The document summarizes findings from a retrospective study of tumor-associated venous thromboembolism (TA-VTE). The study found cancer cells present in thrombi either directly invading or in small clusters. Cancer cells in thrombi frequently expressed tissue factor (TF) or podoplanin, with necrosis and platelet aggregation. The frequency of TF-positive macrophages was higher in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism than venous thromboembolism without cancer. Neutrophil extracellular traps in thrombi related to the early thrombus-organizing process regardless of cancer status.

2. Gi, 2023
Vascular Biology
University of Miyazaki

3. Vascular Biology
HIGHLIGHTS
- Autopsy cases (a retrospective study) of tumor-associated venous thromboembolism
(TA-VTE) showed the presence of cancer cells in thrombi with a direct invasive or small cluster
pattern;
- Cancer cells in thrombi frequently showed immunohistochemical expression of Tissue Factor (TF)
or podoplanin (PDPN) and necrosis with platelet (GP IIb/IIIa) aggregation and fibrin formation.
- The frequency of tissue factor-positive monocyte / macrophages in thrombi was higher in
cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (TE) than in venous TE without cancer.
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET) in the thrombi were related to the early phase of the
thrombus-organizing process, regardless of whether patients were in a cancer-bearing state.

4. Steven P. Grover, 2018
Vascular Biology

5. Steven P. Grover, 2018
Vascular Biology

6. Vascular Biology
JL Astarita, 2012

7. Vascular Biology
JL Astarita, 2012

8. Vascular Biology
BACKGROUND
The story of VTE
(HE)
A.Neutrophils C.Endothelial Cells
B.Fibrin+Platelets
D.Fibroblasts and EC matrix F.Macrophage in Hemosiderin
E.Collagen

9. Vascular Biology
The story of VTE
(HE)
A.Neutrophils C.Endothelial Cells
B.Fibrin+Platelets
D.Fibroblasts and EC matrix F.Macrophage in Hemosiderin
E.Collagen
BACKGROUND

10. Vascular Biology
Alveolar Macrophages
TF expression
BACKGROUND

11. Vascular Biology
TF+ Macrophages
BACKGROUND

12. Vascular Biology
TF+ Macrophages
BACKGROUND

13. Vascular Biology
PDPN+ Macrophages
BACKGROUND

14. Vascular Biology
PDPN+ Macrophages
BACKGROUND

15. Vascular Biology
PDPN+ Macrophages
BACKGROUND

16. Vascular Biology
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Major Resources Table

17. Vascular Biology
RESULTS

18. Vascular Biology
RESULTS
Inferior Vena Cava (Pancreas AdK) Pulmonary Arteries (Gastric AdK)

19. Vascular Biology
RESULTS
Deep Venous Thrombosis
(Pancreas AdK)
DVT (Gastric AdK)

20. Vascular Biology
RESULTS
Pulmonary Arteries
(Cutaneous Squamous Cell Ca.)

21. Vascular Biology
RESULTS
LYTIC NEUTROPHILS
Nonlytic Area

22. Vascular Biology
HIGHLIGHTS
- Autopsy cases (a retrospective study) of tumor-associated venous thromboembolism
(TA-VTE) showed the presence of cancer cells in thrombi with a direct invasive or small cluster
pattern;
- Cancer cells in thrombi frequently showed immunohistochemical expression of Tissue Factor (TF)
or podoplanin (PDPN) and necrosis with platelet (GP IIb/IIIa) aggregation and fibrin formation;
- The frequency of tissue factor-positive monocyte / macrophages in thrombi was higher in
cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (TE) than in venous TE without cancer;
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET) in the thrombi were related to the early phase of the
thrombus-organizing process, regardless of whether patients were in a cancer-bearing state.

23. Vascular Biology
FEEDBACK OUTLINE
- Study on cadavers only; a perspective “in vivo” study;
- Use a similar mutual numbers of cases between the two groups (w/ or w/o cancer) in about 30
years as a limit to overcome with a shorter time lapse;
- The use of the expression of TF as a strong predictive positive prognostic factor for DVT and TE
in patients w/ cancer;
- The correlation of the “entrapped” neutrophils in thrombi at the early stages of VTE with the
clinical-radiological-lab conditions of the Patient and the eventual presence of a “stable”/ not
thrombotic plaque (scientific gap) for a timely management of the case.

24. “QUESTIONS?”

25. Thank You
Credits: Unicatt Credits: Miles7one