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Similaire à Communicating with Data 2010 Annual Meeting (20)
Communicating with Data 2010 Annual Meeting
- 4. The world’s first hard drive (5Mb)
IBM Almaden Research Center, 1952-1954
That Was Then
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CrossRef Annual Meeting ©2010, MIT
- 5. Current capacity hard drive (>2Tb)
Google Data Center, 2010
This is Now
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- 6. How Much Information?
“IDC research shows that the digital universe —information that is
either created, captured, or replicated in digital form — was 281
exabytes in 2007. In 2011, the amount of digital information
produced in the year should equal nearly 1,800 exabytes, or 10
times that produced in 2006. The compound annual growth rate
between now and 2011 is expected to be almost 60%”
The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, 2008 IDC White Paper
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- 8. What Is Research Data?
Observational e.g. sensor, telemetry, survey, sample data
Experimental e.g. genetic sequences, chromatograms
Simulation e.g. climate, economic, 3-D models
Media e.g. images, audio, video
Derived/compiled e.g. text/data mining, compiled databases
Often expensive or impossible to reproduce
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- 9. What Is Research Data?
Text e.g. flat text files, Word, PDF
Numerical e.g. SPSS, STATA, Excel, MySQL
Media e.g. jpeg, tiff, dicom, mpeg, quicktime
Models e.g. 3D, statistical
Software e.g. Java, C programs
Domain-specific e.g. FITS in astronomy, CIF in chemistry
Instrument-specific e.g. Olympus con-focal microscope
Not always in neat packages like books
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- 10. What Do Researchers Do With
Data?
Analyze (e.g. process, visualize)
Share
Review (evaluate methods)
Annotate
Cite
Re-use (reproduce results)
Re-purpose (e.g. integrate)
CrossRef Annual Meeting ©2010, MIT
- 11. Data Sharing Innovations
New-fangled Hybrid Articles
Integrate text, data and tools
Enhanced PDFs
Linked Open Data
Access to data via Web standards to
encourage large-scale interoperability
“Data Papers”
CrossRef Annual Meeting ©2010, MIT
- 12. Issues in Data Curation
Storage very large scale
Metadata what standard to use?
Provenance research methods
Identifiers scalability, persistence
Preservation see slide #5 on formats
Sharing laws confusing, not interoperable
CrossRef Annual Meeting ©2010, MIT
- 13. Data Sharing Trends
“The NIH expects and supports the timely release
and sharing of final research data from NIH-
supported studies for use by other
researchers.” NIH grant proposal guide
Similar data management, sharing mandates from
US NSF, other funding agencies worldwide
Journals mandating deposit
(e.g. Journal of Evolutionary Biology)
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- 14. Data Interoperability
IPR and data licenses
Lots of data not copyrightable since facts cannot be
copyrighted
UK, EU, some other countries have sui generis
data rights
Laws not “interoperable”
Big problem for international scientific
collaborations and data re-purposing
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- 16. Libraries and Data
Established curation for some data types
statistical (Harvard-MIT Data Center)
geospatial (Geodata Repository)
bioinformatics (via NLM NCBI)
digital media (e.g. images, videos)
datasets (IR digital archives)
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- 18. Libraries and Data
Applies to both faculty-authored and
externally-acquired data
Consultation services (in-person, via Website)
Liaise with data archives (e.g. ICPSR)
Develop (meta)data standards (e.g. DDI)
Manage and preserve data
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- 20. Robotics Data in DSpace@MIT
The Library:
Defined local taxonomy for metadata values
Customized metadata records
Adapted/simplified deposit workflow
Loaded data from previous repository
Added CC0 licenses
Review of new deposits done by community
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- 23. Researcher’s Role: Data Provision
e.g. Sage Commons
“The Sage Commons is a novel information platform being built by an
international partnership of researchers and stakeholders to define the
molecular basis of disease and guide the development of effective
human therapeutics and diagnostics.
The Sage Commons will be used to integrate diverse molecular mega-data
sets, to build predictive bionetworks and to offer advanced tools proven
to provide unique new insights into human disease biology. Users will
also be contributors that advance the knowledge base and tools
through their cumulative participation.
The public access mission of the Sage Commons requires the development
of a new strategic and legal framework to protect the rights of
contributors while providing widespread access to integrative genomics
resources.”
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- 24. Library’s Role: Data
Curation
Data organization and annotation
e.g. ontologies and metadata
Data archiving, preservation
e.g. perpetual access
Outreach and support to local researchers
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- 25. Publisher’s Role: Data Accreditation
Require data deposit to archives
Publish data journals
Manage peer review (quality control)
Provide credit for data publishing
(evolution of promotion & tenure system)
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- 26. Data Papers Revisited
“a formal publication whose primary purpose is to
expose and describe data, as opposed to
analyze and draw conclusions from it.”
1. Organize peer-review, establish quality-control measures
2. Create citable entity
3. Establish cross-linking mechanisms with traditional papers, to enforce
separation of concerns (methodology vs analysis)
4. Specify required documentation to make data re-usable, re-purposable
5. Apply standard interoperable legal license
(CC0 or PDDL with normative attribution, CC-By with URI attribution)
6. Ensure archiving strategy in place
Jonathan Rees, Recommendations for independent scholarly publication of data sets, Creative
Commons Working Paper, March 2010,
http://neurocommons.org/report/data-publication.pdf
CrossRef Annual Meeting ©2010, MIT