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1. Internal assessment Sub : Science
By Atif Ameen
Bal Bharati Public School
Topic: Air Pollution and Water
Pollution

2. What is the most Polluted City in INDIA
• In INDIA the most polluted city is Delhi
What is the main causes of air pollution in Delhi
Year after year Delhi starts choking around the month of
October-November owing to the rise in air pollution. This
year is no different with AQI already entering the severe
category with no respite in sight. The government seems
to wake up only after the situation has gone out of
control. The whole debate around weather is very
seasonal and has very little significance when it comes to
tackling a very serious problem of bad air in the capital.
Let’s try and understand what actually contributes to the
pollution in Delhi. How much of it is its own contribution?
What are the other factors and road ahead for Delhi?
The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) has come
up with a study which focuses on the main factors which
contributed to the rise in air pollution in Delhi.
According to the study, much of the pollution between
October 21 to 26 from within the city was caused by
vehicular emissions. CSE’s analysis of data from October
21 to 26 found that of the local sources of pollution,
vehicular emissions may have contributed around 51 per
cent to the PM2.5 levels in Delhi. The analysis also found
that Delhi’s local sources caused around 32.9 per cent of
the pollution in the city.

3. The Problems people and live stock
suffer due to the high pollution
• What is Livestock problem due to the pollution?
 Pollution has become a key adversary of all life forms on earth, from microplastics posing
existential threat to marine organisms, to the smoky hue that envelops India’s capital Delhi every
year, the consequences of pollution is being felt globally. In today’s world, pollution is a major
talking point among the countries, still there is a paucity of work done on its effect on livestock in
specific. Livestock being considered only for economic returns, not much is taken into
consideration when it comes to pollution. In terms of the ecosystem, it’s important to note that
many of these animals are a part of the food chain. If they are inhaling toxins or drinking
contaminated water, humans can become exposed by eating their meat and eggs, or drinking their
milk. There are many types of pollution – the study of air, water, land, noise and radiation pollution
requires special mention in the context of domestic animals.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON LIVESTOCK
The effect of pollution on livestock may be:
Direct e.g., health hazards, irritation, behavioural changes etc.
Indirect e.g., climate change which in turn will affect animals.

4. How does the people suffer due to
the high Pollution
• From smog hanging over cities to smoke inside
the home, air pollution poses a major threat
to health and climate. Ambient (outdoor) air
pollution in both cities and rural areas is
causing fine particulate matter which result
in strokes, heart diseases, lung cancer, acute
and chronic respiratory diseases.

5. The ways and methods the civil authorities
are taking to reduce the pollution in Delhi
• POLLUTION CHECKING BY TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT:
• Mobile enforcement teams are being deployed on regular basis at road locations for prosecution of polluting vehicles and
vehicles not having PUC Certificates.
• PUBLIC AWARENESS:
• Public awareness campaigns are conducted to raise social consciousness on the issue and educate motorists about the
health hazards, statutory provisions and control measures viz. engine tuning and maintenance.
• CATALYTIC CONVERTERS:
• Since April 1995, only those 4-wheeled petrol driven vehicles are registered on first sale in Delhi , which are fitted with
Catalytic Converters.
• MASS RAPID TRANSPORT SYSTEM:
• Mass Rapid Transport System is being constructed with the objective to place a non-polluting, efficient and affordable rail
based mass rapid transit system for NCT of Delhi, duly integrated with other modes of transport.
• PHASING OUT OF OLD COMMERCIAL VEHICLES:
• With a view to reduce vehicular pollution in Delhi Hon'ble Supreme Court vide its orders in CWP No. 13029 of 1985 has
banned the plying of following categories of vehicles in Delhi: -
More than 15 years old commercial/ transport vehicles. Autos & Taxis driven on conventional fuels. Diesel driven city buses.
• Transport Department is ensuring the effective compliance of these directions through its enforcement teams. The Govt. of
Delhi has provided fiscal incentives by way of sales tax exemption and interest subsidy on loans for purchase of new
replacement vehicles.

6. All this is about air pollution . But, now we
were talking about polluted water body
Which is the most polluted river in INDIA?
• Yamuna, tributary of the Ganges
• The Ganges has become a big waste dump over which animals and human
bodies are incinerated, and thousands upon thousands of pilgrims bathe
to cleanse their sins. One of its tributaries, the Yamuna, is the most
polluted urban river in the world.
Why does the Ganga is so polluted?
• The main causes of water pollution in the Ganges river are the disposal of
human sewage and animal waste, increasing population density, and
disposal of industrial waste into the river.

7. The ways and methods the civil authorities are
taking to reduce the pollution in Ganga River
 There is some point Directive to Clean Ganga
• According to the directive, a fine of Rs. 50,000 would be imposed if immersion of idols took place in the
Ganga or its tributaries during festivals, including Dusehra, Diwali, Chhath and Saraswati Puja
• According to NMCG officials, the large-scale immersion of idols and puja material in the Ganga and its
tributaries during festive occasions led to an alarming rise in pollutants in the river.
• The directive has been sent to officials of these 11 states namely- Uttarakhand, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand,
West Bengal, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.
• The Chief Secretaries of these 11 states have also been asked to submit an action taken
report within seven days from the end of each festival.
• These directives were issued by NMCG under Section-5 of the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986.
• Ganga is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through India and Bangladesh. It is the longest river
in India and is a lifeline to millions of people who live along its course.
• National River Ganga Basin Authority (NRGBA)’ was formed by the Central Government of India in the
year 2009 under Section-3 of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It is chaired by the Prime Minister of India.

8. Thank you !
• Class teacher – JohnsonVarghese
• Made By Atif Ameen
• Class-9th A
• Tool used for this
-Microsoft PowerPoint 2007
-Google Chrome