Communication & organizational ethics

COMMUNICATION & ORGANIZATIONAL
ETHICS
BY: CHELDY SYGACO ELUMBA-PABLEO,MPA,LLB
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION

ETHICS IN ORGANIZATION
• “ETHICS must begin at the top
of an organization. It is a
leadership issue and the chief
executive must set an
example.”—Former Chief
Justice Edward Hennessey,
Massachusetts Supreme Court

COMMUNICATION ETHICS
The principle governing
communication, the right and
wrong aspects of it, the
moral- immoral dimensions
relevant to Interpersonal
communication are called the
ethics of Interpersonal
communication.

Maintaining the correct
balance between the speaking
and listening
the legitimacy of fear and
emotional appeal
degree of criticism and praise.

A death or an overdose of either of
the factors could result in
unfavorable consequences.
The principle of honesty on both
sides should be completely applied
because any amount of insincerity
from either the listener or the
speaker would not be prudent.

FUNDAMENTALS OF ETHICAL COMMUNICATION
• responsible thinking
• decision making
• development of relationships and
communities
• Contexts
• Cultures
• Channels
• Media

• RESPONSIBLE THINKING--
means teaching them how
to think on their own and
create their own effective
plans rather than someone
else doing the thinking for
them.

• DECISION-MAKING is
regarded as the cognitive
process resulting in the
selection of a belief or a
course of action among
several alternative
possibilities.

• Every DECISION-MAKING process
produces a final choice, which
may or may not prompt action.
• It is the process of identifying
and choosing alternatives based
on the values, preferences and
beliefs of the decision-maker.

• DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONSHIPS
AND COMMUNITIES— ”the most
important single ingredient in
the formula of success is
knowing how to get along with
people.”—Theodore Roosevelt

• DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONSHIPS
AND COMMUNITIES---One of the
most profound experiences we can
have in our lives is the connection
we have with other human beings.
• Positive and supportive
relationships will help us to feel
healthier, happier, and more
satisfied with our lives.

• CONTEXTS --Moral principles that a
person's behaviour or the conducting of
an activity.
• Ethics is our feelings, beliefs, doings and
acceptance.
• Workplaces are mixes of many ethical
values each person brings a personal view
of what is ethical .
• We communicate our value and beliefs to
other via verbal and non verbal behavior.

• CULTURES--Cross-cultural
communication is a necessity for any
company that has a diverse workforce or
plans on conducting global business.
• This type of communication provides an
understanding of how employees of
different cultures speak,
communicate and perceive the world
around them.

• COMMUNICATION CHANNELS--
refer to the way this information flows
within the organization.
• In this web known as communication, a
manager becomes a link.
• Instructions or decisions flow upwards,
downwards or sideways, depending on the
position of the manager in
the communication web.

• MEDIA--According to Wilbur Schramm, the role of
media in development can be divided into three
parts:
• (i) to inform
• (ii) to instruct and
• (iii) to participate
• To inform: for the development of the society,
correct social, political and economic influence is the
main criteria. ... Mass media plays an
important role in this.

UNETHICAL COMMUNICATION
• threatens the quality of all
communicationandconsequentlythe
well-being of individuals and the
society.
• A business with unethical
communication practices is not as
effective as one with ethical
communicationpractices.

PRINCIPLES OF ETHICAL COMMUNICATION
• advocate truthfulness,
accuracy, honesty, and
reason as essential to the
integrity of communication.

• endorse freedom of
expression, diversity of
perspective, and tolerance
of dissent to achieve the
informed and responsible
decision making fundamental
to a civil society.

• strive to understand and
respect other communicators
before evaluating and
responding to their messages.

• promote access to
communication resources and
opportunities as necessary to
fulfil human potential and
contribute to the well-being
of families, communities, and
society.

• promote communication
climates of caring and
mutual understanding that
respect the unique needs
and characteristics of
individual communicators.

• condemn communication that
degrades individuals and
humanity through distortion,
intimidation, coercion, and
violence, and through the
expression of intolerance and
hatred.

• Being committed to the
courageous expression of
personal convictions in
pursuit of fairness and
justice.

• advocate sharing information,
opinions, and feelings when
facing significant choices while
also respecting privacy and
confidentiality.

• accept responsibility for
the short- and long- term
consequences for our
own communication and
expect the same of
others.

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ETHICS
• INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal communication refers to
communication with another person.
THIS KIND OF COMMUNICATION IS
SUBDIVIDED INTO:
• dyadic communication
• public communication
• small-group communication.

PRINCIPLES OF INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
• Inescapable
• Irreversible
• Complicated
• Contextual
• Psychological context
• Relational context
• Situational context
• Environmental context
• Cultural context

COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal communication is INESCAPABLE.
• We can't not communicate.
• The very attempt not
to communicate communicates something.
• Through not only words, but through tone of
voice and through gesture, posture, facial
expression, etc.
• we constantly communicate to those around
us, even when you sleep, you communicate.

COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal
communication is IRREVERSIBLE.
• You can't really take back something once it
has been said.
• The effect must inevitably remain.
• SELF SERVING BIAS: This is also another say
to “blame” others for our responsibilities.

COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal
communication is COMPLICATED.
• No form of communication is simple.
Because of the number of variables involved,
even simple requests are extremely
complex.
• The more communication there is, the more
difficult it is for communication to succeed.

COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal
communication is CONTEXTUAL.
• In other words, communication does not
happen in isolation.
• There is: Psychological context, which is
who you are and what you bring to the
interaction.
• ("You" here refers to both participants in the
interaction.)

COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal communication is
contextual.
• Your needs, desires, values,
personality, etc., all form
the PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTEXT.
• ("You" here refers to both participants
in the interaction.) Relational context,
which concerns your reactions to the
other person--the "mix."

COMMUNICATION
• RELATIONAL CONTEXT-subset of
interpersonal communication that focuses
on the expression and interpretation of
messages within close relationships.
• It includes all types of messages and
interactions, as long as it is between two
people in a close relationship (from
vital relational messages to mundane
everyday interactions.

COMMUNICATION
• SITUATIONAL CONTEXT deals
with the psycho-social "where"
you are communicating.

COMMUNICATION
• ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION is
communication about environmental affairs.
• This includes all of the diverse forms of
interpersonal, group, public, organizational,
and mediated communication that make up
the social debate about environmental issues
and problems, and our relationship to the
rest of nature.

COMMUNICATION
• Cultural context includes
all the learned behaviors
and rules that affect the
interaction.

FUNCTIONS OF INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
• Gaining Information
• Building a Context of Understanding
• Establishing Identity
• Interpersonal Needs
• Inclusion
• Control
• Affection

DISTANCE
• Provides necessary space for each
communicative partner to contribute to the
relationship.
• Is interpersonal space that nourishes the very
thing that keeps persons together interpersonally—
relationship.
• Is an ethical responsibility, not a flaw or a
limitation.
• The importance of distance keeps us from
equating interpersonal communication with ever
more closeness.

INTERPERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY
• Begins with each person’s commitment to
active care for the interpersonal relationship,
owned by neither and nurtured with or without
the support of the Other.
• Adheres to the insight of Emmanuel Levinas,
abandoning the expectation of reciprocity for
attentiveness to a call to responsibility with or
without the approval of the other.

• Interpersonal relationships that you form at
work serve a critical role in both your work
success and career progress.
• Positive interpersonal relationships will allow
effective communication and understanding
among employees.
• Keep lines of communication open.
• Maintain boundaries.

• Involves: Caring for an interpersonal
relationship.
• As one seeks a path in life, interpersonal
relationship responsibility invites a balance
between distance and closeness in each
relationship, which defines the quality of
our interpersonal lives (Stewart, 2006).
• Sympathy
• Empathy

ETHICAL FRAMEWORKSBY: CHELDY SYGACO ELUMBA-PABLEO,MPA,LLB

DEONTOLOGICAL APPROACH
• the most frequented basis of our
decision making process, expressing a
commitment to the most basic
principles.
• It is regarded as universal, always
applicable whatever the circumstance
is.
• We follow these rules since we think
of them as duties.

DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICS OUTLINED

UTILITARIAN APPRAOCH
• focuses on the results and
whether or not it would
benefit the majority.
• Utilitarianism focuses on
the consequences of each
action or decision.

VIRTUE APPROACH
• concerned with moral
character and places more
weight or value on the dignity of
an individual and a humanity’s
task of caring for one another.
• It emphasizes character as
opposed to duty or
consequence.

RIGHT APPROACH
• starts from the belief that humans have
a dignity based on their human --ability
to choose freely what they do with their
lives.
• ON THE BASIS OF SUCH DIGNITY, they
have a right to be treated as ends and
not merely as means to other ends.
• the duty to respect others' rights.

THE FAIRNESS OR JUSTICE APPROACH
• Aristotle and other Greek philosophers have
contributed the idea that all equals should be
treated equally.
• Today we use this idea to say that ethical actions
treat all human beings equally -- or if unequally,
then fairly, based on some standard that is
defensible.
• We pay people more based on their harder work
or the greater amount that they contribute to an
organization, and say that is fair.

COMMON GOOD APPROACH
• This approach suggests that the interlocking
relationships of society are the basis of ethical
reasoning and that respect and compassion for all
others -- especially the vulnerable -- are
requirements of such reasoning.
• It calls attention to the common conditions that are
important to the welfare of everyone.
• This may be a system of laws, effective police and
fire departments, health care, a public educational
system, or even public recreation areas.

EGOISTIC APPROACH
• In this approach, an individual
often uses utilitarian
calculation to produce the
greatest amount of good for
him or herself.

DIVINE COMMAND APPROACH
• This approach sees what is right as the same as
what God commands, and ethical standards are
the creation of God’s will.
• Following God’s will is seen as the very definition
what is ethical.
• Because God is seen as omnipotent and possessed
of free will, God could change what is now
considered ethical, and God is not bound by any
standard of right or wrong short of logical
contradiction.

FEMINIST APPROACH
• In recent decades, the virtue approach to
ethics has been supplemented and sometimes
significantly revised by thinkers in the
feminist tradition, who often emphasize the
importance of the experiences of women and
other marginalized groups to ethical
deliberation.
• Like virtue ethics, feminist ethics concerned
with the totality of human life and how this
life comes to influence the way we make
ethical decisions.

THANK YOU FOR READING!
CHELDHAYE

Communication & organizational ethics

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