Database normalization

2. Database Normalization
Arun .R. Menon
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3. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

4. Database Normalization
• What is normalization?
• Need of normalization ?

5. What is normalization?
• Database normalization is the process of
organizing the fields and tables of a relational
database.
• It is a multi-step process that puts data into
tabular form and linking data using relation
tables.

6. Need of normalization ?
• Avoid redundancy.
• Increase performance
• Easy Updating
• Accuracy

7. • Advantages
– Reduce redundancy
– Easy data updation
– Reduce errors
• Disadvantages
– Increase number of tables
– Complexity increases

8. First Normal Form (1NF)
• A relation is said to be in 1NF if ,
all attributes contain atomic values.

9. candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}
Primary key {int_id}

10. Second Normal Form(2NF)
• A table is in 2nf if
– It is in 1nf
– Every non prime attribute must dependent on the
the entire primary key.

11. candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}
Primary key {int_id}
candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}

12. Third Normal Form(3NF)
• A table is in 3NF if
– It is in 2NF
– No attributes is transitively dependent to primary
key

13. Primary key {pk_int_stu_id}
Primary key {pk_int_stu_id}
Primary key {pk_int_zip_id}

14. • Online Exam Management System
• Users:
• Admin
• Student
• Admin
• Login
• View Profile
• Edit Profile
• Facility to manage student
• Facility to manage exam
• Student
• Attend exams
• View mark

15. • tbl_user
• tbl_user_role
• tbl_log
• tbl_user_details
• tbl_subject
• tbl_exam
• tbl_question
• tbl_options
• tbl_answer
• tbl_exam_details

16. Tbl_user
Tbl_user_roles
Tbl_log
Tbl_user_details
Tbl_subject

17. tbl_exam
tbl_question
tbl_options
tbl_answer
tbl_exam_details

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