CII's report, “Indian Roots, American Soil,” is a state-by-state breakdown of tangible investments made and jobs created by 100 surveyed Indian companies doing business in all 50 states, as well as Washington, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. New Jersey, Texas, California, New York and Georgia are home to the most number of workers in America directly employed by Indian companies. New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, California, and Wyoming have the highest foreign direct investment (FDI) from Indian companies. The surveyed companies also provided data regarding their corporate social responsibility (CSR) and research and development expenditures, which totaled $147 million and $588 million, respectively.
3. Content
03 Introduction
05 Survey Overview
11 Survey Results: Top 25 states with largest Indian investment
12 New York
13 New Jersey
14 Massachusetts
15 California
16 Wyoming
17 Texas
18 Kentucky
19 Arkansas
20 Georgia
21 Illinois
22 Pennsylvania
23 Michigan
24 Missouri
25 Tennessee
26 Ohio
27 North Carolina
28 Louisiana
29 Virginia
30 Washington
31 Oregon
32 Minnesota
33 Indiana
34 West Virginia
35 Maryland
36 Florida
4.
5. Introduction
The bilateral partnership between the United States and
India has been transformed in the past two
decades—starting with the visit of President Bill Clinton
in 2000, continuing through the Republican
administration of George W. Bush, and solidifying under
President Barack Obama—we expect this trend to
continue under the Trump administration as well. As
administrations have changed, India and the U.S. have
continued to enjoy a strong, warm, and friendly
relationship founded on shared values that include a
commitment to democratic institutions, peace and
prosperity, a robust and expanding economic
cooperation agenda, and close people-to-people ties
represented by 3.5 million Indian Americans. Since
economic liberalization began in India in the early
1990s, the belief in individual agency—that equality of
opportunity can help people get ahead in life—has
gained a firm foothold in India, the way it has for millions
of Americans. The United States has emerged as a
natural partner in helping India achieve its
developmentalgoalsandaspirations.
1
Statistics from The Office of the United States Trade Representative, “India” (updated March 22, 2017)
https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/south-central-asia/india and SelectUSA, “Foreign Direct Investment: India”
https://www.selectusa.gov/servlet/servlet.FileDownload?file=015t0000000LKMV
Trade and commerce between the U.S. and India
continues to grow: in 2016, the U.S. goods and services
trade with India totaled an estimated $114.8 billion.
India is currently the U.S.' 9th largest goods trading
partner, and two-way goods trade stood at $67.7 billion
in 2016. The ongoing success of Indian companies is
why India remains in the top ten fastest-growing
sources of FDI in the U.S. Indian companies are funding
community workforce skills training throughout the
nation, and popular CSR programs include STEM
training for students and U.S. veterans. They have also
invested heavily in R&D and innovation across a wide
spectrum of sectors, enhancing the competitiveness of
1
theU.S.economy,andfuelinginnovation.
This report is CII’s effort to shine a light on the relatively
unknown story of Indian Foreign Direct Investment into
the United States and the ways in which it is
transformingthebilateralpartnershipinpositiveways.
03
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
6.
7. Survey Overview
Every two years, the Confederation of Indian Industry
surveys Indian companies with investments and
operations across a wide spectrum of sectors in the
U.S. The data reflects the reach and spread of Indian
FDI across all 50 U.S. states, Washington, D.C., and
Puerto Rico, and shows the significant impact that
Indian companies’ investments have on the U.S.
economy. The following survey report is based on
responses from 100 Indian companies and pertains
to tangible foreign direct investment (FDI), job
creation numbers, corporate social responsibility
(CSR) and research and development (R&D)
activities, and also provides a peek into future
investment plans within the U.S. The state-by-state
breakout featured in this edition illustrates both a
positive trajectory of investments and job creation, as
well as the expanding geographic sprawl and impact
ofIndiancompaniesontheU.S.economy.
This fifth edition of the “Indian Roots, American Soil”
survey report indicates that Indian companies are not
only adding value to the U.S. economy, they are
investinginitspeopleaswell.
The top five states with the highest concentration of
companies surveyed are New Jersey, Texas, California,
New York, and Pennsylvania. However, Indian companies
have an operational presence (i.e. physical investments,
as well as leased spaces) in all 50 states, as well as in
Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico. 23 states were found
tohave10ormoreIndiancompaniespresent.
RESULTS HIGHLIGHTS
Top 5 states: Beneficiaries of the highest Indian FDI
Top 5 states: With the highest number of jobs
100companies in the United States responded to the survey
Total Investment
> $17.9 billion
Total Employees
> 113,423
Total Research & Development Expenditure
> $588 million
Total Corporate Social Responsibility Programs Expenditure
>$147 million
Indian companies are spread across 50 states, as well as
Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico with tangible investments
in 40 states
STATE
INVESTMENT
STATE
TOTAL
EMPLOYEES
* Numbers have been rounded to nearest ten
05
New York $1.570 billion
New Jersey $1.567 billion
Massachusetts $931 million
California $542 million
Wyoming $435 million
New Jersey 8,570
Texas 7,270
California 6,750
New York 5,140
Georgia 4,550
*Numbers have been rounded to nearest million
Indian companies in the United States: Presence
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
8. Figure 1: Indian companies in the United States: Geographical presence
Over 15 companies Between 5-15 companies Less than 5 companies
AK
HI
WA
OR
CA
MT
ND
SD
IANE
WY
ID
NV
UT
NM
OK TN
MS AL
WV
ME
AZ
CO
KS
TX
MN
WI
IL
MO
AR
LA
IN
MI
OH
PA
KY
VA
NC
SC
GA
FL
NY
MA
RI
CT
NJ
DE
MD
VT NH
PR
DC
06
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
9. Indian companies in the United States: Sector diversification
Sector diversification amongst Indian companies
persists with the most concentration in sectors such
as IT and IT-es; life sciences, pharmaceuticals, and
healthcare; manufacturing; energy; food and
agriculture; automotive; financial services; design,
engineering, and construction; tourism and
hospitality; mining and materials; telecommunications;
andaerospaceanddefense.
Figure 2: Indian companies in the United States:
Sector diversification
Figure 3: Beneficiaries of the highest investment from
Indian companies: Top 5 U.S. states
Indian companies in the United States: Tangible investments
The aggregate tangible investment figure across the
U.S. of the Indian companies surveyed is in excess of
$17.9 billion. These tangible investments are spread
across 40 U.S. states and territories. 14 states list
investments numbering at $100 million or more. The
five states that received the maximum volume of
investments from Indian companies are: New York
($1.570 billion), New Jersey ($1.567 billion),
Massachusetts ($931 million), California ($542
million),andWyoming($435million).
NewYork
NewJersey
California
Wyoming
$3
$2
$1
$0
Massachusetts
07
Information Technology and ITES 28%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 25%
and Healthcare
Manufacturing 14%
Energy 11%
Food and Agriculture 5%
Automotive 4%
Financial services 4%
Design, Engineering and Construction 3%
Other 2%
Tourism and Hospitality 1%
Mining, and Materials 1%
Telecommunications 1%
Aerospace and Defense 1%
Totalvolmeofinvestmentby
Indiancompanies(billions)
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
10. Indian companies in the United States: Employment Generated
Collectively, the surveyed Indian companies have
generated employment for 113,423 people in the U.S.
These are of course direct jobs, and taking into account
the multiplier effect, which measures how a given
change can cause a larger change in output, these direct
jobs are certainly leading to an even greater
employment boost in a range of other sectors
supporting the industries, as well as jobs created
through related ancillary services. The quantum impact
ofdirectjobsisinthatsenseverysignificant.
The top five states benefitting from employment by
Indian companies are New Jersey (8,572 jobs), Texas
(7,271 jobs), California (6,749 jobs), New York (5,135
jobs),andGeorgia(4,554jobs).
20 U.S. states and territories have at least 1,000 people
directlyemployedbyIndiancompanies.
Figure 4: Beneficiaries of maximum employment from
Indian companies: Top 5 U.S. states
Indian companies in the United States: Research & Development
57% of the Indian companies surveyed reported
conducting research and development (R&D) across
the U.S. The total expenditure by Indian companies
into R&D and innovation activities in the U.S.
amounted to more than $588 million. Based on the
trajectory of the knowledge economy in the U.S., and
indeed around the globe, and the pace at which
technology is changing and shifting, we can expect
investments into this area to expand going forward as
well—this is true for companies across the board and
notforanysinglesector.
Figure 5: Do Indian companies conduct R&D in the U.S.?
Yes 57%
No 37%
Unanswered 6%
08
Totalnumberofjobscreatedby
Indiancompanies(thousands)
NewJersey
Texas
California
NewYork
Georgia
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
11. Indian companies in the United States: Corporate Social Responsibility
Indian companies in the U.S. are not just investing
money and creating jobs: they are actively contributing
to the local economies where they operate. The
companies surveyed in this report listed over $147
million spent on corporate social responsibility (CSR)
initiatives in the United States. Programming for CSR
ranged from initiatives as localized as donating to the
community Fire and Rescue service and building homes
through Habitat for Humanity, to sponsoring and
supporting students in areas as diverse as agricultural
science to high end STEM programs at universities and
colleges across the U.S. Indian companies also report
focusing on skills and technical training programs that
are designed to help local students and U.S. veterans
develop the competitive skills needed to participate in
the knowledge economy—investments into the future
workforce or in re-skilling also enable Indian companies
to continue hiring locally in the U.S. Much of the
educational programming funded and supported by
Indian companies is also targeted at minority and female
students, who have traditionally lacked access to STEM
trainingandcareeroptions.
Indian companies in the United States: Future plans
The U.S. has traditionally ranked among the top five
destinations of FDI from India, and according to
SelectUSA of the U.S. Department of Commerce, in 2015
(latest data available) Indian investment in the U.S. was
the ninth fastest-growing. Expectations that Indian
investment will continue to rise is supported by the data
in this survey report, wherein 85% of respondents
asserted the intention to invest more in the U.S. over the
nextfiveyears.
Figure 6: Do Indian companies engage in
CSR initiatives in the U.S.?
Yes 65%
No 25%
Unanswered 10%
09
Figure 7: Do Indian companies plan to make
investments in the United States in the next five years?
Yes 85%
No 7%
Not Sure 8%
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
12. Nearly 87% of the surveyed companies also indicated
that in the next five years they plan to expand their local
hires, with the states of Texas, New York, New Jersey,
California, and Georgia cited as the most promising
statesforfutureinvestments.
Figure 8: Do Indian companies plan to hire more
employees locally in the United States in the next five years?
Yes 87%
No 6%
Not Sure 7%
Conclusion
As borne out in the preceding pages, the investment footprint of Indian companies in the United States has continued to grow
andexpandinsubstantiveways.TangibleinvestmentsandjobcreationbyIndiancompaniesisnotonlyrevitalizingandadding
dynamism to the local U.S., economy but is also helping to enhance the competitiveness of U.S. companies in the global
marketplace.
This year’s survey report illustrates that Indian roots are growing deeper as increased participation in CSR and R&D activities
indicate that Indian companies are not only investing dollars in their adopted communities in terms of brick and mortar
facilities, but they are in essence investing in the communities’ future by supporting long term social, educational, capacity
building, and skilling programs. As the U.S.-India partnership grows and flourishes, drawing the two countries closer together
in bonds of friendship, we expect that the Indian investment story in the U.S. will continue to be a positive aspect adding ballast
toanalreadystrongfoundationinbilateralties.
10
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
13. Survey Results
Top 25 states with largest
Indian investment
11
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
14. New York
01
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$1,569,786,086
5,135
25
NY
12
Indian companies in New York: Sector diversification
Information Technology and ITES 56.00%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 12.00%
and Healthcare
Energy 8.00%
Financial Services 8.00%
Manufacturing 8.00%
Tourism and Hospitality 4.00%
Other 4.00%
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
15. New Jersey
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$1,566,818,611
8,572
38
02
13
Information Technology and ITES 42.11%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 31.58%
and Healthcare
Manufacturing 5.26%
Energy 2.63%
Telecommunications 2.63%
Mining, and Materials 2.63%
Financial Services 2.63%
Other 2.63%
Food and Agriculture 2.63%
Design, Engineering 2.63%
and Construction
Automotive 2.63%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationNew Jersey
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
16. Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present:
$930,584,298
2,318
16
Massachusetts
03
14
Information Technology and ITES 68.75%
Other 6.25%
Manufacturing 6.25%
Tourism and Hospitality 6.25%
Design, Engineering 6.25%
and Construction
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 6.25%
and Healthcare
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationMassachusetts
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
17. Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$542,421,564
6,749
29
California
04
Information Technology and ITES 51.72%
Food and Agriculture 10.34%
Design, Engineering 6.90%
and Construction
Manufacturing 6.90%
Other 6.90%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 6.90%
and Healthcare
Financial Services 3.45%
Tourism and Hospitality 3.45%
Telecommunications 3.45%
15
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationCalifornia
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
18. Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$435,000,000
534
2
Wyoming
05
16
Mining, and Materials 50.00%
Information Technology 50.00%
and ITES
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationWyoming
WV
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
19. Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$391,999,033
7,271
31
Texas
06
17
Information Technology and ITES 45.16%
Energy 25.81%
Other 6.45%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 6.45%
and Healthcare
Manufacturing 6.45%
Financial Services 3.23%
Design, Engineering 3.23%
and Construction
Food and Agriculture 3.23%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationTexas
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
20. 18
Kentucky
07
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$299,362,962
1,641
13
Information Technology 69.23%
and ITES
Manufacturing 15.38%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 15.38%
and Healthcare
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationKentucky
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
21. Arkansas
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$298,850,000
1,091
8
08
19
Information Technology 62.50%
and ITES
Food and Agriculture 12.50%
Other 12.50%
Manufacturing 12.50%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationArkansas
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
22. 20
Georgia
09
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$253,048,292
4,554
19
Information Technology 73.68%
and ITES
Manufacturing 10.53%
Other 5.26%
Design, Engineering 5.26%
and Construction
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 5.26%
and Healthcare
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationGeorgia
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
23. 21
Illinois
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$195,701,669
3,802
19
10
Information Technology 63.16%
and ITES
Other 10.53%
Energy 10.53%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 5.26%
and Healthcare
Design, Engineering 5.26%
and Construction
Financial Services 5.26%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationIllinois
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
24. 22
Pennsylvania
11
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$170,641,000
1,865
23
Information Technology 47.83%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 26.09%
and Healthcare
Other 8.70%
Manufacturing 4.35%
Food and Agriculture 4.35%
Energy 4.35%
Automotive 4.35%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationPennsylvania
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
25. Michigan
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$146,769,333
2,098
21
12
23
Information Technology 47.62%
and ITES
Automotive 14.29%
Design, Engineering 9.52%
and Construction
Manufacturing 9.52%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 9.52%
and Healthcare
Other 4.76%
Energy 4.76%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationMichigan
Responses may not total 100% due to rounding.
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
26. 24
Missouri
13
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$139,000,000
989
9
Information Technology 55.56%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 22.22%
and Healthcare
Other 11.11%
Energy 11.11%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationMissouri
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
27. Tennessee
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$102,656,000
779
11
14
Information Technology 54.55%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 18.18%
and Healthcare
Other 9.09%
Food and Agriculture 9.09%
Automotive 9.09%
25
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationTennessee
Responses may not total 100% due to rounding.
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
28. 26
Ohio
15
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$74,407,203
3,188
17
Information Technology 64.71%
and ITES
Manufacturing 23.53%
Other 5.88%
Design, Engineering 5.88%
and Construction
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationOhio
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
29. North Carolina
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$63,572,000
3,992
14
16
Information Technology 71.43%
and ITES
Other 14.29%
Design, Engineering 7.14%
and Construction
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 7.14%
and Healthcare
27
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationNorth Carolina
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
30. 28
Louisiana
17
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$63,003,282
293
8
Information Technology 75.00%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 25.00%
and Healthcare
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationLouisiana
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
31. 29
Virginia
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$37,883,760
1,868
16
18
Information Technology 75.00%
and ITES
Other 6.25%
Telecommunications 6.25%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 6.25%
and Healthcare
Manufacturing 6.25%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationVirginia
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
32. 30
Washington
19
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$37,204,152
3,397
16
Information Technology 68.75%
and ITES
Manufacturing 6.25%
Energy 6.25%
Other 6.25%
Design, Engineering 6.25%
and Construction
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 6.25%
and Healthcare
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationWashington
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
33. 31
Oregon
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$25,000,000
558
12
20
Information Technology 58.33%
and ITES
Other 8.33%
Food and Agriculture 8.33%
Design, Engineering 8.33%
and Construction
Automotive 8.33%
Energy 8.33%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationOregon
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
34. 32
Minnesota
21
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$24,142,000
2,297
14
Information Technology 71.43%
and ITES
Other 7.14%
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 7.14%
and Healthcare
Energy 7.14%
Aerospace and Defense 7.14%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationMinnesota
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
35. 33
Indiana
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$21,004,000
1,620
9
22
Information Technology 66.67%
and ITES
Energy 11.11%
Other 11.11%
Manufacturing 11.11%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationIndiana
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
36. 34
West Virginia
23
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$20,000,000
186
5
WV
Information Technology 60.00%
and ITES
Manufacturing 20.00%
Energy 20.00%
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationWest Virginia
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
37. 35
Maryland
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$14,920,000
803
14
24
Information Technology 57.14%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 21.43%
and Healthcare
Other 7.14%
Food and Agriculture 7.14%
Design, Engineering 7.14%
and Construction
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationMaryland
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
38. Florida
25
Total volume of investment ($)
Number of jobs created
Number of Indian companies present
$13,002,881
3,878
18
FL
Information Technology 55.56%
and ITES
Life Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 16.67%
and Healthcare
Other 11.11%
Manufacturing 5.56%
Aerospace and Defense 5.56%
Design, Engineering 5.56%
and Construction
36
Indian companies in : Sector diversificationFlorida
INDIAN ROOTS,
AMERICAN SOIL
39.
40. Confederation of Indian Industry
The Mantosh Sondhi Centre
23, Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110 003 (India)
T: 91 11 45771000 / 24629994-7 | F: 91 11 24626149
E: info@cii.in | W: www.cii.in
The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) works to create and sustain an environment
conducive to the development of India, partnering industry, Government, and civil
society,through advisoryandconsultativeprocesses.
CII is a non-government, not-for-profit, industry-led and industry-managed
organization, playing a proactive role in India's development process. Founded in 1895,
India's premier business association has over 8,500 members, from the private as well as
public sectors, including SMEs and MNCs, and an indirect membership of over 200,000
enterprisesfromaround 250nationalandregionalsectoralindustrybodies.
CII charts change by working closely with Government on policy issues, interfacing with
thought leaders, and enhancing efficiency, competitiveness and business opportunities
for industry through a range of specialized services and strategic global linkages. It also
providesaplatformforconsensus-building andnetworkingonkeyissues.
Extending its agenda beyond business, CII assists industry to identify and execute
corporate citizenship programmes. Partnerships with civil society organizations carry
forward corporate initiatives for integrated and inclusive development across diverse
domains including affirmative action, healthcare, education, livelihood, diversity
management,skilldevelopment,empowermentofwomen,andwater,tonameafew.
The CII theme for 2017-18, India Together: Inclusive. Ahead. Responsible emphasizes
Industry's role in partnering Government to accelerate India's growth and development.
The focus will be on key enablers such as job creation; skill development and training;
affirmative action; women parity; new models of development; sustainability; corporate
socialresponsibility,governanceandtransparency.
With 67 offices, including 9 Centres of Excellence, in India, and 11 overseas offices in
Australia, Bahrain, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Iran, Singapore, South Africa, UK, and
USA, as well as institutional partnerships with 344 counterpart organizations in 129
countries, CII serves as a reference point for Indian industry and the international
businesscommunity.