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Poultry vaccination Methods
- 1. Vaccination Methods in Poultry Submitted to: Dr.M.Saeed Submitted by: Mahzaib munawar Mphil Poultry science (2020-2022)
- 2. Contents • Types of vaccines • Forms of vaccines • Individual bird application methods • Flock application Methods • Diseased poultry flocks application methods
- 3. Types of vaccine • Live vaccine – the active part of the vaccine is the live organism that causes the disease • Attenuated vaccine – with this type of vaccine the organism has been weakened by special procedures • Killed vaccine – with this type of vaccine the organism has been killed
- 4. Forms of vaccines • Liquid vaccine –fluid form ready to use. • Freeze dried vaccine – the vaccine is stored as one pack of freeze dried material and one pack of diluent, often a sterile saline solution. These have to be combined before use. • Dust –prepared for administration in the dry form.
- 5. INDIVIDUAL BIRD APPLICATION METHODS • Subcutaneous injection: into the back of the mid-neck region • Marek’s Disease vaccine
- 6. Cont. • Conjunctival sac installation: (eyedrop) One hand holds the head, thumb pressing the lower eyelid down, deposit one drop into the eye • Newcastle Disease • Infectious Bronchitis
- 7. Cont • Wing-web puncture: an applicator instrument is called “lancet” is used • spread the wing to expose the underside (up) • pierced through the part of wing having the least number of blood vessels. • Avian Encephalomyelitis • Fowl Cholera
- 8. Cont. • Feather follicle inoculation: • Fowl pox vaccine in turkeys • Remove 2-3 feather follicles over the thigh • brush against the opening of the follicle with vaccine-dipped brush
- 9. Cont. • Intramuscular injection: • IM injection is in the pectoral muscles • (Infectious Bursal Disease, Newcastle Disease, Mycoplasma gallisepticum Fowl Cholera)
- 10. Cont. • Embryo Injection: • injected into 18 day old embryonating eggs with an automated machine • (Marek’s Disease, Infectious Bursal Disease, Newcastle Disease or Infectious Bronchitis)
- 11. FLOCK APPLICATION • Aerosol: • minimum spraying time 3-4 minutes, • do not open the house for 15 minutes. Infectious Bronchitis vaccine, Newcastle Disease vaccine, and Laryngotracheitis vaccine.
- 12. Cont. • Water Administration: • withhold water (one hour in hot weather, or longer in cold weather) • vaccine in cold water • provide enough water space • Add 0.1% powdered skim milk as stabilizer • All vaccine should be consumed within 45 minutes
- 13. DISEASED POULTRY FLOCKS • In Feed: • used in preventive or long-term medication. • Requires no additional work at the farm
- 14. Cont. • In Drinking Water: • prompt absorption and convenient to use. • Birds may continue to drink when sick and “off feed”
- 15. Cont. • Topical Spray or Dust: (for Ectoparasites)
- 16. Cont. • Egg Dipping: • done at the hatchery under controlled conditions. • Usually results in reduced hatchability or fertility • (e.g. antibiotics to control egg transmissible diseases such as mycoplasma).