This document discusses the topics of IoT, M2M, and smart devices. It covers: 1) The three waves of IT transformation and what makes things smart with the inclusion of sensors, processors, and connectivity. 2) Examples of IoT in use today including wearable health devices and smart home appliances. 3) Key companies involved in IoT and related concepts like industrial internet and industry 4.0. 4) The current state of IoT and what still needs to be done to further adoption such as reducing sensor costs, improving connectivity, and developing standards.

1. Presenter: Brian Pereira
11 December, 2015

2. Topics
PART I
• IoT and M2M
• The 3 waves of IT driven transformation
• What makes things Smart?
• The impact of smart products on business
• The value proposition for smart devices
PART II
• Examples of IoT in use today
• Companies involved in IoT
• The Industrial Internet and Industry 4.0
• Where are we today?
• What needs to be done?

3. What is IoT?
Things, people and cloud services getting connected via the Internet to
enable new use cases and business models
IoT

4. Machine to Machine M2M
• Machine-to-machine communications is the enabling technology for IoT.
Machines have the ability to exchange information and communicate, without
human intervention.
• M2M focused on connecting machines – mainly proprietary closed systems
An everyday example:
• When you withdraw money from the ATM machine, or swipe your credit card at a
POS terminal, you immediately get an SMS from the Bank. That’s M2M in action.
• Also: Credit card (OTP), Aadhar, I-T, SIP Mutual funds etc

5. The 3 waves of IT driven transformation
• 1st wave – 1960s & 70s – Automation
• 2nd wave – 1980s & 90s – Rise of the Internet
• 3rd wave – Today – IT is an integral part of the product

6. What makes things smart?
Electrical +
mechanical parts
Fixed function

7. Smart products
• PC on a stick (USB pen drive)
• Intel’s Edison (PC on SD card)
• http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/07/intel_demos_pconsd_tiny_computer_for_internet_of_things_and
_wearables/

8. What makes products smart?
• Today’s products include complex systems
• Hardware
• Embedded software (algorithms)
• Embedded operating system
• Storage
• Processing power (processor)
• Connectivity (on-board radios)
• Sensors
• Moore’s law: The
processing
power doubles
every 18 months
• Miniaturization –
double the
number of
transistors on
same area of
chip

9. Very Large Scale Integration
• SD card, Micro SD card
• SIM card (Micro SIM, Nano Sim)
• Computer RAM
• Motherboards have shrunk

10. Glossary
• Algorithms – rules that direct the product to respond to changes in its
function and in the environment.
• Make the product intelligent (the intelligence/logic is built in by way
of the algorithms).
• Autonomous functioning.

11. Impact of smart products on business
• Smart, connected products can do multiple things
• Offer new functionality…
• …with greater accuracy and reliability.
• So, far greater product utilization.
• Disrupting value chains, manufacturing models, processes.
• Manufacturing companies need to retool and restructure assembly
lines.
• Smart products are creating new industries, new opportunities, new
services (GE example later).

12. Value proposition
The value prop. is not “the Internet” but:
a. The data these devices capture/generate.
b. The revenue-generating services that can be created around this data (GE example).
c. The expanded capabilities/functionality/utility.
d. Their ability to communicate with each other.
e. Ability to work autonomously and take decisions without human intervention.
f. Self-learning, so improved efficiency
Organizations need to take advantage of all this and transform business models for
advantage

13. PART II
Putting all this in perspective with the current scenario and examples of
IoT in action

14. Examples of IoT in use today
• GOQii makes a wearable band for personal wellness. The band
monitors your heart rate, activity patterns and sends that data to a
server. A nutritionist checks this data periodically and calls you to
advise you on diet, sleep, exercise etc. https://www.goqii.com/
• The wearable band is free.
• But you pay a flat annual subscription fee for
the service (3-month 3,999; six-month 6,999,
12-month 11,999 plan).
• The same can be applied for automobiles or
other industries.

15. Examples of IoT in use today
• Healthcare: Meditronics digital blood glucose meter, wellness band
• Smart home: Philips Hue LED Smart Bulb, Doorbot Wi-Fi enabled
smart doorbell, Google Nest thermostat, smart TVs, home security,
kitchen appliances
• Schindler’s PORT technology for elevators
• Automobiles sector: sensors mounted on
suspension system
• Aviation: GE ACARS system (Industrial Internet)
• Smart cities
• Diebold ATM machines

16. IoT devices and smart products offer 4 functions
• Real-time monitoring
• Control
• Autonomy/Autonomous function
• Optimize

17. What is driving IoT?
• Streamline experiences
• Increase convenience
• Better lifestyle
• Reduce expenses
• Sell more products
• Sell new services
• Reduce expenses
• With lower barriers
Users Business

18. Companies involved in IoT
• Cisco
• Bosch
• Honeywell
• Ericsson
• Freescale
• GE
• Texas Instruments
• Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, Oracle, SAP, Qualcomm

19. Related topic: Industrial Internet
• GE initiated the Industrial Internet in 2011, by adding sensors to its machines.
• Sensors capture data on all aspects and parameters of the functioning of its machines:
temperature, pressure, environmental conditions (dust, heat), rotational speed etc.
• This data is relayed back to a service centre, via the cloud.
• The engineers can use analytics software to forecast malfunction, overheating etc and
relay this back to the person using the machine.
• Can do preventive maintenance, send data in advance to third party spare part
manufacturers and order in advance.
• This can be offered as a service.

20. ACARS subscription model for airlines
Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting system
Ground control, data center
Cockpit

21. Related topic: Industry 4.0
• It’s the fourth industrial revolution.
• A collective term embracing a number of contemporary automation, data exchange and
manufacturing technologies.
• A collective term for technologies and concepts of value chain organization which draws
together Cyber-Physical Systems, the Internet of Things and the Internet of Services.
• Industry 4.0 facilitates the vision and execution of a "Smart Factory“.
• Industry 4.0 will transform design, manufacture, operation and service of products.

22. Where are we today?
• The price of sensors is still high (but is coming down).
• ‘Siloed’ efforts (each company has its own IoT models, ecosystem)
• Lack of universal standards
• Adoption is yet to pick up
• Power is critical for IoT devices
• Security & Privacy – user data privacy
• IoT application development is complex
• Few cloud services
• IoT is complex
• Multiple connectivity options (W-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee etc)
It’s mainly
about M2M
today

23. What needs to be done?
• Price of sensors needs to come down further
• Connectivity needs to improve (spectrum allocation)
• ‘Productization’ of the technology
• Simpler interfaces
• Ratification of IoT standards by international industry bodies
• Adoption of IoT technology by Government
• Government needs to encourage IoT innovation, particularly among
startups
• Funding, tax breaks for IoT innovators
• Interconnection of all ‘Internets’
• More cloud services needed – ‘Internet of Services’

24. End
• Thank you!
• Comments and feedback: brian9p@gmail.com
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• Twitter: @brianp