The Influence Of The Media Ppp
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The Influence Of The Media Ppp
- 1. The influence of the media (internet, television, magazines, billboar ds, etc.) has on body image and behavior. Christina Lee Argosy University Twin Cities
- 2. How the Media Influences Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women‘s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they‘ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career (MAN, 2010).
- 3. Media Influences Cont. The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative abuse, and self- induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women's Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled ―Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,‖ indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 per cent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 per cent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way (MAN).
- 4. Arguments Young boys and girls have greater influence from their peers (peer pressure). Attractive boys and girls have the upper hand in the society. Those who are popular are often attractive. Schools are not doing enough to help promote acceptance.
- 5. Strengths and Weaknesses Nikkelen, Anschutz, Ha, and Engels have one of the important articles, ―Influence of visual attention on male body dissatisfaction after idealized media exposure‖. The present study examined the moderating effect of men's visual attention toward male images on the relationship between idealized media exposure and body dissatisfaction. Of particular interest was men's visual attention to the abdomens and upper bodies of male images (Nikkelen, Anschutz, Ha &Engels, 2011). Unlike the other articles this one is focused more on males while the other articles focused on either females or both males and females. It was difficult to find research articles on males and media influences. This article uses a study as well on fifty male college students and their feelings towards media influences. I don‘t believe there is any weakness to this article. The information is useful and doesn‘t relate to other articles.
- 6. Strengths and Weaknesses Cont.… Kate Fox the author of the article, ―Mirror, Mirror‖ summarizes her findings on body image. We are all more obsessed with our appearance than we like to admit. But this is not an indication of 'vanity'. Vanity means conceit, excessive pride in one's appearance. Concern about appearance is quite normal and understandable. Attractive people have distinct advantages in our society. Studies show: Attractive children are more popular, both with classmates and teachers. Teachers give higher evaluations to the work of attractive children and have higher expectations of them (which has been shown to improve performance). Attractive applicants have a better chance of getting jobs, and of receiving higher salaries. (one US study found that taller men earned around $600 per inch more than shorter executives.) In court, attractive people are found guilty less often. When found guilty, they receive less severe sentences. The 'bias for beauty' operates in almost all social situations – all experiments show we react more favorably to physically attractive people. We also believe in the 'what is beautiful is good' stereotype – an irrational but deep-seated belief that physically attractive people possess other desirable characteristics such as intelligence, competence, social skills, confidence – even moral virtue. (The good fairy/princess is always beautiful; the wicked stepmother is always ugly).
- 7. Strengths and Weaknesses Cont. In this article, ―Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction‖ by, Clark it informs the reader about a study done on girls between the ages of nine to twelve who may or may not have been influence by the media on body dissatisfaction. There were 100 girls in the study whom completed a questionnaire on measures of media exposure (television, magazines, etc.), peer influences, internalization and body dissatisfaction. Their exposure to appearance-focused media was not directly related to their body dissatisfaction, but was indirectly related via their conversations about appearance among peers. The path analysis showed that peer appearance conversations demonstrated a significant relationship with internalization of thin ideals, which was, in turn, significantly related to body dissatisfaction. Like their adolescent counterparts, preadolescent girls are also exposed to appearance ideals presented in the media and manifested among peers. The results provided evidence for the existence of an ‗appearance culture‘ consisting of interrelated media and peer influences among girls as young as nine to 12 years of age (Clark, 2006). The strengths to this article are that a study was done just on girls to obtain answers on how important appearance is in a young girl‘s life. To be exposed to the media with pictures of thin girls and messages about being sexy. The weakness is that the article focuses on the study itself but the outcome isn't in depth. Another weakness is that since it is a study on only girls it may make it difficult to find a study done on the same age range on boys. From what I've known about the media and the influence it may have on younger boys and girls is that it has a deep impact. Peers may look down on someone because of their fashion or weight which becomes a problem since the media portrays thin and fit people.
- 8. Why is it important that the influence of the media and peers (internet, television, magazines, billboards, etc .) have on body image and behavior? We often pretend to be someone whom we are not. Everyone wants to fit in which means doing drastic things in order to become attractive. It is important to talk to schools and influence the children to accept everyone no the matter their size, ethnicity, or attractiveness. Acceptance is one of the largest problems that schools have and it is important to address this concern. Everyone knows media and peers have influence in any individual when it comes to body dissatisfaction and behavior. I believe teachers tend to put this behind them and focus on teaching children about current topics.
- 9. References Clark, L. (2006). Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction. Social Development, 15(4), 628-643. Fox, K. (1997). Mirror, mirror - a summary of research findings on body image. Retrieved from http://www.sirc.org/publik/mirror.html Media Awareness Network (MAN). (2010) Beauty and body image in the media. Retrieved on December 11, 2011, from http://www.media- awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/women_and_girls/women_be auty.cfm Nikkelen, S. W. C., Anschutz, D. J., Ha, T., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2011). Influence of visual attention on male body dissatisfaction after idealized media exposure. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, doi:10.1037/a0024942
Notes de l'éditeur
- Media has a influence women greatly on the body image with magazine ads containing thin beautiful women or even celebrities. The satisfying urge to become beautiful so others would want to become jealous of them or wanting to have it all (looks, career, etc.).
- Younger girls in middle school are more acceptable to become influenced by the media. It is very important that the women seen in magazine ads are healthy average women. To promote ads that feature average females and males may decrease the health concerns of losing weight.
- Prevailing arguments would be the affect peer pressure may have and would take a larger toll on an individual than the media. Younger girls and boys are easily influenced by peer pressure. Attractive boys and girls have distinct advantages in our society which can be troubling for others. The affect of peer pressure can change a person to become someone they are not (changing one’s attitude, look, etc.). The ones that are listed above are just a few, there are more arguments about media and peer influences.
- I’ve listed the articles that I’ve felt were important and relevant to the topic. It was a bit difficult to find articles that did not relate to one another but each article that I’ve found somewhat “bounced” ideas from one to another or would be more in-depth. Each article was important since there were new ideas introduced and other information that were related to other articles. This article focused on males rather than females which is very important since most of the articles that I had found focused more on females. It was rare to find one on males and the importance of media and peer influences that affected them.
- Kate Fox makes some interesting points in her summary of findings. The strengths to her article is that she focuses on a different side than the other articles. Attraction was one of the key highlights that Fox mentioned that other articles did not. It isn’t surprising that physical attractiveness would have the upper hand in the society or be an overwhelming importance to us. Concern with appearance is not just an aberration of Modern Western culture. Every period of history has had its own standards of what is and is not beautiful, and every contemporary society has its own distinctive concept of the ideal physical attributes. In the 19th Century being beautiful meant wearing a corset – causing breathing and digestive problems. Now we try to diet and exercise ourselves into the fashionable shape – often with even more serious consequences (Fox 1997).
- I had found this article interesting because a questionnaire was done using 100 girls to measure media exposure, peer influences, internalization and body dissatisfaction what other articles did not have. The outcome of the study was interesting since their exposure to appearance-focused media was not directly related to their body dissatisfaction, but was indirectly related via their conversations about appearance among peers (Clark, 2006). Our peers have always had some influences in our lives and peer pressure can be a negative affect. To steal, drink, change ourselves are just a part of what they can make us do in order to fit in. Our peers have a large affect on young girls and boys but primarily on girls.
- Final thoughts on why media and peers have influenced our lives from the moment we were in middle school till now. The problem has been always the same since I was in middle school and I myself have gone through changes with the influence of peers and the media. Middle school is a difficult time for a child to go through with finding themselves and friends who will accept them. Peer pressure will always be a part of our lives and we’ve all experienced it sometime in our lives whether it is in grad, middle, high school or even while at work or out with friends. Peer pressure has influenced everyone in different ways, sometimes it can be a positive or negative effect.