FOSS4G in Europe; Italy and the Politecnico de Milano

GEO Laboratory
Como Campus
FOSS4G in Europe, Italy and
the Politecnico di Milano
Politecnico di Milano, DICA – GEO Laboratory at Como Campus
http://geomatica.como.polimi.it/
Maria Antonia Brovelli, Carolina Arias Munoz,
Marco Minghini, Monia Molinari and Giorgio Zamboni
University of Colorado Denver FOSS4G Lab
Spring 2015 Speaker Series
Wed March 4, 12:00-1:00 PM US Mountain Time (7:00 PM GMT)

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✔ 1994: my first course in “Digital Cartography” (the first
in Italy with GIS practice) at the Como Campus of
Politecnico di Milano
✔ 1998: Birth of the Geomatics Lab at the Como Campus
of Politecnico di Milano
✔ 1998: First thesis with GRASS
✔ 2000: at the Como Campus was organized the “First
Meeting of Italian Users of GRASS”
✔ 2000: the First Number of Geomatics Workbooks with an
Introduction to GRASS GIS by Markus Neteler was
issued
✔ 2002: in Trento the first international “Open Source
Free Software GIS - GRASS users conference” was
organized: 140 attendees !!!
http://www.ing.unitn.it/~grass/conferences/GRASS2002/home.html
A bit of history …

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✔ 2004: FOSS4G 2004 - Free/Libre and Open Source
Software for Geoinformatics in Bangkok

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✔ 2007: Birth of the Italian Association “GFOSS.it”. The
Headquarter of the Association were at Como Campus of
Politecnico di Milano.
✔ 2008: GFOSS became OSGeo Italian Chapter
✔ 2012: NASA World Wind Summer School

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✔ 2012: ZOO Open WPS platform Knowledge
Partner
✔ 2013: GeoForAll initiative (Maria Member of
the Advisory Board)
✔ 2013: 1°NASA World Wind Europa Challenge,
Florence
✔ 2014: First FOSS4G Europe and 2° NASA
World Wind Europa Challenge

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✔ Politecnico di Milano, Como Campus (Italy) – July 14-17, 2015
http://europe.foss4g.org/2015
Coming soon … @foss4ge

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✔ 6 scientific sessions (submission deadline: March 9, 2015)
FOSS4G Europe 2015 conference
➔ General Track
➔ Academic Track
➔ Water Track
➔ Open Data Track
➔ Library Track
➔ Indoor/outdoor Positioning Track
✔ Complimentary events:
➔ Practical workshops
➔ Hacker Code Sprint
➔ NASA World Wind Europa Challenge
➔ 4 Mapping Parties
➔ GeoForAll Labs meeting
http://europe.foss4g.org/2015

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Desktop GIS
GRASS commands for
filtering
LiDAR Data and for
interpolating
them to obtain DTM
2002
http://grasswiki.osgeo.org
/wiki/LIDAR

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WebGIS
http://webgis2.como.polimi.it/agew/ 2002-2004

A GIS-BASED ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF
GLOBELAND30 ON ITALIAN AREA
Maria Brovelli, Monia Molinari
Politecnico di Milano, DICA - Hydroinformatics Lab at Como Campus

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GlobeLand30
SOURCES:
- Landsat TM and ETM+
- HJ-1
RESOLUTION:
- 30 m
FORMAT:
- Raster
REFERENCE SYSTEM:
- WGS84 / UTM
BASELINE YEARS:
- 2000, 2010
OVERALL ACCURACY:
- 80% (preliminary tests)
GlobeLand30 (from www.globallandcover.com)
New global land cover dataset produced by the National Geomatic
Center of China and released in September 2014 as open data.

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Reference Data
SOURCES:
- HR satellite images
- Aerial orthophotos
RESOLUTION:
- 5 m
FORMAT:
- Vector (Shape File)
REFERENCE SYSTEMS:
- Roma40/Gauss Boaga
- WGS 84/ UTM 32-33 N
- ETRS89 /UTM 32-33 N
LEGEND:
- Corine Land Cover
Friuli Venezia Giulia
Land Cover 2000 - 1:25’000
Veneto
Land Cover 2007/2009 - 1:10’000
Emilia Romagna
Land Cover 2003 - 1:10’000
Land Cover 2008 - 1:10’000
Sardegna
Land Cover 1997/2000 - 1:25’000
Land Cover 2003/2006 - 1:25’000
Liguria
Land Cover 2000 - 1:10’000
Land Cover 2012 - 1:10’000
Lombardia
Land Cover 1999/2000 - 1:10’000
Land Cover 2012 - 1:10’000
Autonomous Province of Bolzano
Land Cover 2000 - 1:10’000
Autonomous Province of Trento
Land Cover 2000 - 1:10’000
Abruzzo
Land Cover 1997- 1:25’000

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Accuracy Analysis
A B C D
A fAA fAB fAC fAD fA+
B fBA fBB fBC fBD fB+
C fCA fCB fCC fCD fC+
D fDA fDB fDC fDD fD+
f+A f+B f+C f+D n
CLASSIFICATION
f+i = marginal sum of column i (i = A, B, C, D)
fi+ = marginal sum of row i (i = A, B, C, D)
n = total number of cells
CONFUSION MATRIX
GROUND TRUTH (REFERENCE)
The comparison can be performed through a pixel-by-pixel procedure that
allows to obtain the confusion or error matrix.

𝑶𝑨 =
𝑓𝑖𝑖
𝑛
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Accuracy Analysis
A B C D
A fAA fAB fAC fAD fA+
B fBA fBB fBC fBD fB+
C fCA fCB fCC fCD fC+
D fDA fDB fDC fDD fD+
f+A f+B f+C f+D n
CLASSIFICATION
CONFUSION MATRIX DERIVED STATISTICS
(i = A, B, C, D)
Overall accuracy: percentage of correctly
classified pixels
GROUND TRUTH (REFERENCE)
The comparison can be performed through a pixel-by-pixel procedure that
allows to obtain the confusion or error matrix.

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GRASS GIS-Based procedure
RASTERIZATION
REGION
v.to.rast
• 5 m
• 30 m
Vector Raster 30 m Raster 5 m

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CODE CORINE LEGEND GLOBELAND30 LEGEND
1 Artificial surfaces Artificial cover
2 Agricultural areas Croplands
3 Forests and semi natural areas
Forest, Grass, Shrub, Bare land, Permanent ice or
snow
4 Wetlands Wetlands
5 Water bodies Water
RASTERIZATION
REGION
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
v.to.rast
GL30
GL30
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
• I scheme
• II scheme
• I scheme
• II scheme
• 5 m
• 30 m

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RASTERIZATION
REGION
RE-CLASSIFICATION
GL30
GL30
RE-CLASSIFICATION
CODE CORINE LEGEND GLOBELAND30 LEGEND
1 Artificial surfaces Artificial cover
2 Agricultural areas Croplands
31 Forests Forests
32
Scrub and/or herbaceous vegetation
associations
Grass, shrub
330 Open spaces with little or no vegetation Bare land
335 Glaciers and perpetual snow Permanent ice or snow
4 Wetlands Wetlands
5 Water bodies Water
r.reclass
r.reclassv.to.rast
• I scheme
• II scheme
• I scheme
• II scheme
• 5 m
• 30 m

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GL30
r.kappa
COMPARISON
RASTERIZATION
REGION
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
v.to.rast
GL30
GL30
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
• I scheme
• II scheme
• I scheme
• II scheme
• 5 m
• 30 m
LOMBARDIA LAND COVERGLOBELAND30

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GL30
r.kappa
COMPARISON
RASTERIZATION
REGION
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
v.to.rast
GL30
GL30
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
COMPARISON
r.kappa
BUFFER
r.buffer
• I scheme
• II scheme
• I scheme
• II scheme
• 5 m
• 30 m
LOMBARDIA LAND COVERGLOBELAND30

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r.patch
TILES MERGING
REPROJECTION
REGION
RASTERIZATION
v.to.rast
v.proj
GL30
GL30
REPROJECTION
r.proj
COMPARISON
RASTER EDITING
r.mapcalc r.mapcalc
RASTER EDITING
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclass
RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclassr.kappa
COMPARISON RE-CLASSIFICATION
r.reclassr.kappa
• 5 m
• 30 m
• I scheme
• II scheme
• I scheme
• II scheme

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Results & further research
OVERALL ACCURACY VALUES RANGE (30 m DATASETS)
• Develop a geo-platform to involve citizens in the improvement of the land cover
classification quality
• Complete the analysis on the remaining Italian regions
I schema, buffer
I schema, no buffer
II schema, no buffer
II schema, buffer
OA[%]
100
90
80
70
60

Web-based spatial information
systems in the water domain
Maria Antonia Brovelli, Carolina Arias Muñoz, Simone Corti
Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Hydroinformatics Lab at Como Campus

Publish
Discover
UseStorage AccessData
Interoperability!!
Water Spatial Data Infrastructure SDI

Hydrology
(RFC Basins,
NHDPlus Catchments)
Hydraulics
(National Flood Hazard Layer,
Flood Inundation Map Libraries)
Geospatial
Temporal
Time Series
(WaterML2 and .csv)
Multidimensional Arrays
(WCS and netCDF)
Slide source: David Maidment
Water Spatial Data : water data framework

WPS
Data
Time Series
Geospatial
Multidimensional arrays
Observations
Processed
Data
WMSWCS SOSWFS
Web service = Any software which makes itself
available over the internet and uses a standard XML
(eXtensible Markup Language)
messaging system
*Hydrological Models
Geospatial Web Services for Water
Hydraulics

Server Side Client Side
….. …..
FOSS Software for a Water SDI

Ongoing Projects
POLIRISPOSTA
Objective
To build a model, tools and advanced technology solutions for the collection, mapping and
evaluation of post-flood damage data, that will be useful for all organizations involved in
risk management, specially the Civil Protection.
Workgroup
Departments involved: DASTU, DICA, DEIB
Coordinator: Francesco Ballio
Risk Assessment: Francesco Ballio, Scira Menoni, Daniela Molinari, Funda Atun, Guido
Minucci
GIS: Maria Brovelli, Carolina Arias
ICT: Mirjana Mazuran, Danilo Ardagna
Begin – End
Date
September 2013 – October 2015
Main expected
results
 Methodology and operative steps for the reconstruction of the flood event aftermath ( ex-
post)
 Standard procedure to collect flood damage data on the field
 Web GIS for the visualization and analysis of geospatial data ( for experts and non experts)
stRumentI per la protezione civile a Supporto delle POpolazioni nel poST Alluvione.
(Tools for Civil Protection to support the community affected by floods on the post event)

Ongoing Projects
IMMR Geoportal
Objective
The IMRR project aims at developing and promoting strategies for the sustainable
management of the Red-Thai Binh Rivers System in Vietnam through coordinated
decision-making and negotiation, supported by modelling and optimization tools and
through capacity building of local authorities in the water sector.
The geoportal allows to visualize, analyse and compare different planning alternatives
for the management of the Red River water system in Vietnam, as a result of the Multi
Criteria Decision Analysis methodology applied in the IMRR project
Workgroup
Departments involved: DICA, DEIB
WebGIS Component: Carolina Arias, Maria Brovelli, Simone Corti
Domain experts: Marco Micotti, Rodolfo Soncini-Sessa, and Enrico Weber
Begin – End Date December 2013 – January 2015
Main expected
results
 Methodology and operative steps for the reconstruction of the flood event aftermath (
ex- post)
 Standard procedure to collect flood damage data on the field
 Web GIS for the visualization and analysis of geospatial data ( for experts and non
experts)
A FOSS based webGIS for supporting Integrated and sustainable water Management of Red-Thai
Binh Rivers System in changing climate - IMRR -

Geomatics Laboratory
Como Campus
Experiences in VGI and citizen
science projects
Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Geomatics Laboratory at Como Campus
Maria Antonia Brovelli, Marco Minghini, Giorgio Zamboni

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✔ Set of practices in which citizens participate in data collection, analysis
and dissemination of a scientific project
✔ Active or passive
✔ Explicit or implicit
✔ Classification (Haklay 2013)
Citizen science
✗ volunteered computing: citizens download data, run analyses on their own
computers and send back data to the server
✗ volunteered thinking: citizens perform classification works
✗ participatory sensing: applications centered on mobile phones capabilities
➔ 'classic' citizen science: amateurs engaged in traditional scientific activities
➔ community science: measurements and analysis carried out by amateurs in
order to set action plans to deal with environmental problems
➔ citizen cyberscience: use of computers, GPS receivers and mobile phones
GEO Laboratory, Politecnico di Milano – Como Campus

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✔ Set of practices in which citizens participate in data collection, analysis
and dissemination of a scientific project
✔ Active or passive
✔ Explicit or implicit
✔ Classification (Haklay 2013)
Citizen science – Our experience
➔ 'classic' citizen science: amateurs engaged in traditional scientific activities
➔ community science: measurements and analysis carried out by amateurs in
order to set action plans to deal with environmental problems
➔ citizen cyberscience: use of computers, GPS receivers and mobile phones
✗ volunteered computing: citizens download data, run analyses on their own
computers and send back data to the server
✗ volunteered thinking: citizens perform classification works
✗ participatory sensing: applications centered on mobile phones capabilities

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➔ field-data collection from mobile devices
➔ data access and interaction based on user privileges
➔ data Web publication and sharing
➔ data access through multi-dimensional (2D and 3D) Web interfaces
➔ data participative enrichment
✔ To build an architecture for participatory sensing applications enabling:
Our purpose
✔ To use FOSS4G (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial)

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Participatory sensing FOSS architecture

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Report of road pavement damages
➔ classification of the type of damage and its severity degree
➔ open to everyone, advertised through the media (TV and newspapers)
✔ Report of road pavement damages, winter 2012-13

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Report of architectural barriers
➔ physical obstacles for the mobility of people (stairs, ramps, pathways)
➔ verification of the compliance with the current Italian legislation
➔ performed by students within a collaboration action with a local high school
✔ Report of architectural barriers, fall 2013

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Report of architectural barriers

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Mapping street furniture elements
➔ benches, litter bins, waste bells, fountains
➔ performed by students within a collaboration action with a local high school
✔ Report of street furniture elements, spring 2014

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Mapping elements along cultural paths
✔ Map parties within INTERREG project “The paths of Via Regina”, ongoing
SVIZZERA

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➔ user report of points of interest related to history, culture, tourism and other
services along the paths connected to the ancient Via Regina
➔ one-day events (jointly organized with a cultural association of hikers) which
target local communities and are advertised ad hoc
✔ Map parties within INTERREG project “The paths of Via Regina”, ongoing

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Comparison OSM/authoritative road datasets
➔ evaluation of spatial accuracy and completeness
➔ user-driven procedure (e.g. by entering parameters value)
✔ GRASS-based automated procedure to compare road network datasets
from OpenStreetMap (OSM) and authoritative data sources:

GEO Laboratory
Como Campus
Multidimensional web mapping
NASA World Wind examples
Politecnico di Milano, DICA – GEO Laboratory at Como Campus
Maria Antonia Brovelli and Giorgio Zamboni

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Multi-Dimensional Map Clients
✔ Currently the most of the Internet viewers are bi-
dimensional (horizontal).
✔ Virtual globe: a 3D representation of the Earth
Advantages:
– more immersive effects
– intuitive interactions
– ability to freely move around in the virtual
environment by changing the viewing angle and
location
– capability of representing many different views on
the surface of the Earth

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NASA World Wind SDK
✔ SDK (Software Development Kit)
✔ Virtual Globe
✔ NASA Open Source Agreement License
✔ Multi-Platform (Java: “Write Once, Run AnyWhere”)
✔ JOGL (Java OpenGL 3D - Engine)
✔ V1.5 (JOGL 1), v2.0.0 (JOGL2), and nightly builds
✔ Web: http://goworldwind.org

FOSS4G in Europe; Italy and the Politecnico de Milano

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