2. Prehistory 1/4
• Remains of Mongolia’s
earliest inhabitants
have been uncovered
by archeological digs
in the Gobi and other
regions dating back
nearly 750,000 years.
3. Prehistory 2/4
209 BC
In the second
millennium B.C the
nomadic tribe, known
as the Hunnu,
founded the first
powerful Empire in
northeastern Asia
and Shanui (meaning
King) governed it.
4. Prehistory 3/4
• 213 BC Great Wall in China was built
• 2nd-4th century AD Xiang-bi state
• 555 Turkish wins Joujan
• 745 Uigar state established
• 10th Century AD Kidan state
• 10th-12th century AD various tribes of Mongolian origin
lived in a vast area of land stretching from the great Gobi
desert in the south to Lake Baikal in the north
• 1162 Birth of Chinggis Khaan
• 1206 At Ikh Khuraldai Chinggis Khaan, the Leader of “All the
people who live in a felt Ger” and who finally ended up the
disintegration of 12th century Mongolia, founded the
“Great Mongolian State”
5. Prehistory 4/4
• 1207-1226
Chinggis
Khaan
conquered the
half the world
establishing
the “Great
Mongolian
Empire” (13th
– 14th century)
6. History
• 1921 The People’s Republic of Mongolia was
proclaimed after the victory of Mongolian
People’s Revolution and since 1924 Mongolia
had been the world’s second communist
country.
• 1962 Mongolia became a member state of
the United Nations
• 1992 First parliamentary election, and new
constitution
7. Climate
• Hot summers and cold winters. Average summer
temperature +20C, average winter temperature -23C,
average rainfall 200-220 mm per annum, the sun
shines for over 200 days a year. Winter lasts from
November to late February, spring from March to May,
and summer from June to September.
9. Geography
• Territory: 1.564.100 sq km, 19th and the most sparsely
populated independent largest country in the world
• Population: 2.754.314 people with density of 1.8 person/sq
km
• Geographic position: Mongolia lies in Central Asia and
borders with Russia and China.
• Average altitude: 1.580 m above sea level
• Landscapes: Semi-desert and plains, mountains in the west
and southwest, Gobi desert in the south and southeast, taiga
forests and lakes in the north.
12. Capital City
• Like nearly one half of the
Mongolian population, the
capital city of Ulaanbaatar
is herself a nomad. The city
has changed locations
more than twenty times
over the past 350 years
before taking root in her
current location in a
sweeping valley bounded
by four sacred peaks,
including Bogd Khan
mountain to the south.
13. About tourism 1/3
• HORSE AND CAMEL RIDING
Horse and camel riding in Mongolia range from
easy day trips with guides, to multi-week solo
adventures deep in the mountains wild steppes
and Gobi deserts.
14. About tourism 2/3
• WALKING & HIKING
Hiking vacations and trekking holidays in the most
remote and beautiful parts of Mongolia. Mongolian
hiking adventures offer you to experience the
culture and untouched landscapes on foot.
15. About tourism 3/3
• WILDLIFE & BIRD WATCHING
• Some people are drawn to
Mongolia for its history, some for
its rich cultural traditions. But for
many, it is the country’s
abundant biodiversity that makes
Mongolia truly unique among
world destinations. Home to a
huge variety of mammals, birds,
fish, reptiles, and plants, the
country lays claim to some
impressive facts about its flora
and fauna.
17. About Mongolian Adventure Sport
Tourism
• Mongolia is one of the upcoming places to
visit for adventure sports tourism. The
attractions and adventure activities for
tourists in Mongolia closely relate to the
unique natural environment, historic
features and its cultural heritage.
• Nature and wildlife adventure travel trips
are growing in popularity. Example:
Whitewater rafting and game fishing,
hiking and trekking in the mountains,
horse riding and camel trekking, mountain
biking, on the long Rivers you can Canoe
and Kayak, jeep trip, snow sport and
photography. Mongolia can offer a wide
variety of exciting natural and wildlife
adventures.
18. Canoeing, Kayaking and Whitewater
Rafting in Mongolia
The Kherlen River in eastern
Mongolia is one of the biggest rivers;
it is suitable for paddlers of any
ability. Over in the western Altai
region, the steep mountain
escarpments and valleys are home to
many white water rivers that are
suitable for adventure trips by Canoe,
Kayak and Raft. The rivers flow
through lush pine and larch forests
while tumbling over rocks and
through eddies. Mention rafting in
this area and there is plenty of
opportunity to set the hearts of
experienced paddlers racing.
19. Climbing Altai Tavan Bogd Mountain
Most mountaineers who visit Mongolia go to the western
region. The Mongol Altai range is the highest mountain range
with many glacier topped peaks between 3000m and 4300m.
The Altai region has beautiful clean mountain rivers along
with amazing wildlife, such as; Blue Sheep - Argali, Ibex, Snow
leopard, Golden Eagles and many other birds. The name Altai
Tavan Bogd (Five Holy Peaks of Altai) is given to a cluster of
five dramatic glaciated peaks. The highest Mountain in
Mongolia is Khuiten peak at 4374m.
20. Mountain Bike in Mongolia
The amazing variety of landscapes and roads in Mongolia are
a Mountain Bikers paradise. Although, because of the real
nature of the Mongolian wilderness, mountain bikers should
have some technical experience. You can travel with or
without you own bikes. There are challenging routes all over
Mongolia, but especially in the northern Bulgan province or
the Khan Khentii National Park, which lies northeast of
Ulaanbaatar.
21. Horse Trekking and Hiking the
mountains
The Mongolian North is home to
Lake Khovsgol – The Blue Pearl of
Mongolia. Horse trekking through
the colourful valleys towards the
most beautiful lake of Khovsgol is
a special journey. Trekking in this
way, you can visit local families of
many different minority groups
allowing you to experience and
explore their lifestyle and customs
as well as the possibility of
exchanging conversations with a
Tsaatan family.
22. Fishing in Mongolia
Fishing in Mongolia is one of the
more famous adventure sports
Mongolia has to offer. Many of our
larger rivers are home to the
Taimen (Hucho Taimen) the world’s
largest Salmonidae. Taimen can
reach up to 100 kg and reach over
2m long. The fly fisherman's real
treasure lies in the unbelievable
clear, easy wading waters with
incredible, nearly untouched
wilderness with amazing mountains
and vast valleys.
24. EVENTS
• Yak Festival
• "Tengeriin Tsadig" the circus artistic performance of horseback
battle.
• Tsaatan Festival
• Naadam Festival
• Mongolian National Costum Festival
• "Following in the Footsteps of Genghis Khan" Horse Trekking Tour
• The Mongolia Bike Challenge
• The Grand Orchestra of the Mongolian National Song and Dance
• Mongolia Tour Chess Master Cup-2011
• Golden Naadam
• Ceremony of Summoning Spirits of the Great Chinggis Khaan’s
Imperial Guards
• The Nomads Day Festival
• Gobi Marathon
• Golden Eagle Festival
25. Yak festival
In Mongolia, the yak plays an important part in
supporting local livelihoods. Yaks are used to
transport people and cargo; warm clothes are
made from their wool; their milk and meat provide
food; and even their dung is used for fuel.
26. Tsaatan festival
• Event Date: 6-7 July
• Venue: Khatgal sum “Dalai Tour” tourist ger camp
Khuvsgul National Park, Khuvsgul province
• "Tsaatan festival"- it’s mean Reindeer festival It provides
great opportunity to see Tsaatan people’s ancestral
culture,
27. Mongolian National Costum festival
• Event Date: 8 July
• Venue: Gorkhi Terelj National Park Tuv
province
• Mongolian National Costume is a bright
example of culture that introduces foreign
guests and tourists to the marvels of national
costumes and folk performances in the
country.
28. Golden Eagle festival
• Event date: 1-2 October
• Venue: Bayan-Ulgii province
Mongolia
• This annual festival, which
celebrates the Golden Eagle as
well as the hunters' traditional
culture, is arranged by the
local Kazakh community and
members of the Berkut
Association, a community-
based conservation
organization.
