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Inger and met
1. INGER and MET
Ed Redoña
INGER Coordinator
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
DAPO 7777, Manila, Philippines
e.redona@cgiar.org
1st GRISP Workshop for Rice Breeders in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
CIAT, Palmira, Colombia
20-23 February 2012
2. International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice
(INGER)
• A consortia of national
agricultural research extension
systems (NARES) and
international agricultural
research centers (IARCs) on rice
varietal evaluation and
exchange of breeding material
• Established in 1975 as the
International Rice Testing
Program (IRTP)
• Renamed as INGER in 1989
• INGER-Global; INGER-Africa;
INGER-Latin America
3. INGER Test Sites
• 100s of rice scientists, 600 research stations, 85 countries
5. Overall Impact
• Direct releases:
1080 introduced INGER entries
released directly as varieties in 74
countries
• Used as parents:
more than 20,000 crosses made in
51 countries using parents from 68
countries
• Breeding lines from these crosses
extracted and 1097 released as
varieties in 16 countries.
17 NARES: source of parents
6. INGER Mechanism
Elite breeding lines originate
from different countries
Lines entered in INGER • 50 types of
nurseries for evaluation
trials since
1975
Promising materials • 2011: 8
identified major types
Used in national programs Used in center breeding programs
Hybridized with Tested in Released to farmers
locally-adapted yield trials
varieties
8. INGER Nurseries Worldwide
(2006-2011)
• 29 nursery types; 6,717 lines/varieties from 49
NARES,IRRI, Africa Rice, and CIAT
• 3,048 sets/ 233,454 seed packets were sent to
57 cooperating countries (14 countries in Africa)
10. INGER Nurseries Evaluated in LAC countries
INGER nurseries Entries tested in LAC countries from 1990 to 2010
Focal area Nurseries Focal area Nurseries 1990- 1993- 1996- 1999- 2002- 2005- 2008-
COUNTRY
Ecosystems/ 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010
Biotic stresses
cropping systems ARGENTINA 395 179 205 1169 628
Irrigated Rice IIRON Blast IRBN BOLIVIA 106 545 869 429 533 313 213
Rainfed lowland BRAZIL 1795 1629 959 777 929 1120 1198
IRLON Bacterial blight IRBBN
rice CHILE 651 714 789 670
Upland rice IURON Tungro/viruses IRTN COLOMBIA 1984 1586 1334 326 1427
Brown COSTA RICA 405
Temperate rice IRTON IRBPHN
planthopper CUBA 151
Aerobic rice AERON Stem borer IRSBN DOMINICAN REP 989
Boro rice IRBON Special sets ECUADOR 414 578 485
Hybrid rice IRHON Grain quality IRFAON GUYANA 314 499 33
INEVDUS HAITI 165
Abiotic stresses DUST or
T HONDURAS 166 112 430
Example MEXICO 2000 367 78
Drought IRDTN
varieties NICARAGUA 525 257
Submergence IRLON Yield Trials IRVYT, PARAGUAY 176
Salinity/soil
IRSSTN URVYT,
stresses
Cold IRCTN IRLYN
Heat IRHTN IIRYN
Some 32,704 entries were tested in nine ecosystem-
and 10 stress-oriented nurseries in 15 LAC countries
from 1990 to 2010.
11. INGER Seed Samples Dispatched to LAC countries
(1985-2011)
ARGENTINA
SURINAME CHILE
4%
5% 4%
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
4%
VENEZUELA
PERU 4%
BOLIVIA
8%
3%
ECUADOR
3%
BRAZIL HONDURAS
19% Other 2%
17% NICARAGUA
2%
COLOMBIA
16% MEXICO
19%
OTHERS
7%
A total of 114,929 seed samples were dispatched by INGER to 24 LAC countries since 1985. Majority of
entries were evaluated in Brazil (19%), Mexico (19%), and Colombia (16%).
12. Germplasm Contributions to INGER from LAC
(1975-2011)
MEXICO SURINAME
1% ECUADOR
1%
1%
CHILE OTHERS*
PERU 2% 2%
2%
COLOMBIA
CUBA 4%
5%
ARGENTINA
5%
BRAZIL
8%
CIAT
3,150 elite lines were received from
69%
LAC countries which enriched the
INGER germplasm pool with major
contributions from CIAT (69%), Brazil
(8%), and Argentina (5%).
* Includes Guyana, Dominican Rep., Panama, Uruguay, El Salvador,
Costa Rica, Paraguay, Haiti, Guatamela, Nicaraguia, Jamaica
13. LAC Elite Lines/Varieties in INGER Nurseries
(2000-2010)
Number of LAC elite lines tested in INGER nurseries (2000-2010)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
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Top LAC-bred elite lines/varieties that performed well in INGER nurseries from
2000 to 2010
ORIGIN DESIGNATION NURSERY
COLOMBIA 18447 IIRON, IRBBN, IRBN
BRAZIL 86945-1 IIRON, IRBBN, IRBN
MEXICO C 217CU87-4-SM-SM IRBBN, IRTN, IRBPHN
Of 378 elite lines tested in INGER nurseries (2001-2010) originating in LAC
countries, ‘18447’, ‘86945-1’, and C217CU87-4-SM-SM were the best performers.
14. Direct Varietal Releases through INGER (1978-2008)
At least 65 varieties from seven Asian countries were released in 22 LAC countries, including IR579-160-2 (released
in 17 countries). Conversely, 17 elite breeding lines from LAC were released in four Asian and five African countries,
with Dourado Precoce released twice in Africa.
15. INGER National Coordinators
in LAC countries
Country Country/National Coordinator Institution
Argentina Dr. Alfredo R. Marin INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria)
Belize Dr. Robert Shank Ministry of Agriculture
Brazil Dr. Flavio Breseghello EMBRAPA Rice and Beans
Dr. Adriano Pereira de Castro Genetica e Melhoramento de Plantas
Dr. Pericles De Carvalho Neves CNPAF/ EMBRAPA
Dr. Beatriz Da Silveira Pinheiro Embrapa Rice And Beans Embrapa Arroz E Feijão
Bolivia Ing. Rene Guzman CIAT
Colombia Dr. César P. Martinez CIAT
Dr. Edgar Alonso Torres Toro CIAT – National Rice Foundation Venezuela
Chile Ing. Agr. M.Sc. Viviana L. Becerra Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias
Dr. Eduardo Alejandro Perez Torres Centro Regional de Investigacion, Quilampu
Dr. Patricio C. Parodi Universidad Catolica de Temuco
Karla Cordero Lara Mehoramiento Genetico de Arroz
Dr. Rodrigo Ortega Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria
Cuba Engr. Jorge Luis Hernandez Concepcion National Rice Research Institute
Ecuador Ing. Agr. MSc. Francisco Antonio Andrade España National Institute of Agronomical Research (INIAP)
Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia (MAG) - Direccion de
Paraguay Ingr. Agr. Raul Dejesus Gomez Jara Investigacion Agricola (DIA)
Peru Engr. Elizabeth Consuelo Heros Aguilar Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Ing. Msc. Orlando Palacios Agurto Programa Nacional De Arroz
Dr. Carlos B. Bruzzone Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria (INIA)
Suriname Mr. Jerry Roy Tjoe Awie Anne van Dijk Rijstonderzoekscentrum Nickerie (ADRON)
Uruguay Ing. Agr. Pedro H. Blanco National Agricultural Research Institute (INIA)
Venezuela Dr. Iris B. Perez-Almeida INIA-CENIAP
Dr. Pedro Luis Cordero Fundacion Nacional del Arroz (FUNDARROZ)
Luis Eduardo Berrio Av. Eduardo Chollet Zona Industrial de Araure
16. INGER Website:
http://seeds.irri.org/inger
Some Functionalities:
Procedures on requesting
nurseries/breeding lines
Submit data trials
Get information
Download annual reports &
other publications
Retrieve forms
View DNA barcodes
Read news from different
NARES partners
Find contacts
Links to training opportunities
available at IRRI
Varietal releases
17. Nursery Request Procedure thru National
Coordinators
1. Fill-out nursery request form (format below) and send to National Coordinator, copy to
Connie Toledo, (m.toledo@cgiar.org ). Coordinator sends consolidated nursery request
to IRRI (e.redona@cgiar.org; m.toledo@cgiar.org).
Nursery Test Location Cooperator’s Name Position Research Address E-mail Seeding
Institute address date
2. Relevant country authority sends e-mail to IRRI (e.redona@cgiar.org,
m.toledo@cgiar.org) stating “In behalf of all the INGER cooperators in ____
and as per our guidelines, I agree to the Standard Material Transfer
Agreement (SMTA) for the INGER nursery shipment covered by
Import Permit ________’.
3. Country authority to send to IRRI in January the original copy of the import permit to
cover consolidated nursery shipment to the country.
18. Procedure for Sending Seeds to IRRI
1. Seed list containing the names of the varieties/breeding lines being sent to IRRI,
seed amounts, and other basic information (format below). This information is
needed for application of Philippine import permit. The original copy will be mailed
to you and should be sent along with the seeds to IRRI.
2. Secure phytosanitary certificate from your country’s plant quarantine service.
3. An e-mail sent to IRRI (e.redona@cgiar.org) stating “My Institution agrees to
provide the materials under the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA)”.
4. 4. When shipping the seeds, kindly direct it to the following address:
Dr. E. Redoña
c/o Seed Health Unit
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
• For handcarried samples, these should be forwarded to the Seed Health Unit upon
arrival here at IRRI.
19. GRISP Germplasm Exchange
• Status
– Relatively strong via INGER/ABTF/FLAR in the different regions but needs further strengthening to
involve more countries and make it multilateral and sustainable
• Challenges
– Sustainability, IPR, import permits, quarantine restrictions, non-compliance, limited public-private
sector exchange, tight logistical requirements, limited information flow/poor data return
• Specific points to address
– How to get more countries involved in germplasm exchange in a sustainable manner?
» Awareness promotion, Royalties/Incentives to product developers, Entry nomination and testing fee, Patronage
privilege or incentive scheme for nominators, Full cost recovery schemes, Consortia (HRDC/FLAR), NARES
counterpart funding
– How to make exchange bidirectional within and between regions?
» Clear IP policies, reestablish INGER in LAC/CIAT, Special IP agreements with private sector
– At what stage should germplasm be exchanged?
» MET1 as entry points for IRRI, Africa Rice, private sector; MET2 to MET3 for NARES and LAC
– How to solve import permit/quarantine/phytosanitary certification problems
» Training and information dissemination to effect policy changes
– How to get more data back
» Harmonization & training on trial & data protocols; Incentives/penalties; Digitization/automation/ electronic
data recording/web-based reporting; Data return as part of IP agreement
20. Self-Study Course on Germplasm Transfers
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/smta/
•Online self-study guide
designed to help
researchers better
understand the intellectual
property rights &
phytosanitary
issues involved when
moving rice germplasm to
or from IRRI.
•Aims to avoid breaches of
legislation when
germplasm is exchanged.
22. MET Goal & Objectives
Goal
• To establish a systematic, sequential, multistage, and multi-environment
testing (MET) system for elite breeding lines, managed through one entity, in
order to improve overall breeding efficiency.
Objectives
• To identify elite breeding lines with high and stable yields and wide
adaptation across a target population of environments that can be the future
mega-varieties;
• To be able to select superior breeding materials adapted to one or more
specific environment(s) and agro-ecologies;
• To develop and deploy varieties and breeding products to specific market
segments;
• To exploit genotype, environment, and genotype x environment (G X E)
interaction contributions to varietal performance in releasing breeding
products to one or more target environments;
• To generate earlier feedback to breeders on trait performance and identify
trait packages needed for molecular breeding;
• To improve partnerships with public, NGO, and private sectors who may have
roles to play at certain testing/variety development stages.
23. Irrigated
Pedigree Nurseries (PN)
(F6-F7 lines)
Observational Yield Trials
MET
2010: concept
Stage 1 MET
600 lines from/for Observation Yield Trials (OYT) including lines from local breeding programs 2011: field
Growth duration/grain quality subsets (incl. for rice-wheat systems) tested in subsets of locations (5-10)
Subset of lines (40-50) tested across locations
5 reference materials/checks; 5-10 local breeding lines
Row-column design; Two replications; 5.2 m2 plots@5 rows x 26 hills
Philippines, Sri Lanka, Indonesia; interface with STRASA/breeding networks
20 g per location = 120 g seed required/entry
Climate, soil, agronomic practices, performance data collected, analyzed and endorsed to breeders to select
the lines to advance Smaller INGER
Nurseries
Stage 2 MET (elite IRRI/ NARES entries only) in
140 breeding lines in replicated yield tests (15-25% selection intensity) non-MET countries and other sites
10 locations under key sites in stratified environments in MET countries
5 reference materials/checks
Best materials from other NARES identified from INGER nurseries
Row column-design with 2 reps in 10 m2 plots
200 g per location = 2.2 kg seed required/entry
Hotspot screening for insects
Climate, soil, agronomic practices, varietal performance analyzed & used by to select lines to advance &
and pathogens (e.g. Midsayap,
enter in INGER nurseries
Maruteru, Sukamandi)
Stage 3 MET
National Trials Conducted by NARES/Partners
NGOs, Seed sector, 30 IRRI elite lines to be nominated each year - top 5 most stable across MET sites & top 5 location-specific
Millers, PVS trials Number of locations per agro-ecology varies from country to country (20 in the Philippines)
to generate 3 reps in 20 m2 plots
feedback/data 400 g per location = 5 kg seed required/entry
Climate, soil, agronomic practices, varietal performance data collected, analyzed & endorsed to Variety
Release Committee Breeder/Foundation
Seed Production
(Strip plots at IRRI)
Varietal Release
1-2 elite lines/year
Decided by NARES/Partners thru their Varietal Release Committees or directly
commercialized by the private sector
IRRI to provide variety fact sheets, advertise in the Knowledge Bank
Commercial Rice Production
26. Data for MET1-IR & MET2-IR
• Test site data (latitude, longitude, etc.)
• Name of cooperators and data on agronomic practices
• General weather condition and water management
• Hourly temperature reading
• Hourly relative humidity
• Hourly wind direction
• Hourly wind speed
• Daily rainfall
• Daily sunshine hours
• Daily solar radiation
• Number of days to 50 % flowering
• Days to maturity
• Plant height (5 samples)
• Percent Lodging
• Number of tillers (5 samples)
• Phenotypic acceptability
• Plot yield (g) 14% moisture content
• Percent moisture content
• Number of harvested hills
• Grain quality (amylose content of grain, gel temperature, gel
consistency, grain length, grain shape, chalkiness)
• Reactions to diseases and insect pests
• Any disease or insect damage should be recorded.
28. Potential Met Expansion Sites
MET 1
MET 2*
Additional 5
sites for MET2
2012 WS based
on climate
zoning
*Target for 2012WS
29. MET Sites Proposed by Asian NARES
Drought/
Country Irrigated Aerobic Flood-prone Salinity
Bangladesh Habiganj Kustia Rangpur Sathkira
Bhanga Rajshahi Habiganj Sonagazi
Gazipur Gazipur Sonagazi Barisal
Cambodia Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Kok Kong
Kampong
Kandal Prey Veng Thom Kampot
China Hangzhou Kunming
Changsha
Nanning
India Aduthurai Hazaribagh Ghaghraghat Karnal
Maruteru Jagdalpur Pusa Kanpur
Kaul Ranchi Chinsurah Trichy
Indonesia Sukamandi Indramayu Indramayu Pekalongan
Kuningan Lampung Palembang Indramayu
Bogor Pati Banjar Baru Cilacap
Lao PDR Vientiane Vientiane
Myanmar Yezin Sibin Yezin Myaung Mya
Kyaukse Yezin Pathein Kyaukse
Nepal Hardinath Hardinath Hardinath
Pakistan Kala Shah Kaku Pindi Bhattian
Dokri Lahore
Philippines Nueva Ecija Pangasinan Nueva Ecija Cagayan
Agusan del
Isabela Nueva Ecija Norte Bicol Region
Cotabato Negros Occ. Cagayan Iloilo
Sri Lanka Batalagoda Batalagoda Bentota Ambalantota
Ambalantota Ambalantota
Ubon
Thailand Pathumthani Rachathani Prachinburi Pathumthani
Ubon
Suphanburi Udon Thani Rachathani Nakorn Sri Thammarat
Chainat Chumpae Chiangrai Nakorn Rachasima
Vietnam Cantho Tien Giang Long An Tra Vinh
Tien Giang Cantho Bac Lieu
Kien Giang Haugiang
30. Proposed Nomination, Advancing, Discarding of
Lines in GRISP MET
Flow of Evaluation Criteria and Process Remarks
Nomination 1. Selection criteria
Criteria M1 should be based on
MET1 (500-600) needs of each target
region.
Criteria M2
MET2(100-120) 2. To establish a firm
selection criteria,
Criteria M3 market survey is
MET3(50-60) +PVS definitely necessary.
Criteria VR 3. Evaluation through
Varietal release (5-10) MET is to identify
best lines for stability
& adaptability of
Adoption (3-5)
Needs traits required for
target regions.
of farmers, millers,
traders, consumers E. Nissilä (2012)
31.
32. INGER and MET
Ed Redoña
INGER Coordinator
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
DAPO 7777, Manila, Philippines
e.redona@cgiar.org
1st GRISP Workshop for Rice Breeders in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
CIAT, Palmira, Colombia
20-23 February 2012
