An insight On observation Skills

2. What is observation ?
Observation is getting information, about
objects, events, moves and attitudes using one or
more senses.

3. Observation
EXAMPLE

4. Types of observation
 Scientific observation
 Natural observation
 Subjective and objective observation
 Direct and indirect observation

5. Scientific observation
The process of analyzing, applying and learning, alternatively it can also be defined as the
act of attentive watching, or noticing of a situation.
Natural observation
It directly assesses the setting of a program, its activities, and individuals who participate
in the activities.
Subjective and objective observation
Subjective: Uses observers personal "views" to draw inference.. for example ,"I'm a very tall
person“, is subjective
Objective: Uses proven facts to draw inference .. for example " I am exactly 5 foot 5 inches
tall" is objective.
Direct and indirect observation
Direct is when you actually see it out of your own eyes .
Indirect observation is when you see it in a newspaper magazine tv etc ,

6. OBSERVATIONS
Advantages Disadvantages
 Most direct measure of
behavior
 Provide direct information
 Easy to complete & saves time
 Can be used in natural or
experimental setting
 May require training
 Observer’s presence may
create artificial situation
 Potential for biasness.
 Potential for
misinterpretation

7. Recording your observations
It is not good enough to just observe , you need to record
your observations.
You might use :
 Observation guide
 Recording sheet
 Checklist
 Field note
 Pictures
 Combinations of the above

8. Who observes you ?
 Observation of parents / spouse at home
 Teachers in college
 Observation by your boss/ colleagues/subordinate
 Friends at parties
 People in your environment

9. What are you observing ?
-Self and client
IN yourself IN your client
 Body language
 Emotions
 Facial expression
 Body language – posture ,
position changes, hand
gestures.

10. What is a Question ?
A question may be either a linguistic expression used to
make a request for information , or else the request
itself made by such an expression. This information
may be provided with an answer.

11. Why do we ask question ?
 T o clarify doubts.
 To gather more information.
 To understand whether the respondent has
understood what is being told.
 To conform whether what we have heard is correct or
not.

12. Types of Questions
 Open and closed questions
 Funnel questions
 Probing questions
 Leading questions

13. AUDIENCE CHOICE-
VIDEO OR SLIDES.

14. Close ended questions are:
 What is your age ?
 Have you completed your homework?
 Are you thirsty ?
 Did you participate in the inter college quiz
competition ?

15. Open Ended questions are
 What happened at the meeting ?
 Why did he react that way ?
 How was the party ?
 Tell me what happened next.
 Describe the circumstances in more detail.

16. Funnel questions
This type of questioning involves inquiring further
information into a specific subject by asking general
questions first, then homing in at the subject at hand.
Usually open-ended questions are used to create a
narrative with general information like "why" or "how“.
Probing questions
Probing question are those queries which seek to find
more information about a person by digging dipper.
Leading questions
A leading question is one that will force the person to

17. How to ask Questions??
 Avoid asking questions that can be answered simply
with “yes” or “no “.
 Instead, consider questions that start with “What,”
“How??,” “ When??” and “Where??”.
 Avoid leading questions. Those questions can be
perceived by the other as manipulative and dishonest.
 Avoid frequently asking questions that begin with
“why??”.

18. Question Techniques
 Learning - process of acquiring knowledge
 Relationship building
 Managing and coaching
 Avoiding misunderstandings

19. METHODS OF ELICITING RESPONSE
This is a technique in which the speaker tries to bring
out the response from the audience.
Types of responses we can get –
1) Positive
2) Negative

20. FEATURES
 It’s a 2 way process
 Response comes from the side of the receiver
 The type of response up to a large extent is chosen by
the speaker

21. EXAMPLE
 If you want to solve a heated situation in a calm
manner then get relaxed, sit calmly and start talking in
a normal manner, this will have a slowly relaxed
response from the person.