health

2. Urinary Alkalinizers
 It works by reducing the acidity of the urine.
 Bacterial infections of the urinary tract can
cause the urine to become more acidic than
normal, resulting in painful and burning
sensations when passing urine.
 they may be used to treat acidosis due to renal
failure.
 Used for oral or parenteral therapy, sodium
bicarbonate is the commonly preferred
alkalinizing agent.
 These substances are used for treatment and
prevention of kidney stones by lowering the

3. Sodium bicarbonate
 Sodium bicarbonate is a salt that breaks down to form
sodium and bicarbonate in water. This makes a
solution alkaline, meaning it's able to neutralize acid.
Mechanism of action
 It increases the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in
the urine thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By
maintaining alkaline urine the actual dissolution of uric
acid stones may be accomplished.
Indication:
 an antacid that neutralizes stomach acid.
 It is used to treat heartburn and upset stomach and
indigestion
 It is used to treat high acid levels in the blood.

4. Side-effect:
 Alkalosis
 Hypernitraemia
 Irregular heartbeat
 urinating more than usual.
 dry mouth;
 increased thirst
 Gas, Abdominal Bloating
Contraindication:
 hypernatraemia,
 metabolic or respiratory
alkalosis,
 hypocalcaemia
Dose:
 Adults and teenagers: At
first, four grams is given
then 1 to 2 grams in every
four hours
 Children: The usual dose is
23 to 230 mg/kg/day.