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Tx history 21.1
1. Chapter 21: The Cattle Kingdom
Section 1: Early Cattle Ranching
2. Spanish Beginnings
• 1500s: Spanish had ranches firmly
established in Mexico
• 1700s: Cattle moved northward to
support missions in Rio Grande & San
Antonio River Valleys
• Good climate & water supply
3. Spanish Beginnings
• First Texas Ranchers: Tejanos who
brought knowledge of ranching
from Mexico
• Brands—marks that made it
possible to determine who owned
Texas cattle
4.
5.
6.
7. Spanish Beginnings
• Cattle drives—herding groups of cattle
to market
• Cattle driven from South of Rio Grande
to supply Spanish military outposts
• Driven from SE Texas to Louisiana
8. Spanish Beginnings
• Ranching spreads:
– East TX: near markets in New
Orleans
– Central/South TX: rich prairies &
moderate climates
11. The Texas Longhorns
• Longhorn—a
cross
between
Spanish &
English
cattle
BEVO—it’s what’s
for dinner!
12. The Texas Longhorns
• Strengths:
– Thrived on native grasses
– Could endure hot/cold
– Could eat prickly pear and survive on little
water
– Resistant to Texas Fever
13. The Texas Longhorns
• “8 pounds of
hamburger on
800 pounds of
bone and horn.”
• Horns provided
protection
14.
15. The Texas Longhorns
• Texas cattle grew during
the Civil War because
Union blockades made it
difficult to move cattle
out of state