Slides produced for a workshop on measures to use to protect your computer and system security. By Computer Troubleshooters, Dayton, Ohio. February 15, 2014

1. Practical Tips You Can Use to Protect Your Identity, Your
Computer and Your Network from Attack
www.CTDayton.com

2. Home PC Security Part I

3. 




Your kids use your computer
You travel with your computer and use WiFi
Personal & financial information are on your
computer
Business files are on your computer
Family pictures and videos are on your
computer
What would happen if your computer
was gone tomorrow?

4. What is Cyber-Security?
What is Cyber-Crime?
Protecting your computer,
your network, and your
information from at-home
and online threats
Any crime conducted via
the Internet to cause
damage and/or steal
personal information

5. 
Why do hackers hack?
 Lot’s of money to be stolen
 To collect information!
 Information used to directly
steal money, and identity theft

Why attack the home computer?
 Home computer = information!
 Least secure in general
 Unwary users

6. 
Hardware
 Unsecured Wi-Fi (think Panera)
 No Router
 Router with default password

Software





No anti-virus/anti-spyware
No Firewall
Old virus definitions
Out of date Windows O.S.
Personal Behavior





Failure to use strong passwords
Clicking on unsafe links or emails
Downloading questionable files
Leaving computer logged on
Leaving your computer accessible

7. Virus Type
Impact
Solution
Cash Cost
Minor Virus
Lose some data
2- 4 hours
Use installed
anti-virus
$75-100
Major Virus
Loss of docs
5-10 hours
Use service to $100-$130
remove
Catastrophic Loss of ALL data
Virus
& photos
15+ hours
Use service to $150-175
wipe & reload
entire system
What is YOUR time worth? $25, $50 $75?

8. Home PC Security Part II

9. Conceal
Router
Deny
1
Anti-Malware
Filter
2
3
Detect
Decide
4
.
Web Filter
Firewall
5 6
.
SPAM Filter
Passwords
.
You!
Backup
YOUR INFO!

11. Closes and locks “open
doors”
• Keeps intruders and
unknowns out
• Allows the recognized
& trusted in
• Not perfect, Cybercriminals exploit trusted
doors
• May block desired sites
•

12. 
Access Router via your web
browser

Enter your Routers IP Address

Enter the default username &
password

Find administration settings

Select Change/Reset Password
Tip: Default Usernames/Passwords for most routers can be found at
this web site: http://portforward.com/default_username_password

13. 
Rule #1
 Always require a password to access your computer

Why?
 Prevents unauthorized access
 Provides a first line of defense
 Prevents easy access from a
network
TIP: Set up the automatic lockout for when you
leave your computer that requires a password. A
good timeout value is 5 to 10 minutes.

14. 


ALWAYS Password protect
your computer
Lock you cell phone
Use strong passwords –
 12 characters, letters, numbers and symbols
 Use a “coded” phrase you can remember



Do not store passwords electronically
Do not write them down
Use password vault plugin such as “Lastpass”

15. 
Encryption makes files and data unreadable to
anyone that does not have the encryption key

You can encrypt:
 Entire Computer
 A Disk Volume
 Files & Folders

Protects against theft and unauthorized access

16. 




SPAM Filters
Keeps out email from
unknown senders
Catches majority of
SPAM
Catches non-SPAM
Allows known email
SPAM Filters aren’t
perfect!





WEB Filters
Prohibits bad websites
Pre-examines website
content and warns you
Catches good websites
Allows known
websites
Web filters aren’t
perfect!

17. Anti-Virus & AntiMalware Programs
• Scans email,
attachments files, &
downloads
• Detects threats and
Removes them
• Not perfect, does not
detect everything,
cannot remove all
threats
•

18. Home PC Security Part III
You are the last line of defense
After all the layers of protection,
you are the decision maker
Educate yourself, Google it!
When in doubt DENY !!!

19. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxDm_sKhIBM

20. Home PC Security Part III

21. Type
Source
Purpose
Protection
Virus
Email
Ads
Links
Warnings
Updates
Malicious attack
Disable your computer
Destroy your data
Anti-virus software
Firewall software
Firewall hardware
Data back-up
Phishing
Email
Website
Steal Identity or money
Surfing behavior
Adware
Ads
Virus delivery, steal
information
Good practices
Steal personal
information
Anti-spyware & firewall
software
Spyware
Tip: Have both Anti-Virus AND Anti-Spyware installed on your computer..
But DO NOT install two anti-virus programs.

22. 
These scams will come in the form of:
 Email




(phishing)
Website
(pharming)
Phone Call
(vishing)
Text Message
(smishing)
A Combination of These

23. 
Similar variations on a theme

Identity Theft is their goal
 May direct you to call a number to “unlock” or “reactivate” your
account by entering personal info
 May direct you to a website to enter personal info
Tip: If you don’t see a “padlock” symbol or “https” on your
browser address bar, the site is not secure for personal or private
information. Don’t enter any!

24. 
Requests personal information?

Contains grammatical errors or
misspellings?

How do they address you?

Is it too good to be true?

Have you checked the link?
Tip:
You can “Mouse Over” a link and check a website
Does the website URL look legitimate?
Tip: Legitimate companies will NEVER ask you for personal or confidential
information via email, a website, telephone, or text message.

25.  Beware of search engine results
 Do not download unknown or
free software
 “Unclick”/DECLINE any
OPTIONAL Downloads or
Toolbars
 Use Sucuri Site Check
http://sitecheck.sucuri.net/
Tip: When installing programs pay attention to
installation options. They make you think you’re
declining, but you’re approving!

26. Tip: Don’t use your browser to store passwords, not secure.

27. 


Do NOT friend, link, or message people you don’t know
Do not allow untrusted applications to access your account
Do not click on posted videos
NEVER POST
• You or your family’s full birthdates or
places of birth
• Your mother’s maiden name
• The names of young family members
• Your relationship status

28. NEVER POST
 Your vacation plans
 Your home address
 Your current location
 That your home alone
 Pictures of kids/grandkids
tagged with their names
 A description of your home

29. Home PC Security Part IV

30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGtq_el4p_8

31. 



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Boots very slowly or hangs up
Responds slowly, crashes
Programs won’t run or crash
Popups, website redirection
Broken antivirus or security
Tip: You can “right click” on the task bar and select the “Task
Manager” to see the memory and CPU usage that is currently
taking place on your computer. Should not be constantly 100%.

32. Tip:
A foolproof way to keep a
virus from stealing your
personal info - disconnect
the network cable or turn
off the Wi-Fi. THEN take
action.

33. 
Anti-virus can’t remove it

Computer is not unusable

Your files are missing

You must manually edit Windows

Your not absolutely sure your actions
won’t make matters worse!

34. Home PC Security Part V

35. 
External Hard Drive Backup
 Windows Backup
 Time Machine (Mac)

Cloud Backup
 Carbonite
 CrashPlan

File Sync Service
(not really a backup)
 Dropbox
 Google Drive
REGULAR BACKUP
JUST DO IT.

37. Overwrites Current File
Keeps Current File
Keeps Current File &
Adds File from Backup

38. 

Backup saves/restores just YOUR data files
Backup also creates a separate system image
for restoring programs & Windows
 Overwrites EVERYTHING when restored
 Can only be used if the system repair disk was
created

39. 
Prevention begins and ends with you

Never use pirate websites for apps, music,
movies or games (e.g. www.piratebay.com)
 Loaded with adware/spyware/viruses
 Opening these will infect your computer
 Much of these sites content is illegal

40. R eceived Before?
I nside Links?
S ensible Message?
K now sender?
This email link
delivers a Trojan
Virus right to your
computer

41. S ource of file?
T ype & size of file?
O thers recommend?
P repared to scan?
This is a fake anti-virus program. Once loaded it
claims your computer is infected and directs you to a
website to buy the program via credit card.

42. 
Only login or send personal information to
websites you know are encrypted

A website is encrypted when you see a “lock”
symbol or https://

Beware of websites using encryption only on the
login page

43. 
Don't stay signed in to accounts
 When you are done, log out
Don’t do sensitive business on public WiFi
 Don’t use the same password, vary it
e.g. H1T0w3r! / P@$$w0rd!! / !P@inT3r!
 Keep your browser(s) and plug-ins up-to-date
 Keep Windows up to date


44. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Regularly Backup of your files and data
Use a Router, it hides your computer/network
Make sure the Windows Firewall is enabled
Use strong passwords on your Router and Computer
Use anti-virus/anti-spyware to detect/remove
malware
And, practice safe surfing: if you aren’t sure, don’t click!
Tip: By protecting your computer, hackers and Internet
criminals “move on” to easier targets. Stay vigilant!

45. Hardware or
Software
Cost of
Required
Suggested Source
Router
$50
Various – Netgear, Linksys, Belcan, et. Al.
Cloud drive backup
or
External Hard Drive
$60/year
or
$75 once
Carbonite - www.carbonite.com
or
Windows Backup Software
Anti-Virus
$40/year
AVG Antivirus – www.avg.com
Firewall
$0
Windows Firewall
Anti-Spyware
$0
Malwarebytes – www.malwarebytes.org
Anti-spam
$0
Built in to Apple Mail & Outlook, need setup
Password vault
$0
Great, but dangerous - Lastpass
Total cost
$150 -$165
Do it yourself cost
(Complete packages, installation, and training

46. www.CTDayton.com
(937) 458-2000
www.CTDayton.com
cbrust@comptroub.com