This ppt contains the parts, construction, working, advantages, disadvantages,applications etc... of the turbocharger.

1. TURBOCHARGERTURBOCHARGER
Presented byPresented by ::
CHETHAN S A,
8th
Sem. Mechanical Engg.,
B.C.E – Shravanabelagola.
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2. CONTENTSCONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Parts of Turbocharger
3. Construction
4. Working
5. Turbocharger Lag
6. Advantages
7. Disadvantages
8. Applications
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3. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
A turbocharger is a turbine driven device that increases an I.C
engine’s efficiency and power output.
Nearly 35% to 40% of heat energy supplied to engine goes in to
exhaust and will be wasted.
A part of this energy could be utilized to drive a gas turbine.
Which in turn runs a compressor and hence results in supply of
more air to the engine inlet. 3

4. PARTS of TURBOCHARGERPARTS of TURBOCHARGER
 The different parts of turbocharger are as follows :
Exhaust gas turbine
Inlet air compressor
Coupling shaft
Inlet & exhaust manifold
Intercooler
Waste gate actuator
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5. Cont...Cont...
5Fig. 1: Turbocharger of a single cylinder engine

6. CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
 Turbine & compressor are coupled to the same shaft and are
mounted within the casing.
 Turbine is attached to exhaust manifold while compressor is
attached to inlet manifold of the engine.
An intercooler is present in between the compressor and
engine inlet.
A waste gate actuator is connected to the exhaust manifold.
An oil inlet & outlet is present in between the turbine and
compressor for lubrication. 6

7. WORKINGWORKING
 The exhaust gases from the engine enters in to turbine through
exhaust manifold.
 Exhaust gases strikes the turbine blade and thus rotates the
turbine blade.
Thus heat energy of exhaust gas is converted in to kinetic
energy.
 Since turbine and compressors are coupled to the same shaft as
turbine rotates compressor also rotates.
Thus rotating compressor sucks atmospheric air from air inlet.7

8. Cont...Cont...
 The atmospheric air gets compressed by the compressor blades
The compressed air then enters in to the engine inlet through
inlet manifold.
Since the temperature of compressed air is high (65-95˚c) an
intercooler is provided in inlet manifold.
 An intercooler reduce the temperature of compressed air & it
works similar to radiator.
Thus it maintains the density & quantity of compressed air
entering into engine.
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9. Cont...Cont...
 The exhaust gases after rotating turbine blades leaves turbine
& ejected to atmosphere through muffler & silencer.
A waste gate is provided in exhaust manifold and is actuated by
waste gate actuator.
When large quantity of exhaust gas enters into exhaust
manifold waste gate actuator opens the waste gate.
Thus excess exhaust gas passes through the waste gate and
required quantity of gas enters into turbine.
Finally the gas from waste gate & turbine is ejected into
atmosphere.
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10. Cont...Cont...
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Fig. 2: 3D view of turbocharger

11. TURBOCHARGER LAGTURBOCHARGER LAG
It is the time period required for the exhaust gases to accelerate
the turbine & compressor.
It represents short delay period before the boost pressure
increases.
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12. ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES
Increases thermal efficiency and power output of the engine.
Deduce emission and thus reduce air pollutants to the
atmosphere.
Required quantity of air supply is obtained and thus complete
combustion is possible.
Minimizes fuel consumption rate .
Proper air fuel mixture is obtained.
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13. DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES
It requires special exhaust manifold.
Blade erosion takes place due to entry of dust particles.
Larger pumping elements or nozzles are needed. This
overloads cams.
Pressure ratio is high and it has to withstand high pressure.
It is bulky and heavy.
Poor response to load change.
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14. APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
Petrol powered cars like Porsche, Chevrolet.
Diesel powered cars like Mercedes Benz.
 Motorcycles like Kawasaki.
In trucks and tractors.
In aircrafts.
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