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1		 Carly Eisner
FDM 40291 Fashion Merchandising Seminar
Company Profile
Organizational Structure:
H&M stands for Hennes&Mauritz AB, a
publicly owned company, headquartered in
Stockholm, Sweden. With more than 3,900 stores
across the world, H&M has become a global
pioneer in the fast-fashion industry. Between
North and South America, H&M has 516 stores.
H&M operates under the H&M, COS, Weekday,
Monki, and Cheap Monday brands.
H&M Financial Performance (Billions $)
Five-Year Summary
	
The financial growth seen in the graph
above accredited to H&M’s strong position in the
marketplace. Before H&M establishes themselves
in a new country or city, they assess the
marketpotential, analyzing demographic
structure, purchasing power, economic growth,
infrastructure, political risk, human rights, and
environmental sustainability (Expansion, 2015).
These assessments help to ensure the company
that they will succeed in that specific location.
	
Brand Strategy and Mission Statement:
For H&M, all business operations are
performed in an economical, social, and
environmentally sustainable way. The company
has concern for present and future generations.
H&M’s mission statement promises “Fashion and
quality at the best price in a sustainable way”
(Business, 2015). H&M delivers the most current
looks of the season at the optimal time for
consumer interest and purchase. Quality is an
important aspect of the H&M brand strategy and
is achieved at a low price. H&M performs a
number of operations to ensure the best price for
its’ customers, including, in-house design, no
middlemen, large purchasing volumes, buying
the right products from the right markets, efficient
logistics, and cost-consciousness in all aspects of
the organization (Production, 2015).
H&M refers to their business guidelines as “The
H&M Way,” which includes an inclusive
workplace where everyone is treated with
integrity, respect, humbleness, and dignity.
Growth is a priority for both the company as well
as each team member. Health and safety are
both extremely important in the H&M work
environment. H&M follows an open door policy,
where any and all employees can feel
comfortable to discuss work-related issues. H&M
believes in strong employee relations, where
employees should feel that there is a fair
partnership. H&M’s business guidelines stress the
idea of sustainability in everything they do. H&M
prides themselves on their level of ethics, as one
of the leading fashion retailers in the world. Lastly,
the guidelines express H&M’s respect of privacy,
including confidential information and company
assets, as well as employee and customer data
(H&M, 2015).
Fashion and Pricing Strategy:
H&M has a unique style concept, providing its
customers with the hottest trends in fashion,
along with everyday basics and staple pieces.
H&M carries collections in Women’s, Men’s, Kids,
Divided, &denim, Accessories, Underwear,
Cosmetics, H&M Home, and Sportswear.
H&M’s pricing strategy is based on the
consumer’s need for low price and high fashion.
The price range is anywhere from $5 to $200.
H&M is able to achieve such low prices by
outsourcing production to countries with low
labor costs, employing controlled transportation
costs, and strict cost control plans regarding
executive spending (Marketing, 2015).
Sourcing and Manufacturing Process:
With approximately 160 In-House Designers,
100 Pattern Makers, and several Design Assistants
and Print Designers, the company has a wide
variety of talent to supply them with the best
product possible. The About H&M website states,
“Our design process is about striking the right
balance between fashion, quality and the best
	$110.00		
	$120.80		
	$128.56		
	$151.42		
	$180.86		
	$63.25		
	$68.58		
	$72.31		
	$84.58		
	$97.49		
	$15.82		
	$16.87		
	$17.15		
	$19.98		
	$20.90		
	$-				 	$100.00			$200.00			$300.00			$400.00		
2011	
2012	
2013	
2014	
2015	
Gross	Revenue	
Gross	Pro9it		
Net	Pro9it
3	
price. And it always involves sustainability
awareness, that means a strong consideration for
both people and the environment, all the way
from the sketchbook to the customer” (Design,
2015).
H&M does not own any of its own factories.
All of H&M’s products are sourced from
independent suppliers, primarily in Europe and
Asia. H&M has been long-term partners with most
of these suppliers, making for trusting and honest
relationships. The companies that H&M partners
with typically manufacture the product and
outsource for fabrics and other components
needed for the product, such as findings,
embellishments, etc. According to the About
H&M site, “Ordering each product at the optimal
moment is an important part of finding the right
balance between price, time and quality”
(Production, 2015). A strength of H&M’s is their
strategy to order high-volume products, such as
basics and children’s wear, far in advance, while
trendier items are ordered at shorter notice and
in smaller quantities. H&M’s lead times can range
from a few weeks to six months (Production,
2015). This is what makes H&M a leading
contributor to the fast-fashion market.
Market Position
Competitors:
The top two competitors of H&M are
Forever 21 and Zara. All of these retailers deliver
the top fast-fashions of the world to similar
consumers at prices they can afford.
Forever 21 is an American company,
headquartered in Los Angeles, California. The
company sells apparel, accessories, and beauty
products for men, women, and teens (America’s,
2015).
Zara is a Spanish company,
headquartered in Arteixo, Spain, known for their
disposable, chic fashions. Zara has apparel and
accessory collections for men, women and kids.
Although Zara’s price point is higher than H&M’s,
they remain in competition due to the similar
target customer base and current, trend-
conscious merchandise (Inditex, 2015).
Product Comparison:
The product assortment of H&M is highly
comparable to its’ competitors. Based on the
New Arrivals of H&M, Forever 21, and Zara, the
following products are offered across the board:
Bodysuits, matching sets, graphic tees and
sweatshirts, lace-up bodysuits, peasant tops,
culottes, denim mini skirts, and midi dresses and
skirts. H&M and Forever 21 present similar styles,
carrying off-the-shoulder tops, basic tees,
activewear, lingerie, and faux suede tops and
bottoms. H&M and Zara trends are similar in prints
and fabrics. Stripes and florals are the most
frequently presented prints from both brands and
lace is a recurring fabric trend for both H&M and
Zara (hm, 2015) (Forever, 2015) (Zara, 2015).
In the New Arrivals section of their website,
H&M is setting themselves apart by offering a
variety of different trendy pieces that are not
seen in their competition’s latest offerings. These
pieces range from t-shirt dresses and long blazers
to ribbed midi dresses and fringe skirts. Some
trends that are shown on the competitor sites
that are not offered at H&M include jumpsuits,
denim sets, slit skirts, masculine coats, and
bomber jackets. In order for H&M to stay up-to-
date and relevant, compared to their
competition, they should consider those missing
items for the upcoming season, while adding that
H&M flare.
H&M SWOT Analysis: 	
Target Customer
Lilah Michaels is 25, working as an
Account Executive at the BBDO Ad Agency in
New York City. Lilah’s income is around $50,300
Strengths
1. Quality and trendy
clothing at an affordable
price
2. Designer
Collaborations/Celebrity
Endorsements
Weaknesses
1. Large orders result in
overstock of items (leads
to many markdowns)
2. Fit is inconsistent due
to varying manufacturers
Opportunities
1. Promotion of current
sustainability efforts
2. Emerging economies
will support future
expansion plans
Threats
1. Unemployment limits
target market’s
discretionary spending
2. Strong, emerging
competitors (Zara,
Forever 21, Primark, River
Island)
$20.90
60%
$4.40
13%
$9.40
27%
Company Sales Comparison - 2015
(Billions $)
H&M
Forever 21
Zara
4	
per year (Glassdoor, 2016). She lives with her
boyfriend in a studio apartment in Williamsburg,
Brooklyn.
Lilah’s favorite hobby is shopping. She
acquires trends as soon as they hit the floors,
staying up-to-date by reading the latest fashion
blogs, such as We Wore What, Always Judging,
and Sincerely Jules. She strives to be fashionable
at all times without investing a lot of money.
When she is not out searching for the latest
trends, Lilah spends most of her time with her
friends, trying new restaurants, strolling the park,
going to concerts, taking fitness classes, and
occasionally going out for a night on the town.
She loves to travel and exercise and is always
keeping up on the latest pop-culture gossip.
Lilah visits the 558 Broadway H&M store in
Soho. If she is looking for something specific, she
will spend about 30 minutes searching the store. If
she is on a leisure-shopping trip, she could spend
up to an hour there. Even when traveling (for
business or pleasure), Lilah stops in to her favorite
spot, H&M. Since new styles are constantly
coming in and out of the store, she frequents
H&M between 4 to 5 times a month. During quick
trips, Lilah spends around $20, while longer trips
can span from $50 to $100. While on these
shopping trips, Lilah also stops into stores such as
Urban Outfitters, Zara, Forever 21, Brandy Melville,
and Topshop.
Lilah has monthly subscriptions to Harper’s
Bazaar, Cosmopolitan, People Magazine, and
InStyle. She follows fashion bloggers, browses
through Tumblr, checks Pinterest, and has
accounts on all social media platforms
(Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat, etc.). Her
favorite fashion icons are Kate Moss, Sophia
Amoruso, and models off-duty.
H&M’s Fall 2016 Theme
H&M’s Fall 2016 line, “Borrowed from the
Boys” introduces clothing made for women, but
inspired by men. Silhouettes of this line originate
from men’s fashion, with boxy, oversized shapes
and a certain slouchiness that relaxes the overall
look. The sense of “pretty” emerges through
fabrics, and subtle details of colors and prints,
inspired by the times of the 60’s and reimagined
for the modern-day woman.
Concept Board: Fall 2016
Inspiration:
The inspiration of “Borrowed from the
Boys” originates with both men’s and women’s
fashion from the 60’s. The modern, evolving
masculine style for women merges with the
pastime of city life in the 60’s to create a fun,
carefree sense of style with a twisted edge.
Colorful, yet subtle, oversized, yet flattering, the
juxtaposition between the qualities of these
styles present women with the ease of dressing
like a man, while savoring that sexy girlish
appeal.
Borrowed
from
the
Boys
5	
“Borrowed From the Boys”
Color Story
Print Story
Fabric Story
Fabric Story: Chart
Swatch Fabric
Name
Fiber
Content
Suitability Special Care Vendor Wholesale
Price/Yard
#1 Kaufman
Shetland
Flannel
100%
Cotton
Medium
Weight
Machine
Wash
Cold/Tumble
Dry Low
Fabric.com $3.99/yd.
#2 11.6 oz
Wool
Nylon
Melton
Wool
80%
Wool/20%
Polyester
Heavyweight Machine
Wash/Tumble
Dry
Fabric.com $6.49/yd.
#3 Ramtex
Micro
suede
100%
Polyester
Lightweight Dry Clean
Only
Fabric.com $2.49/yd.
#4 Kaufman
Laguna
Stretch
Jersey
Knit
95%
Cotton/
5% Lycra
Lightweight Machine
Wash
Cold/Tumble
Dry Low
Fabric.com $3.74/yd.
#5 Stretch
Panne
Velvet
Velour
96%
Polyester/
4% Lycra
Lightweight Machine
Wash
Gentle/Dry
Clean
Fabric.com $1.57/yd.
The Collection
6	
Quick Costing:
The fabric quick costs are all less than the
target fabric cost, therefore all of the garments can
be offered for the retail prices listed in the style
sheets.
6-Month Merchandising Plan:
Style
Number
Unit
Retail
Unit
Cost
Target
Fabric
Cost
Fabric
Quick
Cost
4261 $17.99 $7.20 $4.32 $3.74
9946 $39.99 $16.00 $9.60 $9.58
5749 $45.99 $18.40 $11.04 $10.77
4460 $59.99 $24.00 $14.40 $9.17
5871 $69.99 $28.00 $16.80 $8.23
7689 $65.99 $26.40 $15.84 $6.23
1782 $85.99 $34.40 $20.64 $19.47
1775 $49.99 $20.00 $12.00 $5.48
1798 $34.99 $14.00 $8.40 $4.24
1507 $39.99 $16.00 $9.60 $9.18
Key Items
Style Sheets
The style sheet below is an example of what the
10 total style sheets looks like for the “Borrowed
From the Boys” Fall 2016 Line. This item is one of
the 5 key items.
Merchandising Plans
SEASON
AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN TOTAL
SALE Last Year % 17% 17% 15% 18% 25% 8% 100%
LY $$
$ Plan $42,500 $42,500 $37,500 $45,000 $62,500 $20,000 $250,000
Percent of Increase
Revised
Actual
RETAIL Last Year
STOCK Plan $131,750 $106,250 $86,250 $90,000 $125,000 $70,000 $609,250
(BOM) Percent of Increase
$ Revised
Actual
MARKDOWNS Last Year
Plan (dollar) $850 $850 $750 $900 $1,250 $400 $5,000
$ Plan (%) 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
Percent of Increase
Revised
Actual
RETAIL Last Year
PURCHASES Plan $17,850 $23,350 $42,000 $80,900 $8,750 $103,400 $276,250
Percent of Increase
Revised
Actual
PERCENT OF Last Year
INITIAL Plan $7,140 $9,340 $16,800 $32,360 $3,500 $41,360 $110,500
MARKUPS Percent of Increase 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60%
Revised
Actual
ENDING Last Year
STOCK Plan $106,250 $86,250 $90,000 $125,000 $70,000 $153,000
(EOM) Percent of Increase
31-Jan Revised
Actual
Stock-Sales Ratio 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.0 3.5 2.437
PLAN
SIX-MONTH
MERCHANDISING
7	
November Formulas/Calculations:
• Sales $ = Sales total * Monthly Sales % =
$250,000 * 18% = $45,000
• BOM= Stock to Sales Ratio for month *
Monthly Sales Plan = 2.0 * $45,000 = $90,000
• Markdown $ = Monthly Markdown % *
Monthly Sales = 2% * $45,000 = $900
• Monthly Retail Purchases = Monthly Sales +
Monthly EOM + Monthly Markdowns -
Monthly BOM = $45,000 + $125,000 + $900 -
$90,000 = $80,900
• % of Initial Markups = Retail Purchases * (100-
Markup Percentage) = Retail Purchases * .4
= $80,900 * .4 = $32,360
• EOM for November = BOM for December =
$125,000
• Stock to Sales Ratio = Total Stock BOM/Total
Sales = $609,250 / $250,000 = 2.4
The Retail Planned Purchases for
November at H&M is $80,900. This will be H&M’s
budget for the month of November.
Ratios and Assortment Plan
Ratios
These ratios of class, size, and color are
determined to establish the assortment plan for
H&M’s Fall 2016 line (delivered November 15).
They were calculated based on research of what
styles the H&M customer wants, what can be
worn together, and what the collection will look
like in-stores.
Class Ratios:
Class
Number
Class Percentage
1 Tops 30%
2 Bottoms 30%
3 Jackets/Coats 20%
4 Jumpsuits 10%
5 Vests 10%
Out of the ten items in H&M’s “Borrowed
From the Boys” Collection, three of the pieces
are tops, making up 30% of the collection. Three
pieces are bottoms, making up another 30% of
the collection. Two of the pieces are jackets and
coats, making up 20% of the collection. One
piece is a jumpsuit, making up 10% of the
collection. And one piece is a vest, making up
another 10% of the collection. These ratios add
up to 100%, making up the whole collection.
Size Ratios:
Size Percentage
2 10%
4 20%
6 20%
8 20%
10 10%
12 10%
14 10%
H&M customers are typically between the
ages of 18-35. The average American woman
today is about 140 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches
tall (Livestrong, 2015), meaning that the average
size is about a 14. However, H&M tends to carry a
wider range of smaller sizes than large due to its’
young customer base and European
background. 10% of H&M’s “Borrowed From the
Boys” Collection will be size 2. 20% of the pieces
will be size 4. 20% will be size 6. Another 20% will
be size 8. 10% will be size 10. 10% will be size 12.
And the final 10% will be size 14. These ratios add
up to 100%, making up the whole collection.
Color Ratios:
H&M’s “Borrowed From the Boys” color
palette contains both basic/neutral and fashion
hues, making it the perfect masculine/feminine
mix. The colors for H&M’s Fall 2016 collection
were chosen based off of WGSN’s Fall 2016 color
trend report. The color, Man Cave, is the
dominant shade in the collection (25%) because
of its’ neutrality and versatility, which helps to
balance out the boldness of the other colors and
prints. These ratios add up to 100%, making up
the whole collection.
15%	
20%	
3%	25%	
24%	
10%	
3%	 Penny	
Loafer	
Dried	
Tobacco	
Dapper	
Darling	
Man	Cave	
Lipstick	
Stain	
Married	to	
Mod	
Co	Ed.	
B&W
8	
Assortment Plan
The assortment plan below is an example of what
the 5 total plans look like for the 5 key items in the
“Borrowed From the Boys” Fall 2016 Line.
Purchase Order
The budget for H&M’s 558 Broadway store
in Soho, Manhattan for the Fall 2016 line
(delivered to stores November 15) is $80,900, as
seen on the Six-Month Merchandising Plan. After
completing an assortment plan for the five key
items in the collection, the total cost for H&M will
be $80,898.40. This number is $1.60 less than the
allotted budget for the month of November.
Retail and Line Presentation
Floorplan:
Circled in red: “Borrowed From the Boys”
Collection Display
Floorplan Breakdown:
The average H&M store is
approximately 20,00 to 25,000 square feet (Los
Angeles Times, 2013). Most stores contain
multiple levels and include stairs and/or elevators
and escalators. For the sake of this project, I
designed a single level store, solely containing
women’s wear, so it is smaller than a typical
H&M store. The floorplan for this H&M is 200
feet wide by 100 feet long and a height of 50
feet tall. The front entrance contains two
window displays, one on either side of the
main doors.
The “Borrowed From the Boys”
collection is featured on the entire wall to the
left of the main entrance. The display contains
organized racks and shelves for customers to
shop. The other product categories are
showcased mainly on the back wall and in
the back half of the store on various racks,
shelves, and tables. The fitting rooms are
placed on the right side of the store so that
the customer can see all product offerings
before trying anything on. The storage room is
next to the fitting rooms, containing a restroom
for employees only. The cash wrap is to the right
of the main entrance. There are five registers in
order to keep customer traffic flowing and
increase productivity at the store. This floorplan is
organized, simple to navigate, and aesthetically
pleasing, giving H&M customers an enjoyable
shopping experience.
9	
Planogram: “Borrowed From The Boys”
Planogram: Labeled
Planogram Legend:
Planogram Breakdown:
The planogram for H&M’s
“Borrowed From the Boys” Fall 2016
collection showcase its products in
their most striking colors and is
meant to truly show women that
sexy can come in many forms. The
wall is 100 square feet long and 50
square feet high. Racks R1 and R2
contain the longer items of the
collection to show off the full
length of the garments. Racks R3
and R4 hold the shorter of the
items and also include the more
affordable pieces in the collection.
These items were strategically
placed in ‘reachable’ positions so
that customers are more inclined
to purchase them. S1 contains the
Cropped Sleeveless Mock
Turtleneck top. This top does not
wrinkle easily so a shelf is the
appropriate display for its
showcase. In addition, the Velvet
Joggers are stacked on shelf, S2,
showing shoppers the ease of this
garment. The overall display for
“Borrowed From the Boys” is easy
and simple, just like “boy style.” The
planogram follows the traditional
visual patterns of H&M stores while
expressing a unique twist to show
that something special and new
has arrived in stores.
Style # Items Color Sizes Placement
4261 Cropped Sleeveless
Mock Turtleneck
Top
Dried Tobacco XS-L S1-A
9946 Relaxed ¾ Sleeve
Button-Down Blouse
Man Cave 2-14 R3-A
5749 Collared Overlay
Blouse
Dapper Darling 2-12 R3-B
4460 Long Open Vest Man Cave 2-14 R1-A
5871 Relaxed Sleeveless
Jumpsuit
Lipstick Stain 2-14 R1-C
7689 Micro suede
Bomber Jacket
Lipstick Stain 2-16 R4-A
1782 Oversized Duster Penny Loafer 2-12 R1-B
1775 Micro suede Midi
Skirt
Penny Loafer 2-14 R2-B
1798 Velvet Joggers Man Cave 2-14 S2-B
1507 Structured Culottes Dried Tobacco 2-14 R2-A
10	
Storefront:
Storefront: Labeled
Storefront Legend:
typical H&M storefront is
simple, made up large
glass windows that display
mannequins. The buildings
are typically made of
stone and the lines are
clean and sharp. For this
particular H&M storefront,
the foundation is made up
of a grey and white
marble stone. Two large
windows stand on either
side of the double doors
located directly in the
center of the building. The
H&M sign sits above the
door and is outlined with
round light bulbs to make it
stand out.
In W1, two mannequins
display two of the five
key item outfits in the
collection. The first outfit
is the Cropped
Sleeveless Turtleneck Top
in a size small in the
color, Man Cave, paired
with the Structured
Culottes in a size 4 in the
color, Dried Tobacco.
The second outfit is the
Relaxed Sleeveless
Jumpsuit in a size 4 and
the color, Lipstick Stain,
layered with the Long
Open Vest in a size 4
and the color, Man
Cave.
In W2, two more of
the five key item outfits are
showcased. The first outfit is
the Micro suede bomber
jacket in a size 4 and the
color, Lipstick Stain, and the
Micro Suede Midi Skirt in a
size 4 and the color, Penny
Loafer. The second outfit is
the Long Open Vest in a
size 4 and the color, Man
Cave, layered over the
Velvet Joggers in a size 4
and the color, Dried
Tobacco.
Style # Item Color Size Placement
N/A Mannequin 1 Nude One Size W1-S1
N/A Mannequin 2 Nude One Size W1-S2
N/A Mannequin 3 Nude One Size W2-S1
N/A Mannequin 4 Nude One Size W2-S2
4261-MC Cropped Sleeveless
Turtleneck Top
Man Cave S W1-S1
1507-DT Structured Culottes Dried
Tobacco
4 W1-S1
5871-LS Relaxed Sleeveless
Jumpsuit
Lipstick
Stain
4 W1-S2
4460-MC Long Open Vest Man Cave 4 W1-S2
7689-LS Micro suede Bomber
Jacket
Lipstick
Stain
4 W2-S1
1775-PL Micro suede Midi Skirt Penny
Loafer
4 W2-S1
4460-MC Long Open Vest Man Cave 4 W2-S2
1789-DT Velvet Joggers Dried
Tobacco
4 W2-S2
W1 W2
Storefront
Breakdown:
References
Websites/Articles/etc.:
Allende, M. (2016, February 23). New York Trends, Fall 2016: Velvet. Retrieved February 29, 2016, from
http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/new-york-fall-2016-fashion-trend-velvet-10366022/
Badia, A., & Allende, M. (2016). Las Vegas Trend Preview: Get Cozy for Fall. Retrieved February 17,
2016, from http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/las-vegas-trade-shows-preview-fall-2016-trends-
10344316/
Cloe, A. (2015, October 27). Average American Woman's Weight and Height. Retrieved March 16,
2016, from http://www.livestrong.com/article/357769-weight-height-for-the-average-american-
woman/
Fabric - Apparel - Home Decor - Quilting - Discount Fabric- Fabric.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29,
2016, from https://www.fabric.com/
H&M: Fall/Winter 2015-2016. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://en.vogue.fr/fashion-
shows/defile/fall-winter-2015-2016-paris-hm/13578
H&M. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://heroinandmoss.blogspot.com/p/product-
strategy.html
Hsu, T. (2013, October 16). H&M to open at FIGat7th in downtown LA in 2014. Retrieved March 30,
2016, from http://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/16/home/la-fi-mo-hm-figat7th-dtla-20131016
http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/las-vegas-trade-shows-preview-fall-2016-trends-10344316/
Kendall Jenner and Gigi Debut H&M’s Fall Line in Paris: See All the Runway Looks. (2015). Retrieved
February 17, 2016, from http://stylecaster.com/kendall-jenner-gigi-debut-hm-fall-2016-line-in-paris/
Salary: Marketing Coordinator in New York City, NY. (2015, December 3). Retrieved February 17, 2016,
from https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/new-york-city-marketing-coordinator-salary-
SRCH_IL.0,13_IM615_KO14,35.htm
User Login | WGSN | Creating Tomorrow. (2013, December 23). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from
http://www.wgsn.com/content/reports/#/Colour/w/A_W_15_16/19736
Wolfe, D. (n.d.). Doneger Creative Services. Retrieved February 17, 2016, from
http://www.donegercreativeservices.com/en/big-picture-fall-2016.htm
12	
Images:
Allende, M. (2016, February 23). New York Trends, Fall 2016: Velvet. Retrieved February 29, 2016, from
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Senior Portfolio

  • 1. 1 Carly Eisner FDM 40291 Fashion Merchandising Seminar
  • 2. Company Profile Organizational Structure: H&M stands for Hennes&Mauritz AB, a publicly owned company, headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. With more than 3,900 stores across the world, H&M has become a global pioneer in the fast-fashion industry. Between North and South America, H&M has 516 stores. H&M operates under the H&M, COS, Weekday, Monki, and Cheap Monday brands. H&M Financial Performance (Billions $) Five-Year Summary The financial growth seen in the graph above accredited to H&M’s strong position in the marketplace. Before H&M establishes themselves in a new country or city, they assess the marketpotential, analyzing demographic structure, purchasing power, economic growth, infrastructure, political risk, human rights, and environmental sustainability (Expansion, 2015). These assessments help to ensure the company that they will succeed in that specific location. Brand Strategy and Mission Statement: For H&M, all business operations are performed in an economical, social, and environmentally sustainable way. The company has concern for present and future generations. H&M’s mission statement promises “Fashion and quality at the best price in a sustainable way” (Business, 2015). H&M delivers the most current looks of the season at the optimal time for consumer interest and purchase. Quality is an important aspect of the H&M brand strategy and is achieved at a low price. H&M performs a number of operations to ensure the best price for its’ customers, including, in-house design, no middlemen, large purchasing volumes, buying the right products from the right markets, efficient logistics, and cost-consciousness in all aspects of the organization (Production, 2015). H&M refers to their business guidelines as “The H&M Way,” which includes an inclusive workplace where everyone is treated with integrity, respect, humbleness, and dignity. Growth is a priority for both the company as well as each team member. Health and safety are both extremely important in the H&M work environment. H&M follows an open door policy, where any and all employees can feel comfortable to discuss work-related issues. H&M believes in strong employee relations, where employees should feel that there is a fair partnership. H&M’s business guidelines stress the idea of sustainability in everything they do. H&M prides themselves on their level of ethics, as one of the leading fashion retailers in the world. Lastly, the guidelines express H&M’s respect of privacy, including confidential information and company assets, as well as employee and customer data (H&M, 2015). Fashion and Pricing Strategy: H&M has a unique style concept, providing its customers with the hottest trends in fashion, along with everyday basics and staple pieces. H&M carries collections in Women’s, Men’s, Kids, Divided, &denim, Accessories, Underwear, Cosmetics, H&M Home, and Sportswear. H&M’s pricing strategy is based on the consumer’s need for low price and high fashion. The price range is anywhere from $5 to $200. H&M is able to achieve such low prices by outsourcing production to countries with low labor costs, employing controlled transportation costs, and strict cost control plans regarding executive spending (Marketing, 2015). Sourcing and Manufacturing Process: With approximately 160 In-House Designers, 100 Pattern Makers, and several Design Assistants and Print Designers, the company has a wide variety of talent to supply them with the best product possible. The About H&M website states, “Our design process is about striking the right balance between fashion, quality and the best $110.00 $120.80 $128.56 $151.42 $180.86 $63.25 $68.58 $72.31 $84.58 $97.49 $15.82 $16.87 $17.15 $19.98 $20.90 $- $100.00 $200.00 $300.00 $400.00 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Gross Revenue Gross Pro9it Net Pro9it
  • 3. 3 price. And it always involves sustainability awareness, that means a strong consideration for both people and the environment, all the way from the sketchbook to the customer” (Design, 2015). H&M does not own any of its own factories. All of H&M’s products are sourced from independent suppliers, primarily in Europe and Asia. H&M has been long-term partners with most of these suppliers, making for trusting and honest relationships. The companies that H&M partners with typically manufacture the product and outsource for fabrics and other components needed for the product, such as findings, embellishments, etc. According to the About H&M site, “Ordering each product at the optimal moment is an important part of finding the right balance between price, time and quality” (Production, 2015). A strength of H&M’s is their strategy to order high-volume products, such as basics and children’s wear, far in advance, while trendier items are ordered at shorter notice and in smaller quantities. H&M’s lead times can range from a few weeks to six months (Production, 2015). This is what makes H&M a leading contributor to the fast-fashion market. Market Position Competitors: The top two competitors of H&M are Forever 21 and Zara. All of these retailers deliver the top fast-fashions of the world to similar consumers at prices they can afford. Forever 21 is an American company, headquartered in Los Angeles, California. The company sells apparel, accessories, and beauty products for men, women, and teens (America’s, 2015). Zara is a Spanish company, headquartered in Arteixo, Spain, known for their disposable, chic fashions. Zara has apparel and accessory collections for men, women and kids. Although Zara’s price point is higher than H&M’s, they remain in competition due to the similar target customer base and current, trend- conscious merchandise (Inditex, 2015). Product Comparison: The product assortment of H&M is highly comparable to its’ competitors. Based on the New Arrivals of H&M, Forever 21, and Zara, the following products are offered across the board: Bodysuits, matching sets, graphic tees and sweatshirts, lace-up bodysuits, peasant tops, culottes, denim mini skirts, and midi dresses and skirts. H&M and Forever 21 present similar styles, carrying off-the-shoulder tops, basic tees, activewear, lingerie, and faux suede tops and bottoms. H&M and Zara trends are similar in prints and fabrics. Stripes and florals are the most frequently presented prints from both brands and lace is a recurring fabric trend for both H&M and Zara (hm, 2015) (Forever, 2015) (Zara, 2015). In the New Arrivals section of their website, H&M is setting themselves apart by offering a variety of different trendy pieces that are not seen in their competition’s latest offerings. These pieces range from t-shirt dresses and long blazers to ribbed midi dresses and fringe skirts. Some trends that are shown on the competitor sites that are not offered at H&M include jumpsuits, denim sets, slit skirts, masculine coats, and bomber jackets. In order for H&M to stay up-to- date and relevant, compared to their competition, they should consider those missing items for the upcoming season, while adding that H&M flare. H&M SWOT Analysis: Target Customer Lilah Michaels is 25, working as an Account Executive at the BBDO Ad Agency in New York City. Lilah’s income is around $50,300 Strengths 1. Quality and trendy clothing at an affordable price 2. Designer Collaborations/Celebrity Endorsements Weaknesses 1. Large orders result in overstock of items (leads to many markdowns) 2. Fit is inconsistent due to varying manufacturers Opportunities 1. Promotion of current sustainability efforts 2. Emerging economies will support future expansion plans Threats 1. Unemployment limits target market’s discretionary spending 2. Strong, emerging competitors (Zara, Forever 21, Primark, River Island) $20.90 60% $4.40 13% $9.40 27% Company Sales Comparison - 2015 (Billions $) H&M Forever 21 Zara
  • 4. 4 per year (Glassdoor, 2016). She lives with her boyfriend in a studio apartment in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Lilah’s favorite hobby is shopping. She acquires trends as soon as they hit the floors, staying up-to-date by reading the latest fashion blogs, such as We Wore What, Always Judging, and Sincerely Jules. She strives to be fashionable at all times without investing a lot of money. When she is not out searching for the latest trends, Lilah spends most of her time with her friends, trying new restaurants, strolling the park, going to concerts, taking fitness classes, and occasionally going out for a night on the town. She loves to travel and exercise and is always keeping up on the latest pop-culture gossip. Lilah visits the 558 Broadway H&M store in Soho. If she is looking for something specific, she will spend about 30 minutes searching the store. If she is on a leisure-shopping trip, she could spend up to an hour there. Even when traveling (for business or pleasure), Lilah stops in to her favorite spot, H&M. Since new styles are constantly coming in and out of the store, she frequents H&M between 4 to 5 times a month. During quick trips, Lilah spends around $20, while longer trips can span from $50 to $100. While on these shopping trips, Lilah also stops into stores such as Urban Outfitters, Zara, Forever 21, Brandy Melville, and Topshop. Lilah has monthly subscriptions to Harper’s Bazaar, Cosmopolitan, People Magazine, and InStyle. She follows fashion bloggers, browses through Tumblr, checks Pinterest, and has accounts on all social media platforms (Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat, etc.). Her favorite fashion icons are Kate Moss, Sophia Amoruso, and models off-duty. H&M’s Fall 2016 Theme H&M’s Fall 2016 line, “Borrowed from the Boys” introduces clothing made for women, but inspired by men. Silhouettes of this line originate from men’s fashion, with boxy, oversized shapes and a certain slouchiness that relaxes the overall look. The sense of “pretty” emerges through fabrics, and subtle details of colors and prints, inspired by the times of the 60’s and reimagined for the modern-day woman. Concept Board: Fall 2016 Inspiration: The inspiration of “Borrowed from the Boys” originates with both men’s and women’s fashion from the 60’s. The modern, evolving masculine style for women merges with the pastime of city life in the 60’s to create a fun, carefree sense of style with a twisted edge. Colorful, yet subtle, oversized, yet flattering, the juxtaposition between the qualities of these styles present women with the ease of dressing like a man, while savoring that sexy girlish appeal. Borrowed from the Boys
  • 5. 5 “Borrowed From the Boys” Color Story Print Story Fabric Story Fabric Story: Chart Swatch Fabric Name Fiber Content Suitability Special Care Vendor Wholesale Price/Yard #1 Kaufman Shetland Flannel 100% Cotton Medium Weight Machine Wash Cold/Tumble Dry Low Fabric.com $3.99/yd. #2 11.6 oz Wool Nylon Melton Wool 80% Wool/20% Polyester Heavyweight Machine Wash/Tumble Dry Fabric.com $6.49/yd. #3 Ramtex Micro suede 100% Polyester Lightweight Dry Clean Only Fabric.com $2.49/yd. #4 Kaufman Laguna Stretch Jersey Knit 95% Cotton/ 5% Lycra Lightweight Machine Wash Cold/Tumble Dry Low Fabric.com $3.74/yd. #5 Stretch Panne Velvet Velour 96% Polyester/ 4% Lycra Lightweight Machine Wash Gentle/Dry Clean Fabric.com $1.57/yd. The Collection
  • 6. 6 Quick Costing: The fabric quick costs are all less than the target fabric cost, therefore all of the garments can be offered for the retail prices listed in the style sheets. 6-Month Merchandising Plan: Style Number Unit Retail Unit Cost Target Fabric Cost Fabric Quick Cost 4261 $17.99 $7.20 $4.32 $3.74 9946 $39.99 $16.00 $9.60 $9.58 5749 $45.99 $18.40 $11.04 $10.77 4460 $59.99 $24.00 $14.40 $9.17 5871 $69.99 $28.00 $16.80 $8.23 7689 $65.99 $26.40 $15.84 $6.23 1782 $85.99 $34.40 $20.64 $19.47 1775 $49.99 $20.00 $12.00 $5.48 1798 $34.99 $14.00 $8.40 $4.24 1507 $39.99 $16.00 $9.60 $9.18 Key Items Style Sheets The style sheet below is an example of what the 10 total style sheets looks like for the “Borrowed From the Boys” Fall 2016 Line. This item is one of the 5 key items. Merchandising Plans SEASON AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN TOTAL SALE Last Year % 17% 17% 15% 18% 25% 8% 100% LY $$ $ Plan $42,500 $42,500 $37,500 $45,000 $62,500 $20,000 $250,000 Percent of Increase Revised Actual RETAIL Last Year STOCK Plan $131,750 $106,250 $86,250 $90,000 $125,000 $70,000 $609,250 (BOM) Percent of Increase $ Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last Year Plan (dollar) $850 $850 $750 $900 $1,250 $400 $5,000 $ Plan (%) 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% Percent of Increase Revised Actual RETAIL Last Year PURCHASES Plan $17,850 $23,350 $42,000 $80,900 $8,750 $103,400 $276,250 Percent of Increase Revised Actual PERCENT OF Last Year INITIAL Plan $7,140 $9,340 $16,800 $32,360 $3,500 $41,360 $110,500 MARKUPS Percent of Increase 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% Revised Actual ENDING Last Year STOCK Plan $106,250 $86,250 $90,000 $125,000 $70,000 $153,000 (EOM) Percent of Increase 31-Jan Revised Actual Stock-Sales Ratio 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.0 3.5 2.437 PLAN SIX-MONTH MERCHANDISING
  • 7. 7 November Formulas/Calculations: • Sales $ = Sales total * Monthly Sales % = $250,000 * 18% = $45,000 • BOM= Stock to Sales Ratio for month * Monthly Sales Plan = 2.0 * $45,000 = $90,000 • Markdown $ = Monthly Markdown % * Monthly Sales = 2% * $45,000 = $900 • Monthly Retail Purchases = Monthly Sales + Monthly EOM + Monthly Markdowns - Monthly BOM = $45,000 + $125,000 + $900 - $90,000 = $80,900 • % of Initial Markups = Retail Purchases * (100- Markup Percentage) = Retail Purchases * .4 = $80,900 * .4 = $32,360 • EOM for November = BOM for December = $125,000 • Stock to Sales Ratio = Total Stock BOM/Total Sales = $609,250 / $250,000 = 2.4 The Retail Planned Purchases for November at H&M is $80,900. This will be H&M’s budget for the month of November. Ratios and Assortment Plan Ratios These ratios of class, size, and color are determined to establish the assortment plan for H&M’s Fall 2016 line (delivered November 15). They were calculated based on research of what styles the H&M customer wants, what can be worn together, and what the collection will look like in-stores. Class Ratios: Class Number Class Percentage 1 Tops 30% 2 Bottoms 30% 3 Jackets/Coats 20% 4 Jumpsuits 10% 5 Vests 10% Out of the ten items in H&M’s “Borrowed From the Boys” Collection, three of the pieces are tops, making up 30% of the collection. Three pieces are bottoms, making up another 30% of the collection. Two of the pieces are jackets and coats, making up 20% of the collection. One piece is a jumpsuit, making up 10% of the collection. And one piece is a vest, making up another 10% of the collection. These ratios add up to 100%, making up the whole collection. Size Ratios: Size Percentage 2 10% 4 20% 6 20% 8 20% 10 10% 12 10% 14 10% H&M customers are typically between the ages of 18-35. The average American woman today is about 140 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches tall (Livestrong, 2015), meaning that the average size is about a 14. However, H&M tends to carry a wider range of smaller sizes than large due to its’ young customer base and European background. 10% of H&M’s “Borrowed From the Boys” Collection will be size 2. 20% of the pieces will be size 4. 20% will be size 6. Another 20% will be size 8. 10% will be size 10. 10% will be size 12. And the final 10% will be size 14. These ratios add up to 100%, making up the whole collection. Color Ratios: H&M’s “Borrowed From the Boys” color palette contains both basic/neutral and fashion hues, making it the perfect masculine/feminine mix. The colors for H&M’s Fall 2016 collection were chosen based off of WGSN’s Fall 2016 color trend report. The color, Man Cave, is the dominant shade in the collection (25%) because of its’ neutrality and versatility, which helps to balance out the boldness of the other colors and prints. These ratios add up to 100%, making up the whole collection. 15% 20% 3% 25% 24% 10% 3% Penny Loafer Dried Tobacco Dapper Darling Man Cave Lipstick Stain Married to Mod Co Ed. B&W
  • 8. 8 Assortment Plan The assortment plan below is an example of what the 5 total plans look like for the 5 key items in the “Borrowed From the Boys” Fall 2016 Line. Purchase Order The budget for H&M’s 558 Broadway store in Soho, Manhattan for the Fall 2016 line (delivered to stores November 15) is $80,900, as seen on the Six-Month Merchandising Plan. After completing an assortment plan for the five key items in the collection, the total cost for H&M will be $80,898.40. This number is $1.60 less than the allotted budget for the month of November. Retail and Line Presentation Floorplan: Circled in red: “Borrowed From the Boys” Collection Display Floorplan Breakdown: The average H&M store is approximately 20,00 to 25,000 square feet (Los Angeles Times, 2013). Most stores contain multiple levels and include stairs and/or elevators and escalators. For the sake of this project, I designed a single level store, solely containing women’s wear, so it is smaller than a typical H&M store. The floorplan for this H&M is 200 feet wide by 100 feet long and a height of 50 feet tall. The front entrance contains two window displays, one on either side of the main doors. The “Borrowed From the Boys” collection is featured on the entire wall to the left of the main entrance. The display contains organized racks and shelves for customers to shop. The other product categories are showcased mainly on the back wall and in the back half of the store on various racks, shelves, and tables. The fitting rooms are placed on the right side of the store so that the customer can see all product offerings before trying anything on. The storage room is next to the fitting rooms, containing a restroom for employees only. The cash wrap is to the right of the main entrance. There are five registers in order to keep customer traffic flowing and increase productivity at the store. This floorplan is organized, simple to navigate, and aesthetically pleasing, giving H&M customers an enjoyable shopping experience.
  • 9. 9 Planogram: “Borrowed From The Boys” Planogram: Labeled Planogram Legend: Planogram Breakdown: The planogram for H&M’s “Borrowed From the Boys” Fall 2016 collection showcase its products in their most striking colors and is meant to truly show women that sexy can come in many forms. The wall is 100 square feet long and 50 square feet high. Racks R1 and R2 contain the longer items of the collection to show off the full length of the garments. Racks R3 and R4 hold the shorter of the items and also include the more affordable pieces in the collection. These items were strategically placed in ‘reachable’ positions so that customers are more inclined to purchase them. S1 contains the Cropped Sleeveless Mock Turtleneck top. This top does not wrinkle easily so a shelf is the appropriate display for its showcase. In addition, the Velvet Joggers are stacked on shelf, S2, showing shoppers the ease of this garment. The overall display for “Borrowed From the Boys” is easy and simple, just like “boy style.” The planogram follows the traditional visual patterns of H&M stores while expressing a unique twist to show that something special and new has arrived in stores. Style # Items Color Sizes Placement 4261 Cropped Sleeveless Mock Turtleneck Top Dried Tobacco XS-L S1-A 9946 Relaxed ¾ Sleeve Button-Down Blouse Man Cave 2-14 R3-A 5749 Collared Overlay Blouse Dapper Darling 2-12 R3-B 4460 Long Open Vest Man Cave 2-14 R1-A 5871 Relaxed Sleeveless Jumpsuit Lipstick Stain 2-14 R1-C 7689 Micro suede Bomber Jacket Lipstick Stain 2-16 R4-A 1782 Oversized Duster Penny Loafer 2-12 R1-B 1775 Micro suede Midi Skirt Penny Loafer 2-14 R2-B 1798 Velvet Joggers Man Cave 2-14 S2-B 1507 Structured Culottes Dried Tobacco 2-14 R2-A
  • 10. 10 Storefront: Storefront: Labeled Storefront Legend: typical H&M storefront is simple, made up large glass windows that display mannequins. The buildings are typically made of stone and the lines are clean and sharp. For this particular H&M storefront, the foundation is made up of a grey and white marble stone. Two large windows stand on either side of the double doors located directly in the center of the building. The H&M sign sits above the door and is outlined with round light bulbs to make it stand out. In W1, two mannequins display two of the five key item outfits in the collection. The first outfit is the Cropped Sleeveless Turtleneck Top in a size small in the color, Man Cave, paired with the Structured Culottes in a size 4 in the color, Dried Tobacco. The second outfit is the Relaxed Sleeveless Jumpsuit in a size 4 and the color, Lipstick Stain, layered with the Long Open Vest in a size 4 and the color, Man Cave. In W2, two more of the five key item outfits are showcased. The first outfit is the Micro suede bomber jacket in a size 4 and the color, Lipstick Stain, and the Micro Suede Midi Skirt in a size 4 and the color, Penny Loafer. The second outfit is the Long Open Vest in a size 4 and the color, Man Cave, layered over the Velvet Joggers in a size 4 and the color, Dried Tobacco. Style # Item Color Size Placement N/A Mannequin 1 Nude One Size W1-S1 N/A Mannequin 2 Nude One Size W1-S2 N/A Mannequin 3 Nude One Size W2-S1 N/A Mannequin 4 Nude One Size W2-S2 4261-MC Cropped Sleeveless Turtleneck Top Man Cave S W1-S1 1507-DT Structured Culottes Dried Tobacco 4 W1-S1 5871-LS Relaxed Sleeveless Jumpsuit Lipstick Stain 4 W1-S2 4460-MC Long Open Vest Man Cave 4 W1-S2 7689-LS Micro suede Bomber Jacket Lipstick Stain 4 W2-S1 1775-PL Micro suede Midi Skirt Penny Loafer 4 W2-S1 4460-MC Long Open Vest Man Cave 4 W2-S2 1789-DT Velvet Joggers Dried Tobacco 4 W2-S2 W1 W2 Storefront Breakdown:
  • 11. References Websites/Articles/etc.: Allende, M. (2016, February 23). New York Trends, Fall 2016: Velvet. Retrieved February 29, 2016, from http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/new-york-fall-2016-fashion-trend-velvet-10366022/ Badia, A., & Allende, M. (2016). Las Vegas Trend Preview: Get Cozy for Fall. Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/las-vegas-trade-shows-preview-fall-2016-trends- 10344316/ Cloe, A. (2015, October 27). Average American Woman's Weight and Height. Retrieved March 16, 2016, from http://www.livestrong.com/article/357769-weight-height-for-the-average-american- woman/ Fabric - Apparel - Home Decor - Quilting - Discount Fabric- Fabric.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from https://www.fabric.com/ H&M: Fall/Winter 2015-2016. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://en.vogue.fr/fashion- shows/defile/fall-winter-2015-2016-paris-hm/13578 H&M. (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://heroinandmoss.blogspot.com/p/product- strategy.html Hsu, T. (2013, October 16). H&M to open at FIGat7th in downtown LA in 2014. Retrieved March 30, 2016, from http://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/16/home/la-fi-mo-hm-figat7th-dtla-20131016 http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/las-vegas-trade-shows-preview-fall-2016-trends-10344316/ Kendall Jenner and Gigi Debut H&M’s Fall Line in Paris: See All the Runway Looks. (2015). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://stylecaster.com/kendall-jenner-gigi-debut-hm-fall-2016-line-in-paris/ Salary: Marketing Coordinator in New York City, NY. (2015, December 3). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/new-york-city-marketing-coordinator-salary- SRCH_IL.0,13_IM615_KO14,35.htm User Login | WGSN | Creating Tomorrow. (2013, December 23). Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://www.wgsn.com/content/reports/#/Colour/w/A_W_15_16/19736 Wolfe, D. (n.d.). Doneger Creative Services. Retrieved February 17, 2016, from http://www.donegercreativeservices.com/en/big-picture-fall-2016.htm
  • 12. 12 Images: Allende, M. (2016, February 23). New York Trends, Fall 2016: Velvet. Retrieved February 29, 2016, from http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/new-york-fall-2016-fashion-trend-velvet-10366022/ http://www.donegercreativeservices.com/en/big-picture-fall-2016.htm http://en.vogue.fr/fashion-shows/defile/fall-winter-2015-2016-paris-hm/13578 Fabric - Apparel - Home Decor - Quilting - Discount Fabric- Fabric.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from https://www.fabric.com/ Fashion Technical Drawing: 250 Free Vector Fashion Flat Sketches. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from http://www.designersnexus.com/fashion-design-portfolio/digital-fashion-flat-sketches/ Pantone. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from https://www.pantone.com/pages/pantone/index.aspx https://www.pinterest.com/search/pins/?q=boxy%20silhouette%20women's%20fashion&rs=typed&0= boxy%7Ctyped&1=silhouette%7Ctyped&2=women's%7Ctyped&3=fashion%7Ctyped https://www.pinterest.com/search/pins/?q=masculine%20women's%20fall%20fashion&rs=typed&0=m asculine%7Ctyped&1=women's%7Ctyped&2=fall%7Ctyped&3=fashion%7Ctyped User Login | WGSN | Creating Tomorrow. (2015, September 15). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from http://www.wgsn.com/content/search/#/black%20and%20white http://www.wgsn.com/content/reports/#/Colour/w/A_W_15_16/19736 http://wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/las-vegas-trade-shows-preview-fall-2016-trends-10344316/