UKOUG TECH14

1. Reduce resource consumption and clone in
seconds your oracle virtual environment on
your laptop using linux containers and
btrfs
Bertrand Drouvot

2. About Me
Oracle DBA since 1999
OCP 9i,10g,11g
Rac certified Expert
Exadata certified implementation specialist
Blogger since 2012
@bertranddrouvot
BasketBall fan

3. Will present
Linux containers (LXC)
btfrs FileSystem
Use case to minimise resource consumption on your laptop
From an oracle DBA point of view
Use case 1: Clone a database software home to apply cpu
october on it
Use case 2: Clone a database to apply cpu october on it
Use cases 1 and 2: Without and With LXC
Use case 3: Clone a PDB
Disable COW on a subvolume (Performance reason) and Snap it

4. Will not present
In depth Linux containers (LXC)
In depth btfrs FileSystem

5. LXC
1. Linux Containers (LXC) allow running multiple isolated
Linux instances (containers) on the same host.
2. A way to isolate a group of processes from the others
on a running Linux system.
3. Resource management and resource isolation features
(Cgroups and name spaces).
4. Processes can have their own private view of the
operating system with its own process ID (PID) space,
file system structure and network interfaces.

6. LXC (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/
linux/technologies/oracle-linux-containers-
1898044.html)

7. btrfs
1. Supports large files and file systems.
2. Offers integrated volume management.
3. Has built-in RAID functionality.
4. Keeps data secure using copy-on-write (COW) and
checksumming techniques.
5. Provides writable snapshots.
6.COW comes with some advantages, but can negatively
affect performance with large files that have small random
writes. It is recommended to disable COW for database
files and virtual machine images.

8. Copy on write (COW) snapshot

9. How does it help?
We can clone in seconds (and using few disk
space):
Linux containers
Oracle software
Oracle databases (Non CDB, CDB and PDB)
Only on playground environment! (btrfs not
officially supported by oracle see 236826.1&
1601759.1)

10. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (1/7)
Let’s create a OEL 6.5 virtual machine (named lxc) using
virtualbox. This virtual machine will host our Linux containers,
oracle software and databases
Install lxc and btrfs into the virtual machine created previously

11. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (2/7)
Install a btrfs file system into the virtual machine (this file
system will receive the oracle software and databases). To do
so, add a disk to your virtualbox machine, start the machine
and launch the fs creation:

12. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (3/7)
Add a btrfs file system into the virtual machine (this file system
will receive the linux containers). To do so, add a disk to your
virtualbox machine, start the machine and launch the fs
creation:

13. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (4/7)
Create 2 btrfs subvolumes for the database software and
databases:

14. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (5/7)
Add into /etc/hosts the machine (VM) name (LXC in our case):

15. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (6/7)
Install the 12cR1 database software with:
Create a simple database with datafiles, redologs and
controlfile located into the /btrfs/databases folder:

16. Let’s setup the VM, LXC and btrfs (7/7)
Create a linux container (using oracle template) that will be the
source of all our new containers:
lxc-create --name cont_source -B btrfs --template oracle -- --
url http://public-yum.oracle.com -R 6.latest -r "perl sudo
oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall"
Look at the “-B btrfs” argument to specify that the linux
container is created on a BTRFS file system (and then would be
able to use the snapshot capability during LXC clone creation).

17. Use case 1: clone db software + install CPU October
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs
Create a snapshot of the /btrfs/u01 subvolume: btrfs su
snapshot /btrfs/u01 /btrfs/u01_patch
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs
Install CPU October 2014
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs

18. Use case 2: clone database + install CPU October
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs
Clone the database directory: btrfs su snapshot
/btrfs/databases /btrfs/databases_patch
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs
Apply the CPU on the cloned database BDTDB_CPU:
Check FS size: btrfs filesystem df /btrfs

19. Use cases 1 and 2: with LXC (1/4)
Clone the cont_source linux container machine: lxc-clone -s
-t btrfs -o cont_source -n cpu_oct
Clone the database software: btrfs su snapshot
/btrfs/u01 /btrfs/u01_cpu_oct
Clone the database directory: btrfs su snapshot
/btrfs/databases /btrfs/databases_cpu_oct
Link the cloned subvolumes to the cloned linux container FS
(so that everything match the source environment)

20. Use cases 1 and 2: with LXC (2/4)
Copy oratab, oraenv, dbhome + create mount point directory
into the linux container:
cp -p /usr/local/bin/coraenv /usr/local/bin/dbhome
/usr/local/bin/oraenv
/container/cpu_oct/rootfs/usr/local/bin
cp -p /etc/oratab /container/cpu_oct/rootfs/etc/
mkdir -p /container/cpu_oct/rootfs/btrfs/u01
mkdir -p /container/cpu_oct/rootfs/btrfs/databases
mkdir -p
/container/cpu_oct/rootfs/home/oracle/19121550
Start the cloned linux container: lxc-start -n cpu_oct

21. Use cases 1 and 2: with LXC (3/4)
Patch de database software:

22. Use cases 1 and 2: with LXC (4/4)
Patch the database:

23. With / without LXC comparison
Software cloning:
No need to create a new oratab entry with LXC (simply copy the oratab to
the LXC directory).
No need to update the cloned inventory.
Database cloning:
No need to create a new oratab entry with LXC (simply copy the oratab to
the LXC directory).
No need to recreate the control file of the duplicated database with LXC.
The config file of the cloned LXC machine just need to ensure that the cloned
subvolumes are mounted at the right location.

24. Use case 3: Duplicate a PDB
Put PDB1 in read only mode
alter pluggable database PDB1 open read only;
Generate the PDB1 xml file
alter session set container=PDB1;
exec
dbms_pdb.describe(pdb_descr_file=>’/home/oracle/pdb1.xml');
Create the btrfs clone
btrfs su snapshot /btrfs/databases/oradata/BDTPDB/PDB1
/btrfs/databases/oradata/BDTPDB/PDB2
Create and open the PDB2 PDB
create pluggable database PDB2 AS CLONE using
'/home/oracle/pdb1.xml'
source_file_name_convert=('/btrfs/databases/oradata/BDTPDB/PD
B1','/btrfs/databases/oradata/BDTPDB/PDB2') nocopy tempfile
reuse;
alter pluggable database PDB2 open;

25. Disable COW on a subvolume (Performance reason) and Snap it (1/2)
Create a new subvolume
btrfs subvolume create /btrfs/databases_cowoff
Disable COW and chown oracle:dba
chattr +C /btrfs/databases_cowoff
chown oracle:dba /btrfs/databases_cowoff
Create a new database (not cloned)
Check new database is not COW
lsattr /btrfs/databases_cowoff/oradata/COWOFF/datafile/*

26. Disable COW on a subvolume (Performance reason) and Snap it (2/2)
Create a snap
btrfs su snapshot /btrfs/databases_cowoff
/btrfs/databases_cowoff_snap
Create a cloned database
Check cloned database is not COW
lsattr /btrfs/databases_cowoff_snap/oradata/COWOFF/datafile/*

27. Questions?