
Sunday
before
Christmas.

There
are
also
platters
given
to

children
on
Christmas
Eve,
and
polished
boots
for
St.
Nikolaus
day.

These
are
considered
ethnic
because
they

are
traditions
carried
out
by
German
people
and
the
designs
are
specific
to
German
culture
as
well.

I
will

definitely
keep
these
traditions
alive,
as
I
loved
having
another
language
and
country
to
learn
about
and
be
a

part
of
while
still
growing
up
in
America.

In
my
community
there
are
Native
American
influences
and
also

memorials
from
the
revolutionary
war.

I
live
around
the
great
lakes,
and
towns
around
me
like

Canandaigua
and
the
Ganondagan
festival
in
Victor
keep
alive
these
Native
American
traditions.

At
the

festival,
you
can
see
the
long
houses,
and
also
the
traditional
dances
of
the
Seneca
people.

The
Seneca
people

also
influenced
corn
becoming
one
of
our
main
crops,
as
they
developed
efficient
ways
to
grow
it.

Corn
crops

can
be
found
everywhere
in
my
town.

Canandaigua
also
celebrates
the
Canandaigua
treaty
signed
in

1794.15

By
taking
part
in
these
traditions
and
educating
the
rest
of
the
community,
these
cultural
influences

are
being
acknowledged
and
strongly
preserved
by
future
generations.

15http://www.ganondagan.org/

https://teachwhereyouli
ve.com/2012/12/12/a-‐
german-‐
christmas/weihnachtspy
ramide-‐mit-‐und-‐ohne-‐
musikwerk-‐ohne-‐
musikwerk-‐1649216/

Response
to
Article
on
Sports
Branding

Recent
controversies
about
sports
branding
focus
on

ethnicity.
The
Washington
Redskins
team
is
just
one

example
of
the
larger
controversy,
but
it
receives
the

most
public
attention
due
to
the
name
itself
being

defined
as
derogatory
or
insulting
in
modern

dictionaries,
and
the
prominence
of
the
team

representing
the
nation’s
capital.
Should
sports
team

branding
designers
use
ethnic
references
(Fighting

Irish,
Boston
Celtics,
Atlanta
Braves,
etc.)?
Why?
Why

not?
What
are
some
of
the
complexities
of
this

issue?
(Limit
your
response
to
150
words.)

I
do
not
believe
sports
teams
should
use
ethnic

references.

While
it
seems
harmless,
there
are
many
underlying

issues
at
hand.

Gover
says
is
best.

He
explains
how
using
terms
like

"Redskins"
promotes
a
mindset
along
the
lines
of,
"We,
the
white
people,
won
—
and
we
can
do
anything
with
you
and
your

imagery
and
your
identity
that
we
choose
to
do".16

Using
ethnic
references
makes
the
sports
team
or
school
or
group
of
people

using
it
feel
like
they
own
that
title.

It
takes
away
ownership
from
the
people
it
is
supposedly
representing.

It
grants
this

ownership
to
a
group
who
uses
it
in
any
way
they
desire,
too
often
in
ways
that
are
disrespectful
or
insensitive.

It
also
does

not
properly
represent
the
ethnic
group
it
displays,
as
the
designs
are
often
dramatic
renditions
or
stereotypes
of
that
group.

16https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/08/24/real-‐history-‐native-‐american-‐team-‐names/89259596/

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/30912996
1895633999/

Response
to
"Visualizing
Gender"
Chapter

In
their
chapter
“Communicating
Gender,”
Maya
Ganesh
and
Gabi
Sobliye

discuss
two
primary
visual
advocacy
approaches:
1)
get
the
idea,
and
2)

stories
in
data.
Find
a
new
example
of
either
of
the
two
visual
advocacy

approaches
to
gender
issues,
and
post
it
in
this
thread.
Cite
the
source.

First,
identify
the
approach.
Then
explain
how
the
designer
uses
the
approach

to
communicate
a
gender
issue.
Is
the
approach
effective
in
this
example?
Why

or
why
not?
How
could
this
graphic
be
improved?
(Limit
your
response
to
200

words.)

Using
stories
in
data,
this
picture
displays
a
clear
message
using
data
and
visual

points
about
how
women
are
represented
in
media.

This
image
is
effective
as
it

displays
simple
symbols
so
viewers
more
easily
recognize
what
is
being
shown.

The

percentages
shown
with
the
symbols
give
a
quick
insight
into
just
how
skewed
the

statistics
are.

You
can
look
at
this
and
clearly
see
the
imbalance
between

how
often
women
are
on
screen,
and
how
often
they
are
portrayed
in
a
sexual
way

compared
to
men.

Even
though
women
account
for
half
of
ticket
sales,
they
are

significantly
underrepresented
in
movies
and
media.

This
design
is
simple
yet

powerful.

I
feel
it
could
be
improved
upon
by
making
the
data
more
concise.

Some

of
the
sentences
are
long,
but
overall
the
symbols
and
the
graphs
make
up
for

that.

http://lipmag.com/culture/2013-and-gender-inequality-in-film/

Response
to
Bathroom
Bill

Last
year,
North
Carolina
Governor
Pat
McCrory
signed
into
law
a
bill
that
repealed
local
LGBT
anti-‐discrimination

laws,
and
required
people
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponded
with
the
biological
gender
written
on
their
birth

certificates.
This
prompted
massive
backlash.
McCrory
stated,
“You
know,
we
all
have
to
make
adjustments
in
life.

And
we’ve
had
the
proper
etiquette
situation
for
decades
in
our
country,
and
all
of
a
sudden
through
political

correctness
we’re
throwing
away
basic
etiquette.”
Just
this
past
Thursday,
the
North
Carolina
General
Assembly

passed
a
bill
to
repeal
the
law
while
placing
a
moratorium
on
nondiscrimination
measures.

Should
people
be
required
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponds
with
the
biological
gender
written
on
their
birth

certificate?
State
why
AND
state
why
not.
In
other
words,
to
receive
full
credit
for
this
question,
you
need
to
present

an
argument
for
both
sides
of
the
issue.
As
a
designer,
how
would
you
solve
this
gender
dilemma?
Use
the
SEE-‐IT

method
to
respond
to
this
question.
(Limit
your
response
to
less
than
250
words.)

I
believe
that
people
should
not
be
required
to
use
the
bathroom
that
corresponds
to
the
gender
assigned
to
them
at
birth.

If

you
identify
as
female,
you
should
be
allowed
to
use
the
women's
restroom
and
vice
versa
if
you
identify
as
male.

If
someone

has
transitioned
or
is
in
the
process
of,
or
maybe
hasn't
started
at
all,
there
still
shouldn't
be
a
problem
in
them
using
the

bathroom
according
to
the
gender
they
identify
as.

These
people
just
need
to
use
the
restroom;
they
don't
have
some
agenda

on
their
minds
or
intend
to
do
any
harm.

If
this
were
to
become
a
more
common
practice,
people
would
gradually
become

more
comfortable
with
it.

Just
like
with
segregation,
people
became
more
accepting
of
the
integration
as
it
became
more

common
practice.

However,
I
can
understand
why
it
could
make
other
people
in
the
bathrooms
uncomfortable.

They
may

argue
that
they
feel
afraid,
or
that
seeing
a
man
in
the
women's
restroom
is
a
violation
of
their
privacy.

To
fix
this
problem,

gender
neutral
bathrooms
should
become
standard
in
any
institution
or
public
area.

This
takes
away
any
discomfort
people

might
feel
by
offering
a
third
option.

http://eagnews.org/
west-‐virginia-‐
college-‐moves-‐to-‐
gender-‐neutral-‐
bathrooms/

https://veritasdomai
n.wordpress.com/20
16/04/21/gender-‐
neutrality-‐
restrooms/

Response
to
Hidden
Ways

Author
Steven
Flusty
categorized
five
types
of
disciplinary
architecture
that
perpetuate
what
he
calls
urban
spatial

injustice:
1)
stealthy,
2)
slippery,
3)
crusty,
4)
prickly,
and
5)
jittery.
Go
out
into
the
city
of
Buffalo,
and

find/photograph
two
examples
from
the
list
of
five.
Identify
what
type
of
space
you’ve
photographed
and
why
it
might

discriminate
against
a
specific
population.
Identify
the
location
where
you
took
the
photograph,
and
make
certain

that
you
are
in
at
least
one
of
the
two
photographs.

I
was
able
to
find
two
examples
of
disciplinary
architecture
right
on
UB's
campus;
in

front
of
Greiner
and
along
the
walkway
of
the
lake.

These
benches
placed
all
along
the

front
of
Greiner
are
an
example
of
prickly
design.

They
have
an
extra
hand
rail
placed

in
the
middle
so
nobody
can
sleep
on
the
benches.

They
also
get
really
cold
at
night,

and
really
hot
under
the
sun
so
nobody
will
sit
for
very
long.

This
discriminates

against
homeless
people
or
anyone
who
doesn't
have
a
place
to
rest
(or
drunk
people)

from
sleeping
on
the
benches.

Anika
French

This
is
an
example
of
jittery
design.

The
space
around
the
lake
is
very
public,
and

there
are
places
for
people
to
sit
and
hang
out.

These
cameras
are
placed
all
over

campus
usually
in
public
places
that
are
more
open
and
further
away
from
any

buildings.

This
serves
more
as
a
warning
and
protection
against
anyone
who
is

assaulted
and
needs
help.

Even
having
them
up
prevents
against
assault.

Anika
French

Response
to
People
Like
Us

After
almost
two
decades
of
public
assistance,
Tammy
Crabtree
took
herself
and
her
family
off
the
welfare
rolls.
But

her
job
cleaning
bathrooms
at
a
local
Burger
King
barely
paid
the
bills.
Crabtree
wanted
to
do
better
and
hopes
to
go

to
college
and
become
a
teacher.

Imagine
this
scenario.
You
are
a
designer
who
works
at
the
well-‐known
firm,
iPD
(Integrated
Planning
and
Design).

You
work
on
a
team
with
planners,
urban
designers,
policy
designers,
architects,
and
social
designers.
You
have
been

tasked
to
develop/design
a
way
for
Tammy
Crabtree
and
her
family
(and
others
with
situations
similar
to
Tammy’s)

to
move
themselves
out
of
poverty.
What
will
your
team
to
do
to
help
Tammy
and
her
family
achieve
their
goals?

What
approach
will
your
team
take
to
address
this
difficult
problem?

Tammy
Crabtree
should
definitely
be
situated
in
a
village
where
she
has
access
to
more
resources
and
a
closer
walk
to
her
job.

We
could
offer
a
guidance
counselor
who
could
give
advice
on
budgeting,
managing
her
time,
and
how
to
set
her
on
a
track
to

college
to
fulfill
her
dream
of
becoming
a
teacher.

This
village
could
provide
a
center
for
employment

opportunities
specifically
designed
for
lower
income
people,
or
people
with
limited
education.

They
could
direct
her
to
places

willing
to
hire,
and
also
offer
work
at
the
center
so
she
could
have
a
good
reference
for
later
opportunities.

There
should
also

be
a
plan
that
offers
loans
to
people
with
poor
credit,
no
credit,
or
a
really
poor
history
with
the
banks.

If
we
don't
give
these

people
a
chance,
how
are
they
supposed
to
get
out
of
poverty?

The
difference
is,
they
will
have
a
guide
to
show
them
how
to

use
that
money
to
their
advantage
and
to
their
personal
agenda
every
step
of
the
way
to
make
sure
they
don't
misuse
it
or

squander
it.

This
plan
will
only
give
loans
to
the
people
who
agree
to

work
with
the
guide.

And
even
though
she
is
working,
there
should
be
a

reward
system
that
gives
her
a
little
extra
money
if
she
cooperates
with

the
center
and
guides.

People
in
her
situation
often
get
stuck
and
feel

alone.

There
need
to
be
centers
designed
specifically
for
people
like

Tammy
to
help
them
work
their
way
up
and
out
of
poverty.

A
place

filled
with
resources
and
guidance
would
offer
support,
and
also
a

connection
to
others
in
the
same
situation.

http://thefinancialphysician.com/2011/02/separate-‐
but-‐unequal-‐charts-‐show-‐growing-‐rich-‐poor-‐gap/

Response
to
Carroll
Article:
“(Re)forming
Regent
Park:
When
Policy
Does
Not
Equal
Practice”

The
development
of
Regent
Park
is
phased,
and
there
are
several
more
phases
to
the
project.
What
actions
could
be

taken
to
ensure
more
social
integration
for
the
older
people
living
in
the
‘new
and
improved’
Regent
Park?

Social
integration
is
so
incredibly
important
in
determining
how
happy
and
included
one
will
feel
in
their

community.

Especially
for
the
elderly
who
tend
to
get
left
out
and
left
behind,
social
integration
could
greatly
improve
their

quality
of
life.

I
think
spaces
for
public
meeting
are
very
useful.

An
open
meeting
area
where
music
performers,
speakers,
and

events
could
be
held
would
bring
the
people
of
the
community
out
and
together.

Sometimes
a
program
that
assigns
young

people
to
a
certain
elderly
person
are
very
effective.

These
young
people
talk,
help
out,
or
simply
listen
to
the
elderly
and
keep

them
company.

This
is
very
helpful
when
that
elderly
person
doesn't
have
any
family
or
their
family
doesn't
visit

often.

Most
of
these
programs
are
volunteer
programs.

I
also
think
Regent
Park
needs
to
be
more
accessible
to
the

elderly.

They
should
be
able
to
get
to
all
parts
of
the
area

without
difficulty
so
they
can
spend
time
outdoors
and
in

places
where
others
gather
regularly.

Ramps
where
there
are

stairs,
and
sidewalks
outdoors
are
a
start.

Also,
there

should
be
places
where
the
elderly
can
meet
others
of
their
age

so
the
can
have
their
own
little
community
of
support
amidst

all
of
the
other
age
groups.

Gardens
should
be
placed
around

the
park
with
supplies
for
use
so
the
elderly
can
participate
in

the
upkeep
as
well.

Open
spaces
and
not
separating
age
groups

along
with
meeting
places
would
help
older
people
feel
more

socially
integrated.

These
meeting
places
should
also
be

accessible
to
the
elderly.

It
wouldn’t
help
to
have
them
if
they

can’t
access
them,
so
they
should
be
located
close
to
where
the

elderly
live
or
on
lower
floors
that
can
be
easily
found
and

accessed.

http://inhabitat.com/infographic-‐are-‐you-‐living-‐in-‐an-‐age-‐
friendly-‐city/age-‐friendly-‐city/

Response
to
Enriquez
TED
Talk:
“What
Will
Humans
Look
Like
in
100
Years?”

For
this
question,
we
will
focus
on
Juan
Enriquez’
Life
Two
civilization,
which
alters
fundamental
aspects
of
the
body.

We
are
living
longer
than
ever
before
in
human
history.
Enriquez
argues
that,
because
of
advances
in
bio-‐medical

technology,
the
possibility
of
living
to
120
years
of
age
and
beyond
is
quite
possible
for
many
of
us
in
this
D+D
class.

Assuming
that
his
assertion
is
accurate,
how
do
you
think
extended
life
spans
will
change
our
societies
and
built

environments?
What
new
issues
might
designers
face
because
of
extended
life
spans?

Changes
would
slowly
start
to
take
place
as
the
existing
populations
begin
to
live

longer.

New
jobs
would
be
created,
as
new
situations
and
new
illnesses
could
arise.

With

people
living
longer,
care
for
the
elderly
would
become
vital.

More
workers
would
be
needed

to
care
for
them,
and
new
medications
would
be
developed
to
cope
with
new
ailments
a

longer
life
span
would
bring.

Pharmaceutical
companies
would
probably
prosper,
as
a
large

population
of
elderly
people
will
need
new
medication
for
longer
to
survive.

There
could
be
a

shift
in
how
age
is
viewed.

The
elderly
as
they
exist
now
could
be
seen
as
younger,
and
the

same
would
go
for
all
age
groups.

People
might
have
to
work
longer
in
order
to
have
enough

retirement
money
saved,
which
would
mean
a
larger
amount
of
older
people
in
the

workforce.

It
might
become
difficult
for
young
people
to
find
jobs
as
less
people
are
retiring.

Designers
might
face
the
issue
of
accommodating
the
new
elderly.

Where
will
they
go?

They

can't
all
fit
in
the
care
systems
we
have
in
place
now;
there
simply
isn't
enough
room.

As

their
health
will
be
even
more
shaky,
they
will
require
even
more
attention
for
an
extended

period
of
time.

Our
bodies
are
not
made
to
naturally
live
that
long,
so
there
will
be
severe

consequences
to
our
health.

Most
of
these
elderly
will
probably
be
in
wheelchairs
and
in

homes,
not
able
to
care
for
themselves.

There
will
likely
be
new
communities
developed
by
designers
to
house
this
new
influx

of
elderly
people.

An
entire
new
group
might
emerge
that
consists
of
the
elderly
and
the
people
that
care
for
them,
and
so

these
communities
will
be
designed
to
accommodate
them.

Perhaps
they
will
have
wheelchair
safe
houses,
medical
resources,

doctors,
nurses,
and
places
for
family
members
to
stay
when
they
visit.

They
will
specifically
design
entire
communities
just

for
this
group
of
people,
much
like
how
we
have
designed
neighborhoods
for
middle
aged
adults
and
their
children.

http://www.gadgetronicx.com/category
/tech/

Response
to
PPT,
Smithsonian,
and
Roy

The
two
most
frequently
mentioned
models
of
disability
are
the
‘social’
and
the
‘medical’
models.
The
medical
model

of
disability
views
disability
as
a
medical
‘problem’
that
belongs
to
the
disabled
individual.
The
social
model
of

disability,
in
contrast,
draws
on
the
idea
that
it
is
society
that
disables
people,
through
designing
everything
to
meet

the
needs
of
the
majority
of
people
who
are
not
disabled.
There
is
a
recognition
within
the
social
model
that
there
is
a

great
deal
that
society
can
do
to
reduce,
and
ultimately
remove,
some
of
these
disabling
barriers,
and
that
this
task
is

the
responsibility
of
society,
rather
than
the
disabled
person.

For
the
Module
12
Thread
1,
please
select
one
of
the
seven
universal
design
principles,
and
post
photographs
that

show
both
a
positive
and
a
negative
example
of
the
principle.
Then
address
the
following
question:
How
do
your

examples
empower
or
disempower
various
people?
Describe
the
specific
features
of
the
positive
example
and
the

specific
features
of
the
negative
example.
Discuss
ways
that
the
positive
example
could
be
even
further
improved.

I
chose
to
discuss
designs
that
do
or
do
not
display
simple
and
intuitive
use.

The
first
examples
show
TV
remotes
with
lots
of

buttons
and
tiny
text.

Most
of
the
functions
these
remotes
offer
will
never
be
used
or
necessary.

Many
people
struggle
with

just
turning
on
their
TV
with
these
remotes
as
they
usually
require
several
buttons
to
be
used
to
perform
this
function.

This

disempowers
several
people:
the
elderly,
whom
have
trouble
reading
small
texts
and
remembering
which
combination
of

buttons
to
use,
people
with
disabilities
who
cannot
properly
press
the
small
buttons,
or
even
people
who
are
blind,
as
it
is
hard

for
them
to
feel
and
remember
where
each
of
the
buttons
they
need
are.

The
second
remote
displays
a
remote
with
larger
and

fewer
buttons.

The
text
is
much
larger,
so
it
is
easier
to
remember
where
the
buttons
are
and
what
they
do.

The
design
is

essentially
much
simpler.

It
is
definitely
more
intuitive
as
well,
as
there
are
visual
cues
like
a
plus
and
minus
for
the
volume,

and
up
and
down
arrows
for
the
channels.

The
numbers
are
large
as
well.

While
a
few
of
the
other
remotes
may
also
have

these
visual
cues,
they
are
much
too
small
to
be
helpful
or
make
the
design
intuitive.

Even
if
the
text
on
the
remote
in
the

second
picture
is
still
too
small,
the
visuals
displayed
are
easy
to
see
and
greatly
help
the
user
to
figure
out
what
those
specific

buttons
do.

The
second
example
could
still
be
improved
upon
by
making
the
buttons
stick
out
from
the
remote
more.

This

would
make
it
even
easier
to
feel
them
apart
from
the
remote
and
find
them
with
just
touch.

I
also
think
more
colors
could
be

used
to
distinguish
the
volume
from
the
channel
buttons
and
the
power
button
could
be
completely
a
different
color
as
well.

http://www.bigbuttonuniverse.com/technology/

https://www.aliexpress.com/w/
wholesale-‐simple-‐tv-‐remote.html

Response
to
Survey,
FIXED,
and
Stelarc

Currently,
we
have
the
technology
for
you
to
choose
many
of
the
survey
characteristics
in
your
future
child,
and
this

ability
to
choose
poses
some
ethical
questions.
Of
course,
we
all
want
the
best
for
our
own
child.
However,
as
we
move

into
a
more
collective
situation,
we
need
to
consider
how
the
consequences
of
majority
choices
for
children
might

change
who
we
are
as
a
species.

In
the
film
trailer
FIXED,
you
were
introduced
to
the
dilemma
of
living
in
a
culture
in
which
the
“science-‐fiction
of

human
enhancement”
has
become
almost
a
way
of
life,
from
prenatal
genetic
screening
to
bionic
body
parts.
In
the

video,
“A
Man
with
Three
Ears”
you
are
introduced
to
an
artist
who
is
using
current
technology
to
move
humans

beyond
their
current
abilities.
Last
week,
Juan
Enriquez
asked
us
if
it
is
ethical
to
evolve
the
human
body.
All
of
these

videos
suggest
that
the
concept
of
disability
‘as
we
know
it’
could
cease
to
exist
in
the
future.

This
leads
us
to
this
week’s
discussion
question:

What
lessons
do
you
think
we
should
learn
from
history
when
thinking
about
emerging
enhancement
technologies

and
reproductive
technologies?
What
are
some
of
the
possible
consequences
(both
positive
and
negative)
of
being

able
to
design
our
bodies
and
the
bodies
of
our
children?
What
ethical
quandaries
do
these
technologies
pose?

This
topic
is
so
conflicting
for
me.
While
I
think
certain
enhancement
technologies
are
extremely
beneficial,
I
think
others
push

my
own
boundaries
of
what
is
right
and
what
is
wrong.

Although
prosthetics
have
been
around
for
years
and
can
change
a

person's
life
completely
around
for
the
better,
I
think
relying
too
much
on
technology
is
dangerous.

Enhancing
our
bodies
has

proven
to
be
a
mistake
in
the
past.

An
enhancement
as
simple
as
using
performance
enhancement
drugs
can
have
many

negative
effects
on
the
body
and
the
brain.

Along
with
that,
there
are
many
possible
consequences
of
being
able
to
design
our

own
bodies
and
the
bodies
of
our
children.

If
we
begin
to
rely
on
enhancements
like,
for
example,
an
exoskeleton,
we
may
lose

muscle
mass
and
become
reliant
on
the
help
of
the
technology.

We
could
become
unhealthy
as
we
are
using
less
effort
to
move

around
and
being
less
active.

Designing
our
children
could
backfire
as
well,
as
people
could
become
obsessed
with
designing

the
perfect
baby
and
take
away
anything
that
would
have
made
him/her
unique.

Having
too
much
control
over
how
your
child

will
look
or
act
removes
some
purpose
of
having
a
child.

This
poses
so
many
ethical
quandaries.

Is
it
okay
to
change
your

baby
against
their
will?

Does
one
have
the
right
to
design
another
human?

Is
it
okay
to
change
yourself
so
you
can
get
ahead

and
have
an
unfair
advantage
versus
someone
who
might
not
have
the
money
to
do
so?

A
lot
of
this
comes
down
to

money.

The
rich
might
be
able
to
get
even
further
ahead
be
it
athletically
or
mentally
because
of
body
modifications.

On
the
flip
side,
enhancement
technologies
are
doing
a
lot
of
good.

They
are
giving
people
the
ability
to
walk,
climb,
run,

etc.,

and
do
all
of
these
things
better
than
the
average,
non-‐enhanced
person.

Someone
who
would
have
been
stuck
in
a

wheelchair
can
now
enjoy
their
life
upright
and
more
a
part
of
the
rest
of
the
population.

They
won't
be
held
back
by
their

limitations
as
they
can
now
integrate
themselves
into
the
mainstream
with
the
help
of
enhancement
technologies.

https://designerbabiesethics.wordpress.com/

ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Anika French

ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Anika French

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ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Anika French