Computing - reading comprehension

1. PROFESSORA: Cintia INGLÊS I AULA 5: 05-10-2017
Video transcript for ‘What is an Algorithm?’.
If we want a computer to understand how to do something we need to give it an algorithm. ‘Pick up brush’
Algorithm sounds like a big word doesn’t it, but actually an algorithm is something very simple, but important.
‘Pick up toothbrush’
An algorithm is a list of steps you give to computers to solve a problem or get something done. Imagine that
you need to show someone how you brush your teeth so they can learn how to do it themselves.
You would need to explain all the little steps you do, in the right order, so they can understand how to do it
without getting confused.
The instructions would go like this: 1 Open the toothpaste 2 Put a bit of toothpaste on the toothbrush 3 Open
your mouth 4 Brush your teeth nicely 5 Rinse your mouth with water 6 Smile. It is important to explain the
right steps in the right order, so you can get great results.
TEXT I -
What Internet Browsers Are & What You Need to Know About How They
Work?
A Web Browser Is Crucial to Getting Online and Entering Sweepstakes
TEXT II -
The First Web Browser
The first web browser was called WorldWideWeb, and later changed its name to Nexus. Created by Sir Tim
Berners-Lee, it was released in 1990, and at least gave people a basic way to view web pages. But it was a long
way from the immersive online experience we have today.
Without browsers, the internet as we know it today would be impossible. Before the first popular graphical
browser, Mosaic, was released in 1992, the internet was text-based, bland, and required technical knowledge to
use. Because of this, the number of people who had the ability and the interest to use the internet was limited.
Mosaic helped make the internet ubiquitous. The graphical interface made navigating the web easy to
understand and the ability to display graphics next to the text on websites made web pages more interesting to
browse.

2. And people no longer needed to have deep technical knowledge to be able to go online. With more people
online, companies were quick to follow. E-commerce, online sweepstakes, social media, and many other things
we take for granted today would be impossible without internet browsers.
TEXT III –
1) Look at TEXT I and identify who or what these words refer to:
a.that (line 3) ..................................... b.that (line 12) .....................................
2) Look at TEXT II and identify who or what these words refer to:
a.its (line 1) ...................... b.it (line 2) ............................... c.this (line 6) ..................................…
3) Look at TEXT III and identify who or what these words refer to:
a.that (line 4) .....................................
TEXT IV – Windows Installation

3. 4) Observe rapidamente os textos anteriores e localize as seguintes informações:
A) O tipo de acesso necessário para instalar o programa no disco rígido em algumas versões do WindowsR
B) Espaço que deverá ser ocupado pelo programa.........................................................
C) A quantidade de memória recomendada.....................................................................
D) A configuração minima.................................................................................................
E) O site através do qual deverá ser feito o download....................................................
F) Os sistemas operacionais suportados pelo MPLAB IDE ...........................................
TEXT V
Ada for software engineering
The Ada language is complex because it is intended for developing complex systems, and its advantages are
only apparent if you are designing and developing such a system. Then, and only then, will you have to face
numerous dilemmas, and you will be grateful for the Ada constructs that help you resolve them. (…)
Programming in Ada is not, of course, a substitute for the classical elements of software engineering. Ada is
simply a better tool. You design your software by drawing diagrams of the package structure, and then each
package becomes a unit of work that you assign to an engineer. The effects caused by incompetent engineers, or
by personnel turnover, can be localized. Many, if not most, careless mistakes are caught by type checking
during compilation, not after the system is delivered. Code inspections can focus on the logical structure of the
program, because the consistency of the conventions and interfaces is automatically checked by the compiler.
Software integration is effortless, leaving you more time to concentrate on system integration.
Though Ada was originally intended for critical military systems, it is now the language of choice for any
critical system. As off-the-shelf software packages become themselves more complex and are used in critical
applications, I hope that Ada will eventually be used to make them more reliable.
1. Por que a linguagem ADA é considerada complexa?
2. Que palavra do texto lhe ajudou a encontrar essa resposta? ______________________________
3. Qual era o uso inicial de ADA?
4. De acordo com o texto em quais circunstâncias alguém pode se sentir grato/a a ADA?
5. É possível dizer que no trecho “As off-the-shelf software packages become themselves more complex and
are used in critical applications, I hope that Ada will eventually be used to make them more reliable” os dois
itens destacados se referem à mesma ideia. Verdadeiro ou falso? __________
6. De acordo com o texo, qual poderia ser a definição básica de ADA?
7. Você sabe o que significa ADA e a origem dessa linguagem de programação?

4. RESUME - EXAMPLE
ANNE FRANK
3 Any Road, Any Town, Manchester, AN1 1CV
Telephone: 0111 899 2255
Mobile: 07777 111 222
Email: marydoe12@aol.com
Date of Birth: 18th
January 1977
Nationality: British
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
I am an enthusiastic and dedicated professional with extensive experience across all areas of retail management.
An exceptional leader who is able to develop and motivate others to achieve targets, I can demonstrate a strong
ability to manage projects from conception through to successful completion. A proactive individual with a
logical approach to challenges, I perform effectively even within a highly pressurised working environment.
OBJECTIVE
I am now looking to progress into a senior management position within the retail sector. I am therefore keen to
find a new and suitably challenging role within a market-leading organisation.
CAREER SUMMARY
SENIOR AREA OPERATIONS MANAGER (2015-2016)
• Responsible for meeting budgetary and sales targets through motivating and developing staff, consistently
achieving
CUSTOMER SERVICES MANAGER (2016-2017)
• Developing a CD ROM training programme to be used in all stores, in line with customer service strategy
• Managing and developing stores’ monthly incentive programme and cost justifying
• Supervising, motivating and developing team reward and recognition programmes
EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS
Harvard University – Information Systems
Hight School - Federal Institute – Computing
SKILLS
Languages: French (read, speak, listen)
English (read, speak, listen)
Softwares: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint
ADDITIONAL EXPERIENCE
Developed research project related to computing (2015-2016)
Worked in the Student’s association (2016)