2. What is a Logic Model?
“Basically, a logic model is a systematic and
visual way to present and share your
understanding of the relationships among the
resources you have to operate your program,
the activities you plan, and the changes or
results you hope to achieve.”
(Kellogg Foundation, 2004)

3. What is a Logic Model?
 A picture of how you believe your program will
work.
 Uses words and/or pictures to describe the
sequence of activities
 Shows how these activities are linked to the results
the program is expected to achieve.

5. Some ways to use Logic
Models
 Clarify program strategy
 Write a grant proposal or a request for proposals
 Set priorities for allocating resources
 Estimate timelines
 Focus discussions and make planning time more
efficient

6. Components of Logic
Models
 Your planned work includes the input and activities
 Input (Resources)- finance, human, and any other
resources available for the project
 Program Activities- process, tools, events, used to
achieve the intended change or result
 Your intended results are
 Outputs- direct product of program activities, such as
services offered by the program
 Outcomes- changes in program participants behavior,
knowledge, skill, status, and functionality
 Impact- changes occurring due to the program

7. Components of Logic
Models
 Logic Models are to be developed with the following
components, in no particular order than how it
should occur for each individual program (Kellogg
Foundation, 2004).
 Input
 Activities
 Outputs
 Outcomes
 Impacts

8. Components of Logic
Models
 Inputs are resources and/or barriers, which
potentially enable or limit program effectiveness.
Enabling protective factors or resources may include
funding, existing organizations, potential
collaborating partners, existing organizational or
interpersonal networks, staff and volunteers, time,
facilities, equipment, and supplies. Limiting risk
factors or barriers might include such things as
attitudes, lack of resources, policies, laws,
regulations, and geography.

9. Components of Logic
Models
 Activities are the processes, techniques, tools,
events, technology, and actions of the planned
program. These may include products – promotional
materials and educational curricula; services –
education and training, counseling, or health
screening; and infrastructure – structure,
relationships, and capacity used to bring about the
desired results.

10. Components of Logic
Models
 Outputs are the direct results of program activities.
They are usually described in terms of the size and/or
scope of the services and products delivered or
produced by the program. They indicate if a program
was delivered to the intended audiences at the
intended “dose.” A program output, for example,
might be the number of classes taught, meetings
held, or materials produced and distributed;
program participation rates and demography; or
hours of each type of service provided.

11. Components of Logic
Models
 Outcomes are specific changes in attitudes,
behaviors, knowledge, skills, status, or level of
functioning expected to result from program
activities and which are most often expressed at an
individual level.

12. Components of Logic
Models
 Impacts are organizational, community, and/or
system level changes expected to result from
program activities, which might include improved
conditions, increased capacity, and/or changes in the
policy arena.

13. Why Logic Models?
 Logic models illustrate a sequence of cause-and-
effect relationships—a systems approach to
communicate the path toward a desired result
(McCawley, n.d.).
 They link the problem (situation) to the intervention
(our inputs and outputs), and the impact (outcome)
(McCawley, n.d.).
 A logic model expresses your theory of change

14. The Outcome Formula
 Step one: Describe your client
 Age
 Gender
 Status
 Step two: Identify the issue or topic you are
addressing
 Healthy lifestyle choices
 Substance abuse
 Employment

15. Indicators
 Indicators are the measures you select as markers of your
success.
• Direction of change
• Area of change
• Target population
• Degree of change
• Timeframe
• As measured by
• Baseline

16. Inputs vs. Outputs
 INPUTS are the resources that go into the program
(what we invest)
 OUTPUTS are the activities a program undertakes
(what we do)
 OUTCOMES are the changes or benefits that result
from our program activities (the change you expect
to see)

17. The Outcome Formula
Client Verb Adjective Type Topic
Hispanic
teens
will Increase Knowledge about Healthy
lifestyles
Decrease Skills in Career paths
Maintain Attitude about Drug use
Demonstrate Behaviors such as

18. Developing a Logic Model
 Logic models allow an organization to paint a picture
of the program they are seeking funding for. It
allows the funder to see how each process within
the program works together, and contributes to the
success of the program.
 According to the W.K. Kellogg Foundation Logic
Model Development Guide, to develop a logic
model, one must start with the idea of the program,
and follow a “chain of reasoning or “If...then...”
statements which connect the program’s parts”
(Kellogg Foundation, 2004).

19. The Logic Model
Taylor-Powell, Steele, & Douglah, 1996

20. Tracking Program Success
 Logic models track program success as they layout
the multiple connections needed to succeed in
implementing and seeing a program through.
 They allow the team to share common, and SMART
goals openly.
 Specific
 Measurable
 Achievable
 Realistic
 Time-bound

21. Tracking Success
 Each component can be evaluated to gauge success.
 For the above example, an evaluation can be
conducted on
 How many staff members contributed towards the
program
 How many participants were reached with the program
 What the level of satisfaction was.

22. Evaluation
 Models can be evaluated based on the known
requirements of the grant funder and whether goals
are being met.
 Is your organization improving or making changes
consistently?

23. Benefits of Logic Models
 Integrate planning, implementation, and evaluation
 Prevent mismatches between activities and effects
 Enhance accountability by keeping stakeholders focused
on outcomes.
 Help planners to set priorities for allocating resources.
 Reveal data needs and provide a framework for
interpreting results
 Define a shared language and shared vision for
community change

24. References
 Section 1. Developing a Logic Model or Theory of Change.
(n.d.). Retrieved April01, 2016, from http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-
of-contents/overview/models-for-community-health-and-
development/logic-model-development/main
 Logic Model Development Guide. (2004). W.K. Kellogg
Foundation. Retrieved April 1, 2016, from
http://www.smartgivers.org/uploads/logicmodelguidepdf.pdf
 McCawley, P. (n.d.). The Logic Model for Program Planning and
Evaluation. University of Idaho. Retrieved from
https://www.cals.uidaho.edu/edcomm/pdf/CIS/CIS1097.pdf.
 Taylor-Powell, E. (2009). Developing a logic model: Teaching and
training guide. Retrieved from
http://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb51
04513.pdf