2. BIOLOGIC GROWTH
Average weight of 6years: 116cm
Weight: 21kg
Average weight of 12kg: 150cm
Weight: 40kg
Body proportion: long legged
3. FACIAL CHANGES
The skull and brain grow very slowly during this
period and increases little in size.
All of the primary deciduous teeth are lost during this
age span middle childhood is sometimes known as the
age of loose teeth.
The early years of middle childhood when the new
secondary( permanent) teeth appear too large for the
face are known as the ugly duckling stage.
4. MATURATION OF SYSTEMS
Gastrointestinal: better maintenance of blood glucose
levels and an increased stomach capacity, which
permit of retention of food for longer period.
Bladder capacity although differing widely among
individual children, is generally greater in girls than in
boys.
5. Cardiovascular: RR and PR decreased, BP increases.
Immune system: becomes more competent in its
ability to localize infections and to produce an
antibody- antigen response
Musculo skeletal system: bones continue to ossify
throughout childhood.
Nervous system: by 10years it is matured.
Sensory: 20/20
8. GROSS MOTOR
Rides bicycle without
training wheels
Runs, jumps, climbs,
hops
Constantly in motion
Clumsy and awkward
Co- ordination
improving
9. FINE MOTOR
Knows right from left hand
Draws a person with 12-
16parts
Print words, learn cursive
writing
Eye- hand coordination
improved.
10. SELF CARE
6years- more talkative,
interesting to at beginning of
meal
7years: improved table
manners, less talkative
Needs to be reminded to
wash hands
Need some help with dressing
Wears whatever selected by
parents
Leaves clothes where ever
they are removed
Can brush and comb hair.
11. Sensory: 20/20
Psychosicial:
Sense of industry vs inferiority
Continues to be egocentric, bossy
Has a “know it all” attitude
Craves attention
Insists on being first in everything
Return of tempem tantrums- may use verbal, physical
attack
Uses tensional releases: wiggling, chewing on hair,
nose picking
Has good days and bad days
12. CONTD..
Wants other children to play
with
Jeolous of siblings
Fears injury to body
Psychosexual: latency stage
Spiritual: mythical- literal
faith
13. INTELLECTUAL
Preoperational thought:
Attention span increases
Can describe objects in picture
Can see differences more than similarities
Can tell time
Knows date, month and season
Follows rules to avoid punishment
Takes small objects from others
15. RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE
Follows series of 3 commands, response dependent on mood
Responds to praise and recognition
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE
Can repeat sentences of 10- 12 words
Has a vocabulary of 2500 words
Uses all forms of sentence structure
knows number combinations up to 10
Develops a sense of humour; enjoys telling jokes.
16. PLAY STIMULATION
Likes rough and tumble play
Loves active play
Prefers group play
Adult’s influence still present
Provide table games, board games for competitive
and team play
motor activity play : bicycles, jump ropes, punching
bags, roller skates, balls/bats
Creative play: puppets, dolls, paints, crayons,
drawing materials, clay, musical instruments
Quite play: books, puzzles, records, tapes
19. GROSS MOTOR
Performs tricks on bicycles,
races
Begins to participate in
organized sports like basket
ball etc
Throws ball skillfully,
overhand and underhand
20. FINE MOTOR
Uses both hands
independently
Draws a person with 18- 20
parts
Has increased smoothness
and speed in fine motor
control
Cursive writing improved.
22. Visual acuity: 20/20
Psychosocial:
Sense of industry
Ready for anything
Curious about everything
Concerned about relationships with others
Becoming peer-oriented
Easy to get along with at home
Considers peer opinions more important than parents
Enjoys running errands, helping when mother is busy
23. Psychosexual
Latency stage
Spiritual: mythical- literal faith
Intellectual: “concreate operational thought”:
Learns to understand and use abstract symbols and
carries out mental operations
Shows interest in causal relationship
Understands explanations and tries to follow through.
24. CONTD..
Ashamed of failures
Interested in schoolwork
Memory span increasing
Makes alibis for own faults
26. RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE
Follows suggestions better than comands
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE
is gregarious
Begins to use shorter and more compact sentenses
27. PLAY STIMULATION
Prefers companionship in play
Likes to compete
Continues to require supervision in play- fights
may occur
Enjoys dramatic play
Continues collections- hobbies begin to develop
Enjoys making things
32. SELF CARE
Criticizes table manners of parents
May wear some clothes continually
Leaves clothes where they fall
Enjoys wearing current style of dress
Needs constant reminding of personal
hygiene
Bathes frequently.
33. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
(ERIKSON)
Industry vs Inferiority
Respects parents and their role
Has short burst of anger
Able to control anger
Joins groups- formal and informal
Still fears the dark
Knows about sexual intercourse
34. CONTD..
Interested in learning how to do things
well.
Sense of inferiority: when the reward
structure is based on evidence of
mastery, children who are incapable of
developing these skills are at risk for
feeling inadequate and inferior.
35. Psychosexual
Latency stage
Spiritual: mythical- literal faith
Intellectual: “formal operational thought”:
Develops abstract and deductive reasoning
Uses problem- solving method
Can define abstract terms
Interested in the “why” and “how”
36. CONTD..
Collects facts for future use
Begins to think about vocation
Preoccupied with right and wrong
Moral:
Conventional morality
37. RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE
Follows suggestions better than requests; is obediant
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE
Oral vocabulary of 7200 words, reading vocabulary of
50,000 words
Uses parts of speech correctly
Able to give precise, dictionary definition of words
Uses numbers beyond 100 with meaning
