2. 1.
The one creative force out of which
everything emerges is known as
Ultimate Reality. According to
Vedanta, Brahman (chit) is the
3. Ultimate Reality, while Kashmir
Shaivism calls this
Brahman is believed to have no
activity (kriya.) It is the knowledge
(prakash or jnana).
As per Kashmir Shaivism, Parmshiva
is knowledge (prakash/jnana) plus
activity (kriya or vimarsha).
Vedanta consider activity (kriya)
residing only in the empirical subject
and not in Brahman. Shivites
on the other hand think that Vedanta
takes kriya in a very narrow sense
whereas it should be taken in a wider
sense.
4. They argue that even knowledge (jnana)
is an activity (kriya) of the Divine, without
activity chit or the Divine Being would be
inert and incapable of bringing about
anything, least of all the whole cosmos.
Parmshiva is svatantra (has free will) and
therefore is a Karta (doer). Knowledge
(jnana) is not a passive state of
consciousness but an activity of
consciousness, though an effortless one.
Knowledge is not really like the reflection
of in knowledge thereis
an active “grasping” on the part of the