The Renaissance was a period between the 14th and 17th centuries that saw a rebirth of art, science, and intellectual thought that began in Italy and spread throughout Europe. Key developments included advances in art and architecture like Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Brunelleschi's dome for the Florence Cathedral, as well as early scientific discoveries by figures like Leonardo da Vinci. The Renaissance also influenced Shakespeare's work, as he drew from classical Greek and Roman texts to create more psychologically complex characters and explore humanity across social classes in plays like Hamlet.

1. The Renaissance Done by Bryan Chia Jun Qing (5)

2. Content What does the word renaissance mean? What were some significant events or changes that took place during this period of time? How did the renaissance affect/ influence Shakespeare’s work?

3. The Renaissance The Renaissance is a period in the history of Europe beginning in about 1400, and following the Medieval period, also known as the Middle Ages. The word "Renaissance" comes from a French word meaning "rebirth". The reason why the period is called ‘rebirth’ is because people started taking an interest in the learning of ancient times, in particular the learning of Ancient Greece and Rome. The Renaissance was seen as a "rebirth" of that learning. The Renaissance is often said to be the start of the "modern age". During the Renaissance, there were many famous artists, many writers and many philosophers. Many people studied mathematics and different sciences. A person who is clever at a great number of things is sometimes called a "Renaissance man". Leonardo da Vinci, who was a painter, a scientist, a musician and a philosopher, is the most famous Renaissance Man.

4. Renaissance Art 1401, Lorenzo Ghiberti wins the Competition for the Florence Baptistry Doors. 1420s, Masaccio and Masolino paint the Brancacci Chapel, in Florence. 1440s, Donatello makes the statue of Gattamelata on Horseback, Padua. 1470s, Botticelli paints the Birth of Venus, in Florence. 1490s, Leonardo da Vinci paints the The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa in Milan. 1508-1512, Michelangelo paints the Sistine Chapel Ceiling in Rome. Many of the most famous and best-loved works of art in the world were created during the time known as the Renaissance like the Mona Lisa.

5. Renaissance Architecture 1420, building of The Dome of Florence Cathedral begins, to Brunelleschi's design. 1420s, Brunelleschi designs the church of Church of San Lorenzo, Florence. 1444, Michelozzo designs the Medici-Riccardi Palace for Cosimo de' Medici. 1471, Alberti designs the Church of Sant' Andrea, Mantua. 1506, work begins on the new St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. 1550, Palladio designs the Villa Rotunda, near Vicenza.

6. Renaissance Science and Technology Early 1300s, the first guns. 1423, the first printed books in Europe. Late 1400s, the quadrant developed to help sailors find their way at sea. 1480s, Leonardo da Vinci studies human anatomy. 1550s, watches made by Peter Henlein of Nuremberg. 1608, the first Telescope is made by Hans Lipershey, in Holland. 1618, William Harvey said that the blood was pumped by the heart.

7. Renaissance Philosophy Early 1300s, Petrarch publishes writings based on Classical writers and St. Augustine's writing. Mid 1400s, the Humanist Academy begun, to discuss Ancient writings and modern ideas, patronised by the Medici family.

8. Shakespeare and the renaissance Shakespeare updated the simplistic, two-dimensional writing style of pre-renaissance drama. He focused on creating “human” characters with psychologically complexity. Hamlet is perhaps the most famous example of this. The upheaval in the accepted social hierarchy allowed Shakespeare to explore the humanity of every character regardless of their social position. Even monarchs are given human emotions and are capable of making mistakes. Shakespeare utilized his knowledge of Greek and Roman classics when writing his plays. Before the renaissance, these texts had been suppressed by the Catholic Church.

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