This document discusses mindsets and project-based learning (PBL). It explains that a growth mindset, where intelligence can be developed through effort, is important for PBL. Before starting PBL, teachers should create a culture that embraces mistakes and ensure work is engaging. As students work, teachers should clearly define expectations, praise effort, and provide structured feedback and goal setting. When evaluating student work, teachers should focus on progress made toward expectations rather than a single grade. Reflection is also important throughout PBL.