This document provides information about a tourism systems module, including: - Contact details for the lecturer and information about module delivery over 6 weeks with 10 chapters and assignments. - Details of the final exam consisting of multiple choice and essay questions. - Details of 4 continuous assessments including MCQ tests and a group assignment on a selected destination. - A list of destinations for the group assignment is provided.

1. TOURISM SYSTEMS

14. Hospitality/Tourism Industry OH – 1.4

20. How to Classify Tourist?

21. By Purpose Business Pleasure Meetings Incentives Conventions etc Family Holidays Olympics

22. By Location Preferences Coastal Rural Urban Mountain Lakes/River Hawaii Scottish Highland London Nepal Nile, Egypt

23. By Nature of Activity Active Tourism Passive Tourism Adventure Tourism Golf Tourism Eco Tourism Cruise Holidays Sight Seeing Trips

24. What motivates people to travel?

26. Foundations for Understanding Tourism Motivations (Dann 1981)

27. McIntosh, Goeldner and Ritchie (1995)

29. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

31. Cohen’s tourist typology (1974) Organised mass tourist Highly dependent on an ’environmental bubble’ created, supplied and maintained by the international tourism industry. Characterised by all-inclusive , fully packaged holidays. Familiarity dominates; novelty non-existent, highly controlled Individual mass tourist These will use the institutional facilities of the tourism system (scheduled flights, centralised bookings, transfers) to arrange as much as possible before leaving home; perhaps visiting the same sights as mass tourists but going under their own steam Explorer The key phrase here is ’off the beaten track ’ perhaps following a destination lead given by a travel article rather than simply choosing from a brochure. This type will move into the bubble of comfort and familiarity if the going gets too tough Drifter This type of tourist will seek novelty at all costs : even discomfort and danger. They will try to avoid all contact with ’tourists’ . Novelty will be their total goal; spending patterns tend to benefit immediate locale rather than large companies

32. Plog’s Theory

42. Important Unique Attributes of the Tourism Products Intangibility Temporary Ownership Inseparability Heterogeneity Perishability

43. Attributes of the Tourism Products Intangibility CAN’T ….. TOUCH FEEL SMELL TRY … .BEFORE BUYING

44. Attributes of the Tourism Products Temporary Ownership GUEST CAN’T TAKE THE HOTEL ROOM WITH THEM.

45. Attributes of the Tourism Products InSeperability YOU CAN’T SEPARATE SERVER AND THE SERVICE

46. Attributes of the Tourism Products Heterogeneity VARIES FROM … PEOPLE TO PEOPLE PLACE TO PLACE

47. Attributes of the Tourism Products Perishability USE IT OR LOSE IT