What is DRM?
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Issues raised during DayAgainstDRM.org May 6, 2014 with further reading
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What is DRM?
- 1. What is DRM? "Startup Product" is a trademark owned by Cindy F. Solomon, CPM, CPMM
- 3. Digital Restrictions Management “DRM is anti-piracy technology used by digital copyright owners to control who gets to access and copy their work.”
- 5. DRM Restricts When a program is designed to prevent you from copying or sharing a song, reading an e-book on another device, or playing a single-player game without an Internet connection, you are being restricted by DRM.
- 6. Digital Rights Management Industry supporters refer to it as "digital rights management," as if to suggest that users should be powerless and relinquish their ability to decide how they can use and interact with their media.
- 7. Purpose of DRM? DRM is designed to take away every possible use of digital media, regardless of legal rights, and sell some of these functionalities back as severely limited services.
- 8. Delivers Severe Restrictions DRM is a mechanism to enforce severe restrictions on users' media that would otherwise be impossible, so DRM is about restrictions, not rights.
- 9. DRM creates a damaged good DRM concentrates control over production and distribution of media, giving DRM peddlers the power to carry out massive digital book burnings and conduct large scale surveillance over people's media viewing habits.
- 10. NOT about limiting copyright infringement If DRM existed only to prevent unauthorized sharing, every distribution method for that particular piece of media would have to be distributed by an un-crackable DRM- encumbered distribution platform, which is impossible on its own.
- 11. DRM vs. Copyright Enforcement Copyright Enforcement DRM • restricts who can distribute media • restricts how users can access their own media • provides leverage against illegal distribution • provides anti-features (features that exist only to worsen the service for users) and charges for their removal
- 12. DRM Prevents Choices – DRM is only possible by keeping some parts of a computer secret from users and unmodifiable – DRM invites a future in which nobody has any control over their devices, and can only access media through DRM-encumbered distribution services
- 13. DRM Limits Authors & Consumers DRM is usually embedded and sometimes even has a specific time period that limits content accessibility in some way. DRM also puts a limit on the platforms where author’s e-books can be sold and distributed.
- 14. Which formats support DRM? – sometimes DRM is built into software and not part of a file format – file formats that support DRM do not necessarily require it
- 15. DRM-Free Audio Formats – Opus (.opus) – Vorbis (.oga; .ogg) for general use – FLAC (.flac) for lossless – Speex (.spx) for speech
- 16. DRM-Free Video Formats –Theora(.ogv; .ogm) –VP8 (.webm) –Daala
- 17. Common DRM User Experiences• You are using a WMA file; • You need specific software or specific music player hardware to play the file; • You are limited to how many times you can download; • You are limited in number of hours/days you can download; • The number of different computers you can download to is limited; • The number of times you can burn a CD is limited; • You need a special password and/or logon ID before you can play the file; • You need to reply to confirmation emails before you can play the file; • In some instances, AAC files have DRM locks.
- 18. Media Consumers Users should have control over their own media, not be left at the mercy of major media and technology companies.
- 19. 4 Stages of DRM Execution 1.Packaging 2.Distribution 3.License Serving 4.License Acquisition
- 20. DRM Packaging DRM encryption keys are built right into the software, the music file, or the movie file.
- 21. DRM Distribution DRM-encrypted files are delivered to the customers. This is usually through web server downloads, CD's/DVD's, or via files emailed to the customers.
- 22. DRM License Serving Specialized servers authenticate legitimate users through an Internet connection, and allow them to access the DRM files. Simultaneously, license servers lock up the files when illegitimate users try to open or copy the files.
- 23. DRM License Acquisition Legitimate customers acquire their encryption keys so they can unlock their files.
- 24. DRM-Free Case Study – J.K. Rowling is one of the more successful publishing stories of going DRM-free. – Not only did Rowling completely exclude DRM with Pottermore, but she also built a direct sales channel. – These two things paired together tell her loyal readers that she trusts them and wants to make sure not to exclude any kind of reader.
- 25. DRM In Coffee http://dailyemerald.com/2014/03/11/keurig-brings-the-drm-debate- into-the-kitchen/
- 26. Keurig 2.0 Brewers – Keurig makes a fortune in refillable “K-cups,” filled with coffee grounds that feed their line of single-serving coffee brewing machines – new line of “Keurig 2.0” brewers will only work with officially licensed K-cup refill packs. – every K-cup will come equipped with an RFID sensor read by the brewer, locking out third- party manufacturers.
- 27. Mozilla Accepts DRM The fact that Mozilla, in opposition to its mission, had to prepare and design this feature in secret without being able to consult the developers and users who make up its community is an indication of how much of a contradiction DRM is in a pro-user open-source browser.
- 28. Mozilla is a not-for-profit social enterprise with a mission to free its users – so it’s not unreasonable to hold it to a higher standard than commercial rivals. Photograph: Mozilla
- 29. Mozillians warned Mozillians have already been warned of the danger of talking too much about how DRM works (and doesn't work), lest they trigger the provisions in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) that forbid "trafficking" in circumvention knowledge. http://www.copyright.gov/legislation/dmca.pdf
- 30. “Personal Computing” Oxymoron Personal computing is: Becoming a sector dominated by established interests, and Produces locked-down devices, monitored and managed by everyone but their users. By Cory Doctorow http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/may/14/firefox-closed- source-drm-video-browser-cory-doctorow
- 31. Educate Users • Mozilla has a brilliant, far-reaching technology literacy programme that teaches users how to be makers and programmers and how to be safe and private on the Web. • Mozilla should develop a curriculum about the way that DRM undermines security by making vulnerability reporting illegal and treating users as hostile adversaries. • And it should teach would-be makers that DRM only allows you to be a passive viewer and not a tinkerer, because if you change the “open” decoder, it stops working. http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/may/14/firefox-closed- source-drm-video-browser-cory-doctorow
- 33. Startup Product, Movement For Product Excellence @startupproduct #startupproduct • Blog: http://startupproduct.com • Postions: jobs.startupproduct.com • Meetups: http://startupproduct.com/meetups • Trainings: http://startupproduct.com/academy Global Product Management Talk, weekly broadcast @prodmgmttalk Webcast Digest, daily curated online events @WebcastDigest Startup Product" is a trademark owned by Cindy F. Solomon, CPM, CPMM