Contenu connexe Similaire à Kodak and Facit (20) Plus de Chris Sandström (20) 2. Christian Sandström holds a PhD from Chalmers
University of Technology, Sweden. He writes and speaks
about disruptive innovation and technological change.
3. There are many striking similarities between
Kodak and Facit, a former Swedish
manufacturer of mechanical calculators.
4. This presentation
will put the two
companies next to
each other,
illustrate and seek
to explain those
similarities.
12. … A man named
Elof Ericsson
founded
Åtvidaberg
Industries (which
was named Facit
later on).
13. The successes of these companies were based
upon two major product innovations.
15. … a product that empowered people to
take pictures on their own.
16. In the Facit case it
was the world’s
first ten-digit
calculating
machine…
21. As Kodak grew, Rochester grew. More and more
people moved here from the countryside in order
to get a job at the company.
22. In Sweden, people moved to the small
town Åtvidaberg. Here, there were
plenty of jobs at Facit.
23. ”A lot of people
travel to Facit for
work.”
29. … And it gave a stable income for a good family life.
30. Those who didn’t work for the company, either
worked for suppliers, or the local government, which
obtained its tax revenues from the firm.
38. … ministers and directors came from all over the
world in order to meet here and build networks.
39. These two men also
made sure to take
care of the local
community.
40. Elof renovated the soccer stadium and donated vast
amounts of money to the local team.
44. There are at least 30 organizations that were
either created or partly funded by Eastman.
49. Both men are remembered more
than half a century after their death.
50. This statue of Elof Ericsson was raised by the
company and its employees in 1963.
51. When Elof’s son Gunnar took over as CEO, he
managed the company in a similar way…
52. To sum it up: Rochester became a Kodak town…
53. … And
Åtvidaberg
became a Facit
town.
55. … They both enjoyed a considerable
global expansion.
62. Both companies were very vertically integrated –
owning and controlling the entire value chain…
66. … From the production of special components that
were needed in the products…
70. … To the close relationship with the end customer.
77. … for the simple reason that the technology was
now all about electronics.
78. The value of
producing
specialized
parts was
rendered
obsolete…
80. Controlling the
end of the value
chain was also
an asset that lost
its value for both
companies.
83. And they stopped buying calculators from a special
company with a huge sales organization.
85. … And so did their respective societies.
87. … and this started to become painfully obvious.
90. A job at Kodak or Facit used to be a job for
life. Not anymore.
95. While both cities have undergone some major
changes, they haven’t ended up as ghost towns.
96. Summing up once again, the Kodak and Facit stories
are strikingly similar, even though the companies
were in different industries, in different countries
and at different points in time. Why?
98. They’re founded around a product innovation,
which is then further developed and
introduced throughout the world…
99. This is often done by an entrepreneur who
spots the new opportunity.
100. As industries grow and prosper they become
increasingly vulnerable to technological change.
102. When the technology changed and the product
became much simpler, it did not require the same
dominance of the value chain.
103. … And since the companies once upon a time made
their cities grow, those towns will go through some
structural changes when the firm declines.
106. Thanks to ’Brukskultur Åtvidaberg’ och the
municipal government of Åtvidaberg. The Facit
archive is a fantastic source.
