Low carbon technology implementation status on bioenergy in indonesia bioenergy

1. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION STATUS ON
BIOENERGY IN INDONESIA
MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION
Workshop Low Carbon Technology Transfer Implementation in Indonesia
Jakarta, 4th Novemeber 2014
12/15/2014 1Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
delivered by:
EDI WIBOWO
Directorat of Bioenergy

2. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
I. ENERGY MIX POLICY
II. BIOENERGY POTENTIAL
III. BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT, POLICIES AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION
IV. BIOENERGY SUSTAINABILITY
V. CONCLUDING REMARKS

3. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
The role of bioenergy -as a part of renewable energy- on national energy mix will be increased
significantly under National Energy Policy
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Oil Natural Gas Coal
Bioenergy Geothermal Hidro Energy
Solar Energy Ocean Energy Other RE (Wind)
NE (Nuclear, CBM, etc) Note:
Based on Government Regulation No. 79/2014 on National Energy Policy
Bioenergy
New and
Renewable
Energy
(NRE)
Coal
Gas
Oil
by 2015
NRE: 23%
(Bioenergy: 10%)
by 2050
NRE: 31%
(Bioenergy: 14%)
Product of bioenergy:
1. Various products, for fuel, heat and electricity.
Bioenergy can be directly utilized in energy
conversion systems/existing equipment (biomass
on power plant, biofuel in vehicles).
2. The fuel from bioenergy can be utilized in
liquid, gas and solid form; always continue to
adapt to the needs.
3. Directly involvement of the community (pro-
growth, pro-job, pro-poor)
4. Source of bioenergy feedstock depends on human
effort (not depend on nature)

4. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
 Reaching the 2DS will require 42 Gt CO2 annual emissions reduction by 2050
 Biomass is the only renewable energy source that can make a contribution in all sectors, providing
around 10% of total CO2 emissions reduction
Source: Energy Technology Perspectives and IEA 2012
6°C Scenario emissions: 58 Gt ------------>
2°C Scenario emissions: 16 Gt ------------>
Bioenergy
technologies
Emissions
reduction in
2050
Bioenergy power 1.0 Gt CO2-eq
Bio-power + CCS 0.3 Gt CO2-eq
Bioenergy heat
(industry)
0.5 Gt CO2-eq
Bioenergy heat
(buildings)
0.1 Gt CO2-eq
Biofuels 2.1 Gt CO2-eq
Total 4.1 Gt CO2-eq

5. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
1. Bioenergy development in this country mostly has be driven by
government policies, complemented by policies designed to
facilitate and support their achievement.
2. Bioenergy types :
a. Biofuel (Biodiesel, Bioethanol, Biofuel),
b. Biogas (Household and Electricity),
c. Bioenergy for Power Generation.
3. Bioenergy resources :
a. Biofuel crop (Palm oil, Jatropha, Candle nut, Pongamia, Cassava, Sugarcanes/
mollases, Corn, etc),
b. Forest and agriculture residues,
c. Organic municipal solid waste,
d. Sewage sludge,
e. Landfill gas,
f. Animal manure/dung.
g. Household refuse, and
h. Industrial waste.

6. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
No
Potential
(MWe)
Unit Sumatera Kalimantan
Jawa-Bali-
Madura
Nusa
Tenggara
Sulawesi Maluku Papua Total
1 Palm oil MWe
8.812 3.384 60 - 323 - 75 12.654
2 Sugar cane MWe
399 - 854 - 42 - - 1.295
3 Rubber MWe
1.918 862 - - - - - 2.781
4 Coconut MWe
53 10 37 7 38 19 14 177
5 Rice husk MWe
2.255 642 5.353 405 1.111 22 20 9.808
6 Corn MWe
408 30 954 85 251 4 1 1.733
7 Cassava MWe
110 7 120 18 12 2 1 271
8 Wood MWe
1.212 44 14 19 21 4 21 1.335
9 Cow dung MWe
96 16 296 53 65 5 4 535
10 MSW MWe
326 66 1.527 48 74 11 14 2.066
Total potential MWe 15.588 5.062 9.215 636 1.937 67 151 32.654
1) Based on MEMR survey in 2011 – 2012
2) Biofuel resources are palm oil, molasses, cassava, etc

7. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT
Increasing the use of
biofuel as a fossil fuel
substitution
Development of
bioenergy based power
plant (as based load )
Increasing the sustainability
supply of bioenergy
feedstock through
development of energy
farms/forest
Utilization of organic
waste as source of
energy
Contribution to
national economy
through development
of bioenergy
industries

8. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Increasing demand of biofuel since the implementation of mandatory policy through
MEMR Regulation 20/2014
Biofuels domestic usage mandatory policy:
• Fossil fuel substitution/reduce oil import
• creating the market of biofuel  industrial development
• improvement of domestic economy
190 243
1,812
2,221
2,805
70 20
1,453
1,552
1,757
119
223
359
669
1,048
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013*
RibukL
Produksi Ekspor Domestik
BIOFUEL
PRODUCTION
AND
UTILIZATION
32,8
35,4
37,6
40,0
42,6
45,5
48,7
52,2
56,0
60,1
64,6
69,4
74,7
80,4
1,1
3,9 4,3
8,3 8,8 9,4 10,0 10,7
14,1 15,1
19,6 21,0 22,7 24,4
-
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Volume(MillionKL)
Diesel Oil Demand Biodiesel Demand

9. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
• Currently, Indonesia has implemented biodiesel blending B-10 on transportation and industry sector
and B-30 to B-60 on electricity.
• Recently, new Market Price Index for Biodiesel that blended with subsidized fuel has been launched.
• Now the Government are preparing preparation stages to implement B-20 on 2016 by conduct an
engine testing together with automotive engine principal, automotive and expertise association,
university and research institution.
• Implementation B-30 will be conducted on 2020
• Bioethanol utilization/blending become a trending issues in many countries. Implementation of
bioethanol blending has increased significantly in many countries
• There is no doubt related on technical aspect of bioethanol blending
• Preparation for E-0,5 for subsidized fuel and E-1 for on-subsidized fuel will be finished shortly
• Revision of Market Price Index of Bioetanol that blended with subsidized fuel has been signed by
Ministry, with intersting price.

10. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Feed-in tariff’s regulation hopely can accelerate the grow of bioenergy power plant
0
20
40
60
80
100
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
18 18
41
59
75,5
90,5
Installed Capacity (MW)
FEED-IN TARIFF FOR BIOENERGY BASED POWER PLANT
(MEMR Regulation No. 19 Year 2013 and No. 27 Year 2014)
reducing the use of fossil fuels as fuel for power plants
and increasing national security of supply of electricity
Note : *) Based on Act No. 18 Year 2008 concerning to Waste Management.
Current capacity of bioenergy based on-grid power plant in year 2013
was 90.5 MW (palm waste 76 MW; municipal solid waste 14.5 MW ) and
based off-grid power plant was 1,626 MW.
No. Energy Capasity
Purchasing Price of
Electricity
Remarks
Medium Voltage
1. Biomassa s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.150,- / kWh X F
2. Biogas s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.050,- / kWh X F Non sampah kota
3. Sampah Kota (MSW) s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.450,- / kWh Zero waste *)
4. Sampah Kota (MSW) s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.250,- / kWh Landfill *)
Low Voltage
1 Biomassa s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.500,- / kWh X F
2 Biogas s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.400,- / kWh X F Non sampah kota
3 Sampah Kota (MSW) s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.798,- / kWh Zero waste *)
4 Sampah Kota (MSW) s.d 10 MW Rp. 1.598,- / kWh Landfill *)
F is the incentive factor based on area where the plant is installed, as follows::
• Jawa : F = 1
• Sumatera : F = 1,15
• Sulawesi : F = 1,25
• Kalimantan : F = 1,3
• Bali, Bangka Belitung, Lombok ,Kepri : F = 1,5
• Papua and other island : F = 1,6

11. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Area and Source of
Biomass
Capacity
Off-Grid (MW)
Capacity
On-Grid (MW)
Total
Sumatera
Palm oil mills
POME
Sugarcane
Pulp and paper
335
9
66
955
76
-
-
-
405
9
66
955
Kalimantan
Palm oil mills 91 - 91
Jawa-Bali
Palm oil mills
Sugarcane
MSW
2
142
-
-
-
14,5
2
142
14,5
Sulawesi
Palm oil mills
Sugarcane
11
11
-
-
11
11
Papua
Palm oil mills 4 - 4
TOTAL 1.626 90,5 1.716,5

12. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
by utilizing waste to biogas we can conserve our fossil energy resources and at the same time we can
conserve our environment
Currently there is more than 13.500 unit
of biogas digester are installed to meet
domestic needs (cooking and lighting).
The program is implemented both on
semi and non-commercial approaches by
the Government and also under the
partnership with donors and international
NGO;
13.836
20.062
44.841
62.721
0
10.000
20.000
30.000
40.000
50.000
60.000
70.000
2011 2012 2013 2014
Biogas Production (M3/days)
62 thousand m3 biogas
production can save 38
thousand liter of kerosese
Approach for
biogas
implementation
Domestic
utilization
Commercial
/industry
sector
Biogas program is implemented through
the commercial basis. The biogas unit
system is built in a large scale, usually to
generate an electricity; such as electricity
power plant in the palm oil mills. Biogas
is produced from palm oil mill effluent
(POME).

13. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Achievement of bioenergy green house gas emission reduction
-
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
2010 2011 2012 2013
131
234
329
517
325
522
975
1.540
3 7 10 14
(ThousandtonCO2e)
Emission Reduction of Biomassa
Power Plant (ton CO2e)
Emission reduction of Biodiesel
Utilization (ton CO2e)
Emission Reduction of Biogas
Utilization (ton CO2e)
Total Emission Reduction - Bioenergy
(ton CO2e)
2010 2011 2012 2013
458,841 763,485 1,312,920 2,071,121

14. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
 Some promising technologies still need RD&D support to reach commercial-scale

15. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
 Some promising technologies still need RD&D support to reach commercial-scale

16. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
BIOENERGI
PROGRAMS
REGULATOR
OFF TAKER
PARTNERSHIP
R & D dan
TRAINING
AGENCY
KEMENHUB (MoT)
KEMEN PU (MoPW)
KEMENKEU (MoF)
KEMENHUT (MoEF)
KEMENTAN (MoA)
KEMENDAG (MoTrade)
BPPT
ITB
IPB
PT LAINNYA
BADAN LITBANG
BADAN DIKLAT
PERTAMINA
PLN
OTHER
BUBBM
BUMD
BUMN
LAINNYA
FINANCING, TECHNOLOGY DAN STRATEGIC
PARTNERSHIP:
WB, UNDP, USAID, JICA, FAO, NEDO, PEMDA,
KEMNDAGRI, KEMENTAN, KEMENHUB, BPPT,
BAPPENAS, APROBI. IKABI, OTHER,
USA, RRC, JEPANG, JERMAN, TURKI

17. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
 Sound, internationally aligned policies are needed to ensure bioenergy is produced sustainably
 Certification schemes should be based on international sustainability criteria (as developed e.g. by the Global Bioenergy Partnership,
GBEP)
 However, most sustainability issues are relevant to the whole agricultural/ forestry sector
 In the long-term, all agricultural and forestry products should be certified, and an overall sustainable land-use
management should be aimed for

18. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Indonesia actively contribute to promoting bioenergy sustainability, for examples
through:
• Global BioEnergy Partnership (GBEP).
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO).
• Establishing “Feed in Tariff” regulation to encourage “waste to energy”
implementation, including “POME to Energy”.
“POME to energy” activities in Indonesia could give additional reduction (about 3%) of green house
gas emissions from that is targeted in “RAN GRK”.
• Utilization of biogas from animal waste.
• Moratorium on new forest concession, coordinated by President’s Delivery Unit
for Development Monitoring and Oversight (UKP-PPP).

19. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Pricing policy for bioenergy
Development of integrated bioenergy production facility
with dedicated feedstocks
Supply of sustainable bioenergy feedstock
Regulating waste/biomassa for export purposes
Availability of transmission network/national grid
Business regulation on non liquid bioenergy product
Infrastructure and technology

20. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
1. Not to cut tropical rain forest, but to optimize currently not utilized land
(energy forest program).
2. Development of non-edible feedstock and dedicated feedstock for
biofuel and improving productivity of main feedstocks such as palm oil,
jatropha, cassava and sugar cane;
3. Integrated implementation for biofuel industries;
4. Development of second generation of biofuel that will create
sustainable and low cost biofuel industry;
5. To seek cooperation on R&D on lignocellulosic based or woody-
biomass bioethanol.

21. Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
JALAN PEGANGSAAN TIMUR NO. 1, MENTENG, JAKARTA 10320
Phone: +62 21 39830077 Fax: +62 21 31924585
www.esdm.go.id - www.ebtke.esdm.go.id
Email: edbowo@gmail.com ; tekling_bioenergi@yahoo.co.id
MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERA RESOURCES
DIRECTORATEGENERAL OF NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION