about to environment and research

1. Basics Concept of
Pharmacoepidemiology
Yusi Anggriani
Anny Victor
Prih Sarnianto

2. Yusi Anggriani
• S3 Social Pharmacy & Administrative, University Sain Malaysia, 2014
• S2 Manajemen & Kebijakan Obat, Fak Kedokteran UGM, 2002
• S1 dan Apoteker Farmasi UGM, 1995-2000
Pengalaman Periode
Dosen Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila 2004- Sekarang
Komite Nasional Penilai Obat Baru Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan 2001-Sekarang
Komite Nasional Informatorium Obat Nasional Indonesia BPOM 2011-Sekarang
Konsultan/Tenaga Ahli/Narasumber berbagai studi terkait akses obat dan kebijakan kefarmasian di Litbangkes,
Kemenkes, HAI, UNDP, WHO
2009-Sekarang
Tim penyusun Pedoman Farmakoekonomi Kementerian Kesehatan RI 2011, 2016 dan 2019
Tim Nasional Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Sekretariat Wakil Presiden, Pokja Kesehatan, Bidang Obat 2014-2016
Dosen Manajemen penggunaan obat, IKM Fak Kedokteran UGM 2003-2004
Apoteker pengelola Apotek di Yogya 2003-2004
Staff peneliti Pusat Studi dan Kebijakan Obat UGM 2001-2003

3. Objectives
• Define pharmacoepidemiology
• Understand the relationship of
pharmacoepidemiology to other disciplines
• Understand types of Pharmacoepidemiology
studies
• Understand the importance and clinical
relevancy of pharmacoepidemiology

4. Pharmacoepidemiology- What is it?
• Pharmacology is the study of the effect of
drugs
• Epidemiology can be defined as the study of
the distribution and determinants of diseases in
populations
• Clinical Pharmacology is the study of effect
of drugs in humans.
 Part of the task of clinical pharmacology is
to provide a risk benefit assessment for the
effect of drugs in patients.

5. Pharmacoepidemiology- What is it?
Doing the studies needed to provide:
 an estimate of the probability of beneficial
effects in populations
 the probability of adverse effects in populations
 other parameters relating to drug use
Pharmacoepidemiology then can also be defined
as the application of epidemiological
methods to pharmacological issues

6. Pharmacoepidemiology- What is it?
• Pharmacoepidemiology may be defined as
the study of the utilization and effects of drugs in
large numbers of people.
• Pharmacoepidemiology borrows from both
pharmacology and epidemiology.
• Pharmacoepidemiology can be called a bridge
science spanning both pharmacology and
epidemiology.

7. Pharmacoepidemiology in Practice
1. The basics idea of pharmacoepidemiology is: to
measure the source, diffusion, use, and effects
of drugs in a population
2. To determined the frequency and distributions
of drug used outcomes in that population

8. The focus of the types of
pharmacoepidemiology research:
1. What is being used (an assessment of specific
drugs being used in certain situations)
2. How it is being used (an assessment of patterns
of use, including how much, where, when, by
whom)
3. Why it is being used (an assessment of the
reasons for drug-taking behaviors)

9. Pharmacoepidemiology in Practice
• The World Health Organization focuses it
pharmacoepidemiological efforts on ensuring :
 The quality, safety, efficacy of drugs
 Drugs used in specific populations

10. Pharmacoepidemiology in Practice
The organization’s of pharmacoepidemiological
studies are performed to:
1. Describe current patters of drug used in specific
populations.
2. Determined changed in drug used over time
3. Measure the effect of information, education,
promotional activities, media accounts, and prices
of drug use
4. Detect inappropriate drug use and associated
problems
5. Estimate drug needs in terms of disease pattern
6. Plan the selection, supply, and distribution of drugs

11. Problem Solving with
Pharmacoepidemiology
Medical drug use
 Beneficial effect of drug therapy
 Risk (AEs, side effects) of drug therapy
 Inappropriate prescribing behaviors
 Patient noncompliance
 Irrational self medication practices
 Poor drug use outcomes
Non medical drug use

12. Source of Data on Drug Use
Institutional record systems and databases
Drug utilization studies
Hospital-based medical audits (in Patiens)
Systemwide databased
Institutionally based reviews (outpatient)
Health insurance groups and third-party payers
Pharmaceutical organization
National databases
Government sponsored studies
Essential drug list and inventory data
Field data
records of drug dispensers, sellers, and distributors
Drug-taking behaviors of individuals and small groups
Experimental data
Clinical trial results

13. Rifampicin capsules, single dose 450 mg
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20
25
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5
3
4
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5
6
7
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5
9
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5
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2
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5
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8
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5
2
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2
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5
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A (local
B (local)
C (local)
D (multinational)
E (multinational)
Plasma RMP concentration (mcg/ml)
Time (hours)
Suryawati, 1992

14. Compliance with clinical guidelines over
time by region
11/3/2022
2

16. Hasil Evaluasi Pola Peresepan AB
NO Tempat Tahun % peresepan
AB
1 Puskesmas Jakarta Barat 2005 59,6
2 Puskesmas Jakarta Selatan 2005 53,1
3 Puskesmas Jakarta Timur 2007 53,9
4 Puskesmas Jakarta Pusat 2008 50,9
5 Puskesmas kota depok 2005 58,4
6 Apotek kota depok 2005 25,2
16
Evaluasi Pola Peresepan
ParametermenggunakanPrescribingindicatorsforRationalUseofMedicines
dariWHO.