LAND POLLUTION CAUSES, ITS EFFECTS AND SOLUTIONS.

1. WELCOME TO MY PRESENTATION
TOPIC: LAND POLLUTION

2. Land pollution is the destruction of the earth’s land
surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a result of human
activities and their misuse of land resources.
It occurs when waste is not disposed off properly, or can
occur when humans throw chemicals unto the soil in the
form of pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers during
agricultural practices. Exploitation of minerals (mining
activities) has also contributed to the destruction of the
earth’s surface.

3. • Since the Industrial Revolution, natural
habitats have been destroyed, and
environment have been polluted, causing
diseases in both humans and many other
species of animals.
•Human actions have also caused many large
areas of land to lose or reduce their capacity to
support life forms and ecosystems. This is
know as land degradation.

4. Types of land pollution
There are different types of land pollution
Solid Waste
Pesticides and Fertilizer
Chemicals
 Deforestation

5. • These include all the various kinds of
rubbish we make at home, school,
hospitals, market and work places.
• Things like paper, plastic containers,
bottles, cans, food and even used cars
and broken electronic goods, broken
furniture and hospital waste are all
examples of solid waste.

6. • Some of these are biodegradable (meaning they
easily decay into organic matter). Examples include
food droppings, paper products as well as
vegetation.
• Others are not biodegradable, and they include
plastics, metals and aluminium cans, broken
computer and car parts

7. •Many farming activities engage in the application of fertilizers,
pesticides and insecticides for higher crop yield. This is good because
we get more food
•But can you think of what happens to the chemicals that are used on
the crops and soils?
•Sometimes, insects and small animals are killed and bigger animals
that eat tiny animals (as in food chains) are also harmed. Finally, the
chemicals may be washed down as it rains and over time, they end up
in the water Give rise to Water Pollution.

8. •Chemical and nuclear power plants produce waste
materials that have to be stored somewhere. Fertilizer,
insecticides, pesticides, pharmaceuticals manufacturers
also produce lots of solid and liquid waste.
•In many cases they are stored in an environmentally safe
way, but there are some that find their way into landfills and
other less safe storage facilities. Sometimes they also find
their way into leaking pipes and gutters. They end up
polluting soils and making crops harmful to our health.

9. •Humans depend on trees for many things including life. Trees
absorb carbon dioxide (a green house gas) from the air and enrich
the air with Oxygen, which is needed for life. Trees provide wood
for humans and a habitat to many land animals, insects and birds.
•Trees also, help replenish soils and help retain nutrients being
washed away. Unfortunately, we have cut down millions of acres of
tree for wood, construction, farming and mining purposes, and
never planted new trees back. This is a type of land pollution.

10. Soil pollution is a form of land pollution in which the soil’s upper layer is harmed. Overuse of chemical fertilizers, soil degradation caused by running water, and other pest control measures contribute to the loss of agricultural land, forest cover, and grazing pastures, among other things.
Various Causes of Land Pollution are listed below.
•Agricultural Activities – As animal production grows, it becomes decoupled from
crop production, causing normal nutrient cycles between plants, soil, and animals to
be severely disrupted, resulting in the widespread use of synthetic herbicides,
insecticides, bactericides, and fertilizers, all of which contribute to pollution.
•Mining Activities – Mining has the potential to pollute the air and water supply,
damage biodiversity and ecosystems, and permanently alter natural landscapes.
Mining harms the ecosystem by destroying habitats, causing soil erosion, and
polluting surface water, groundwater, and soil.
•Urbanization – Intensive urbanization will exacerbate poverty by preventing local
municipalities from providing services to all residents. Increased air pollution from
concentrated energy usage has a direct effect on human health. Lead levels in urban
air are elevated as a result of automobile emissions.
•Nuclear Waste – The soil is also contaminated by radioactive waste from nuclear
research stations and nuclear power plants, as well as radioactive fallout from nuclear
explosions. Since radioactive materials have a long half-life, they can survive in the
soil for long periods of time

11. NUCLEAR WASTE.

12. MINING ACTIVITIES.

13. Land pollution can harm the human body in a variety of ways. Toxic
waste and contaminants can be ingested by people. Disposal of
hazardous radioactive wastes also contributes to land
contamination. Chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, heart
disease, and even brain damage are all long-term health
consequences.
Various Effects of Land Pollution are listed below.
Climate Change – Land contamination, such as that caused by
mining, farming, and factories, may allow harmful chemicals to
enter the soil and water. These chemicals have the potential to kill
animals and plants, destroying the food chain. Landfills emit
methane, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.

15. Distraction for Tourist: The city looses its attraction as tourist
destination as landfills do not look good when you move around
the city. It leads to loss of revenue for the state government.

16. Acid Rain – Forests, especially those at higher elevations, are
also harmed by acid rain and fog. Acid deposits deplete vital
nutrients like calcium and allow aluminum to be released into
the soil, making it difficult for trees to absorb water. Acids
also damage the leaves and needles of trees.
Deterioration of fields – A chain reaction occurs as a result
of soil contamination. It alters soil biodiversity, decreases soil
organic matter, and reduces soil’s filtering ability. It also
contaminates water contained in the soil and groundwater,
resulting in nutrient imbalances in the soil.
Respiratory health problems – Air pollution can irritate
your airways, causing shortness of breath, coughing,
wheezing, asthma attacks, and chest pain. Lung cancer, heart
attacks, strokes, and, in the worst-case scenario, premature
death are all risks associated with air pollution exposure.

17.  Like many other challenges, the best way to solve problems is
to understand it. This means learning about it (like what you
are doing now) is the greatest step forward.
People should be educated and made aware about the harmful
effects of littering. Discuss with friends and family and talk about
it…

18. The greatest prevention to land pollution is in the three ‘R's’ …
Reduce Waste, Re-use things and Recycle things. This is true even
for governments. They can also use the three ‘R’ rule to minimize
the amount of waste that ends up in landfills. After the three 'R's,
remember to turn the rest of the garbge into compost.
Reuse any items that you can. Items like clothing, bottles, wrapping
paper and shopping bags can be used over and over again, rather than
buying new things.
 Adoption of organic farming instead of using synthetic chemicals

19.  Proper disposal of industrial wastes into secured landfill
sites Proper collection, transportation and disposal of
municipal wastes.
Personal litter should be disposed properly. We can separate
household waste at home for recycling.

20. 1.Buy biodegradable products.
2.Store all liquid chemicals and waste in
spill- proof containers.
3.Eat organic foods that are grown
without pesticides. Look out for fertilizer
or pesticide free products when you go to
the market.
4.Don’t use pesticides if you can.
5.Buy products that have little
packaging.
Wow ! This is easy

21. Conclusion
Certainly a country that is growing
rapidly and developing in various
fields. but in the rapid pace of
development, many do not realize
that it also carries side effects on
the environment. So we have to
go Sustainable Development.