Gases y gases ideales. PV=nRT

1.  
Prepared by Craig A. Casillas

2.  Gases are fluids,
because they are able to
flow.
 Gases have low density
 Gases are highly
compressible
 Gases completely fill a
container

6.  Convert the pressure of 1.00 atm to mmHg.
 The critical pressure of carbon dioxide is 72.7 atm. What is
this value in units of pascal?
 The vapor pressure of water at 50.0 ºC is 12.33 kPa. What
is this value in millimeter of mercury?
 In thermodynamics, the standard pressure is 100.0 kPa.
What is this value in units of atmosphere?
 A tire is inflated to a gauge pressure of 30.0 psi (which
must be added to the atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi to
find the total pressure in the tire). Calculate the total
pressure in the tire in pascal.

7.  Kinetic-Molecular Theory explains that
the behavior of physical systems
depends on the combined actions of the
molecules constituting the system.
 Gas molecules are in constant
movement.
 Particles are far apart.
 Gas particles tend to collide with each
other and with the walls in the container.
The pressure is responsible of the
collision in gas particles. Their collision is
elastic, which means that when the gas
particles collide, they transferred energy
to another particle.

9.  Robert Boyle
o Studied the relationship between
the volume and the pressure of a
gas.
o Pressure on a gas increase in a
closed container, the volume of a
gas decrease.
o The product of the pressure-volume
(PV) remains constant if the
temperature remains the same.
 Boyle’s Law:
o “State that for a fixed amount of gas
at a constant temperature, the
volume of the gas increases as the
pressure of the gas decreases and
the volume of the gas decreases as
the pressure of the gas increases.”

13.  Pag. 425 Exercises of Boyle’s Law 1- 4

17.  A balloon is inflated to 665 mL volume at 25°C. It is
immersed in a dry-ice bath at -78.5°C. What is its volume,
assuming the pressure remains constant?

18.  Pag. 428 Practice exercises 1 to 4 of Charles’s Law

19.  Joseph Gay-Lussac
discovered the relationship
between pressure and
temperature.
 Gay-Lussac’s Law state that
the pressure of a gas at a
constant volume is directly
proportional to the absolute
temperature.
 At a constant volume, the
following equation is:

22.  An aerosol can containing gas at 101 kPa and 22ºC is
heated to 55ºC. Calculate the pressure in the heated can.

23.  Pag. 431 exercise 1-4

30.  How many molecules of gas are contained in 24.41 L at
101.325 kPa and 0ºC?

31.  Pag. 435 exercise 1-4.

32.  Pag. 432 exercises 1-9
 Pag. 442 1, 2, 7-9

33.  Pag. 445 exercise1-9,
 Pag.446 exercises 31-34, 35-56.