This is the power point presentation by me, on Basic Telecom in BSNL, Agratala

1. Industrial Training Seminar on
BSNL
Submitted By:-
Arijit Roy
B.Tech.(ECE)
Reg No. 11710188
Section-E1722
SESSION : 2018-19

2. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is the one of the largest
telecommunication company.
Its responsibilities includes improvement of the quality of
already installed telecom services, expansion of telecom
services in rural areas and acquiring confidence among its
customers.
It provides acomprehensive range of services in India,
which include wirelessconnections, CDMA mobile, GSM
lines, Internet, broadband, FTTH and VOIP(voice over
Internet protocol).
Within this short span of time, it has also become one of the
largest public sector companies in India.
INTRODUCTION

3. This section includes brief introduction of how a call is processed when
we dial a call from basic telephone to another basic telephone or from
basic to mobile or viceversa.
CALLSETUP:
When a subscriber calls to another subscriber first its request goes to
the nearest switching centre that is PSTN(Public Switching
Telecommunication Network). Then it processes the caller and
subscriber’s number if it exists in the same BSC(Base Station
Controller) then call setupis completed.
If subscriber is not in the same BSCthen call transfer to MSC
(Mobile Switching Centre) then it transfers the call to prior BSC
then call setup is completed.
If Caller calls to a mobile subscriber then call transfer is done by
MTSO(Mobile Telephone Switching Office)
now call transfer is done on BTS(Base Transceiver Station) and call
setup is completed.
Working Of Basic Telecommunication Network

5. Parts of a Telecommunication network
The main parts of aTelecommunication network are:
1.Telephone Exchange
2.Main Distribution Frame (MDF)
3.Switch Room

6. Telephone Exchange
• Interconnection of
telephones is known as
switching equipment.
• The switching centre, which
houses the terminating and
switching equipment is called
telephone exchange.
• Atelephone exchange is a
telecommunication system used
in the public switched telephone
network or in large enterprises.
An exchange consists of
electronic components that
interconnect (switch) telephone
subscriber lines or virtual circuits
of digital systems toestablish
telephone calls between
subscribers

7. All telephone subscribers are served by automatic
exchanges.
Today’s automatic exchanges use a pair of computers.
One running the program that provides services.
Second, monitoring the operation of the first, ready to
take over in a few seconds in the event of equipment
failure.
Various exchanges present in BSNL are:
1. C-DOT
2. OCB(ORGANE DE COMMANDE B2 VERSION)
3. EWSD
About the Exchange

8. C-DOT
It work on telecom technology, products and services.
Provide solutions for current and future requirements of
telecommunication and converged networks including
those required for rural application.
Provide market orientation to R& Dactivities and sustain C-DOTas
center of excellence.
OCB(ORGANE DE COMMANDE B2 VERSION)
Itis adigital switching system.
The system supports all the existing signaling system.
The system has ‘auto recovery’ feature. When a serious fault occur
in control unit, it gives amessage to operation & maintenance
unit.

9. OCB(ORGANE DE COMMANDE B2 VERSION)

10. EWSD(ElectronicWorldSwitchDigital)
The EWSDDigital Switching Systems offer a wide
range of telephony features and supplementary
services.
Further capabilities can be developed to meet
specific customer needs.

11. MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME(MDF)
• M.D.F. is a media between switching network and subscriber’s line.
FUNCTIONSOFMDF:
• All cable copper wires supplying services through user telephone lines are terminated
and distributed through MDF.
• Themost common kind of large MDF is a long steel rack accessible from both sides.
Each jumper is atwisted wire.
• It provides testing of calls.
• It checks whether fault is indoor or external.

12. Structure OfMDF

13. POWER PLANT
As we know that, the power is the main source of any
organization. The first requirement of any organization is
the input.
The main source of this exchange is ACsupply.
The main part of power room are:-
1. Batteries for providing 48V supply
2. UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)
3. Charging - Discharging Unit
4. Inverter and Converter Unit

14. Various Internet Services
LEASED LINES
• The information sent through the leased line travels along dedicated secure
channels, eliminating the congestion that occurs in shared networks.
• It is commonly used inATMs.
WI-FI (WIRELESS FIDELITY)
• AWi-Fi network provides the features and benefits of traditional LAN technologies
such as Ethernet
• WIFI is a wireless LAN Technology to deliver wireless broad band speeds up to 54
Mbps to Laptops, PCs Wi-Fi enabled phones etc.

15. BSNL Broadband Service
Broadband refers to a connection that has capacity to transmit
large amount of data at high speed. Presently a connection
having download speeds of 256 kbps or more is classified as
broadband. When connected to the Internet broadband
connection allows surfing or downloading much faster than a
dial-up or any other narrowband connections. BSNL offers 2
Mbps minimum download speed for its Broadband
connections.

16. WIMAX
WI-MAX is an acronym that stands for World-wide
Interoperability for Microwave Access and this technology is
designed to accommodate both fixed and mobile broadband
applications.
FTTH
• FTTH is an acronym which stands for Fiber To The Home.
• In this technology an optical fiber of high bandwidth and
frequency is connected to the local residence of the user to
provide high speed internet facility upto higher mbps to gbps.
• This facility is first launched by BSNL in India.

17. FIBER OPTICS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
FIBER OPTICS: The use and demand for optical fiber has grown
tremendously and optical-fiber applications are numerous.
Telecommunication applications are widespread, ranging from global
networks to desktop computers. These involve the transmission of voice,
data, or video over distances of less than a meter to hundreds of kilometers,
using one of a few standard fiber designs in one of several cable designs.
ADVANTAGES OF FIBRE OPTICS :
Fiber Optics has the following advantages :
•SPEED: Fiber optic networks operate at high speeds - up into the gigabits
•BANDWIDTH: large carrying capacity
•DISTANCE: Signals can be transmitted further without needing to be
"refreshed" or strengthened.
•RESISTANCE: Greater resistance to electromagnetic noise such as radios,
motors or other nearby cables.
• MAINTENANCE: Fiber optic cables costs much less to maintain.

18. •MS refers to the physical
phone itself uniquely
identified by the International
Mobile Equipment Identity
(IMEI) number.
•SIM(Subsciber Identification
Module) is small smart card
that is inserted into the phone
and carries information
specific to the subscriber
identified by International
Mobile Subscriber Identity
(IMSI) number.

19. •It carry out radio communications
between the network and the MS.
•It handles speech encoding,
encryption, multiplexing ,and
responsible for modulation and
demodulation.
•Installed between1and16Transceivers
(TRX)

20. •It is responsible for allocation of
radio channels.
•Operates frequency administration
•Power and signal measurements
from the Mobile Station.
•Handovers from one BTStoanother.

21. •It is responsible for call routing,
call setup, and basic switching
functions.
•Different BSCs are connected tothe
MSC.
•Inner-BSC handoffs aswell as
coordinates with other MSC's for
inter - MSChandoffs.