Satellite based near-real time information services for aquatic systems

1. Satellite based near-real time information services for aquatic
systems, supporting forecasting and decising making processes
Dr. Thomas Heege
CEO
EOMAP GmbH & Co.KG
Germany | Singapore | USA
www.eomap.com

2. Content
EO contribution to monitoring and modelling of aquatic systems:
.. filling data gaps ..
Methodology
Capability, validity, consistency, independent or calibration needed?
Processing and provision
Access, fast provision, costs, service level ?
Use cases, applicability for forecasting
Fit for purpose ?

3. EO Services for Aquatic Systems
 Sea state monitoring, wind, internal waves
 Water coverage, inundation, water level
 Water Quality Monitoring
 Shallow Water Bathymetry
 Internal waves
 Oil-detection, alerts
 Obstruction and vessel detection
 Environmental habitat mapping

4. Capabilities
Methodology

5. WorldView-2,3
RapidEye,
Pleiades,
SPOT…
Landsat 5, 7 & 8
Sentinel 2 a/b
Temporal resolution
Spatial
resolution
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
2 m 30 m 300 m
(© satellite images ESA, NASA, satimagingcorp, RapidEye © Blackbridge, Landsat 8 USGS, MODIS NASA)
Sentinel 3,
MODIS Aqua & Terra
MERIS†2012
Capabilities: Spatial and temporal resolution

6. Methodology: Satellite derived Water Quality
© Süddeutsche Zeitung
Water Color determined by absorption and scattering

7. Physical basics of water quality monitoring
Image courtesy of the Centre for Spatial Environmental Research, University of Queensland
1
2
3
Services
1 = Bathymetry
2 = Seafloor habitats
3 = Water Quality
Corrections applied
a = atmospheric cor.
b = water body cor.
c = adjacency cor.
a
b
c

8. Spatial resolution
in meters
Temporal resolution
Records per month *
Products Applicable optical
satellite sensors
Medium resolution:
300 – 500m
15 - 60 / month
Total Suspended matter (TSM),
Turbidity (TUR), Secchi Depth
(SDD), Chlorophyll (CHL), Colored
Dissolved Organic Matter (Y), Sum
of organic Absorption (SOA), Total
Absorption (ABS), Water Cover
(WC)…
Sentinel 3**
MODIS Aqua & Terra
MERIS †2012
High resolution
10 – 30m
6 - 10 / month
TSM, TUR, SDD, ABS, SOA,
CHM, WC,
Bathymetry, Seafloor, …
Sentinel 2
Landsat 5, 7 & 8, …
Very high resolution
2 – 5m
1 - 4 / month
TSM, TUR, SDD, ABS, SOA,WC
Bathymetry, Seafloor, …
WorldView 2 & 3
RapidEye 1-5
Kompsat 3, IKONOS,
…
(©) ESA, NASA
* for cloud free conditions. Temporal resolution depends on number of satellites integrated into the service
** upcoming satellites
Independent, consistent parameters over various satellites?

9. Water color: Defined by Scattering and Absorption spectra
300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
CHLabsorption*0,75[m^-1]
wavelength [nm]
Chlorophyll-a
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
0,126
0,127
0,128
0,129
0,130
0,131
0,132
0,133
0,134
0,135
0,136
TSMabsorption[m^-1]
Wavelength [nm]
Total suspende matter/TUR

10. Chlorophyll-a Lake Zurich, Switzerland: Seasonal trends
Time Series MERIS 300m, Landsat 7, Station SZHTH 2006-2011
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
10
20
30
in situ 2.5m in situ 10m MERIS Landsat 7 ETM+
Chlorophyll-a
Chl-a[µg/l]
Lake Zurich - SZHTH - Timeseries 2006-2011
Satellite data: processing MIP © EOMAP, source data: USGS for Landsat 7ETM+, ESA for MERIS
In situ data © Wasserversorgung Zürich 2012 provided in context of FRESHMON project

11. Validation Lake Little Harris, Florida/US
Secchi Depth
Diploma thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
-1,5
-1,0
-0,5
0,0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
in situ Landsat 7 ETM+ Landsat 8 OLI
Validation Lake Little Harris
In situ secchi depth (Station ID: 44677) vs. satellite derived secchi depth
Secchidepth[m]

12. Validation Lake Little Harris, Florida/US
Turbidity
Diploma thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
in situ Landsat 7 Landsat 8 OLI
Validation Lake Little Harris
In situ turbidity (Station ID: 44677) vs. satellite derived turbidity
TUR[NTU]

13. Validation Lake Little Harris, Florida/US
Chlorophyll
Diploma thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0
20
40
60
80
100
Validation Lake Little Harris)
In situ chl-a (Station ID: 44677) vs. satellite derived chl-a
in situ Landsat 7 ETM+ Landsat 8 OLI
Chl-a[µg/l]

14. Validation Lake Beaclair, Florida/US
Chlorophyll
Diploma thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
in situ Landsat 7 ETM+
Validation Lake Beauclair
In situ chl-a (Station ID: 45143) vs. satellite derived chl-a
Chl-a[µg/l]

15. Validation Chlorophyll a:
Time consistency +/- 3 days
Master thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
[06.10.2015 09:12 "/Graph2" (2457301)]
Lineare Regression für Data10_lschlaAlle:
Y = A + B * X
Parameter Wert Fehler
------------------------------------------------------------
A 11,94843 1,93997
B 0,92872 0,02828
------------------------------------------------------------
R SD N P
------------------------------------------------------------
0,88007 20,59538 316 <0.0001
------------------------------------------------------------
Oligotrophic lake
Näsijärvi
Mesotrophic lakes
Vesijärvi
Peipsi
Eutrophic lakes
Littel Harris
Monroe
Altmühlsee
Hypereutrophic lakes
Apopka
Beauclair
Dora
Satellitechl-a
In situ chl-a
R^2 = 0.77
SD = 20.60
p = <0.0001
N = 316
More validation:
http://www.eomap.com/services/water-quality/
http://www.eomap.com/services/bathymetry/

16. Validation: Turbidity, Suspended Matter
Master thesis Ameli Broszeit, Univ. Würzburg
InsituTSM
In situ TSM [mg/l]
Januar
Februar
M
ärz
April
M
ai
Juni
Juli
AugustSeptem
ber
O
ktoberNovem
berDezem
ber
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
MERIS/Landsat7TUR
Satellite TUR [NTU]
Januar
Februar
M
ärz
April
M
ai
Juni
Juli
AugustSeptem
ber
O
ktoberNovem
berDezem
ber
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
InsituTSM
Januar
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
InsituTSM
In situ TSM [mg/l] for the years 2003 to 2011
Januar
Februar
M
ärz
A
pril
M
ai
Juni
Juli
A
ugustS
eptem
berO
ktoberN
ovem
berD
ezem
ber
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
MERIS/Landsat7TUR
Satellite turbidity [NTU] for the years 2003 to 2011
Janua
r
F
ebruar
M
ärz
A
pril
M
ai
Juni
Juli
A
ugustS
eptem
berO
kto
berN
o
vem
be
rD
e
zem
be
r
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
InsituTSM
Figure: Seasonal variation plot for a) in situ TSM and b) satellite UR for Lake Constance.

17. Consistent and sensor independent

18. Processing and provision

19. EOMAP production infrastructure
Receiving station with EOMAP processors
Post-processing
Product archive
NASA - Visible Earth

20. Turning capabilities to global services:
Harmonized, industrial production
Value adding
processors
Quality control
Aggregation
Storage
Application
Integration
© DLR
Ground
stations
Satellite
sensors
Dissemination
Web Access
© ESA, NASA
 Key component: Physics based data processing
to ensure harmonized, independent and valid services

21. Access to information: e.g. web applications
http://eoapp.eomap.com
http://eoapp-us.eomap.com

22. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

23. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

24. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

25. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

26. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

27. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

28. Access and data analysis: Web application eoApp
e.g. http://eoapp.eomap.com/

29. Case studies

30. Client: Deltares
Challenge: Insufficient surveyed areas
Up-to-date bathymetric data, costs, time pressure to access data
Solution and benefits:
o Satellite derived bathymetry, 15 / 30m resolution class
o Costs-effective, fast (produced & delivered within 24 hours)
 Mostly independent on in situ measures
 Various temporal and spatial resolution
Use Case: Bathymetry for hydrodynamic modelling
Supporting Mauritius Early-Warning System for incoming tide and storm surge
Acknowledgement: Deltares, Dr. J. de Lima Rego
https://www.deltares.nl/en/news/cyclone-storm-surge-forecasts-for-mauritius/

31. - 0.1
- 0.2
- 0.5
- 1
- 2
- 5
- 10
- 20
Water depth [m]
Deepwater and
turbid water mask
P1 P1
P2
P2
P3
P3
Padang, April 12, 2005
IKONOS satellite
MIP processing
Use Case: Bathymetry for hydrodynamic modelling
Supporting Indonesia Early-Warning System GITEWS

32. Solution and benefits:
o Physics based processing of a huge areas
o Rapid and cost-effective
 For planning, modelling, charting
Use Case: Supporing base-maps
1985
2011

33. Off-the-shelf bathymetry data
E.g. Great-Barrier Reef: First high-resolution map of the entire reef; Middle East, Chinese Sea

34. Client: Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute (BAW)
Challenge: Understanding transport processes of suspended sediments in waterways
to reduce river engineering expenses such as dredging (100 M€/Y for Elbe).
Solution and benefits:
o Monitoring of area-wide suspended matter using multiple satellite sensors
 Harmonized, consistent measures in space and time through EOMAP technology
 Fast delivery, independent on in situ measures, cost-effective
Use Case: Sediment mapping for waterway engineering in rivers
Time series monitoring river Elbe, Ems, Weser 2010 – 2012, 2014
For further information please contact info@eomap.com
“Measurements in combination with 3D hydro-dynamic modelling are a key to understanding the
processes and optimising engineering works. The area-wide remote sensing products of suspended
matter .. give very valuable synoptic measurements of suspended matter surface concentrations.”
Dr. N. Winkel, Head of Section K3, BAW Hamburg
11:30 11:40 13:209:55 UTC
27.June’10

35. Client: Woodside Energy / Australia
Challenge: Regulatory requirement of dredge monitoring for pipeline trenching
Regular, area-wide environmental impact assessment of turbidity
Solution and benefits:
o Regular turbidity monitoring using daily multi-satellite-sensor records
o Robust and consistent measures and maps through EOMAP service
 Fast delivery, no HSE risks, independent on in situ measures
 Cost savings: 1 000 000 AUD
Use Case: Dredge plume monitoring for offshore industries
Continuous monitoring 2007 – 2010 at Mermaid Sound, North-West Australia
http://earth.eo.esa.int/workshops/gasoil2010/Hausknecht.pdf
www.eomap.com/OWIKI-MonitoringDredgingPlumesandWaterQuality-180811-0823-14-2.pdf

36. Client: National Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research – ISPRA
Challenge: Evaluation of the environmental impact of a gas power plant
build next to the river Po in Italy
Solution and benefits:
o Long-term suspended matter, chlorophyll-a, organic absorption monitoring using daily
and weekly multi-satellite-sensor records (2012-2014)
o Robust and consistent measures and maps
 independent on in situ measures
 High temporal and spatial resolution
Use Case: Environmental Impact Monitoring

37. 2009-01-09 2009-02-10 2009-11-09 2009-11-25
Location of Xiaowan Dam
Mekong: transnational river system
 Requirement on harmonized long-term monitoring of International river
commissions governmental authorities, insurers
x
closure of Xiaowan Dam
Use cases: Dam Monitoring

38. Applications
• River and estuary management
 Sediment transport forecasting
• Water quality monitoring for regional/governmental authorities
 Water quality status and forecasting
 Algae bloom monitoring
• Dam monitoring
 Impact Assessment and change monitoring
• Dredge monitoring
 Impact Assessment,
• Floods, Tsunami, Storms
 Data contribution for forecasting systems
• Further: Aquaculture and fishery
Desalination plants,
Regional information systems…

39. Actual and historic status information for lakes, rivers and coastal zones
Impact monitoring and forecasting services for agencies, water industry and science applications
Various water properties: turbidity, suspended matter, chlorophyll, harmfully blooms, coverage, ..
Harmonized and consistent measures, independent and reproducible
Easy access through online portal and applications, for worldwide waters bodies
Operational, validated processing technology
Integration of various satellite resources to deliver the best spatial-temporal resolution
Summary
Satellite based solutions for inland waters
Applications and benefits
Specifications

40. Mapping what is, understanding what was, forecasting what will be
Integrated solutions
Integrated multi-sensor mapping solutions with worldwide satellite data
providers, EUSI, IPP Digitalglobe, Sentinel Ground Segments
Integrated survey solutions with in-situ and survey partners, e.g. FUGRO
Integrated geo-information system solutions and NRT online access:
eoApp services, Cloudeo market, ArcGIS online solutions with partner ESRI
Integrated modelling & forecasting solutions
Modelling
Fore-Hind
casting

41. Questions?
Please contact us:
Thomas Heege, heege@eomap.de
EOMAP GmbH & Co.KG
Schlosshof 4, 82229 Seefeld, Germany
info@eomap.com, +49 (0)8152 9986 110

42. o Founded in 2006 as Spin-Off from the DLR with HQ close to Munich, DE
o Since 2014 offices in Singapore, India, USA and representatives for Australia.
o Core services are mapping and monitoring of inland, coastal and marine
environments
o Algorithms and workflows to process satellite imagery have been developed for
more than 20 years and proofed in various commercial and R&D projects.
About EOMAP
Headquarter and team in Castle Seefeld
(30min distance to Munich)

43. Bathymetry from space: Product fusion optic/radar
Synergethic water depth product using QuickBird and TerraSAR-X data

44. SAR satellite based retrieval of water depth
© S. Lehner, A. Pleskachevsky, DLR

45. Client: Environmental State Agency Baden-Würtenberg LuBW
Challenge: Directive monitoring of the water quality status of lakes within a state is expensive.
Actual yearly status information for hundreds of lakes are not possible using just
traditional in-situ measurements.
Solution and benefits:
o Regular monitoring of water quality parameters using weekly satellite records
 Harmonized, consistent measures in space and time through EOMAP technology
 Detection of changes, historical review monitoring, independent on in situ measures
 Easy access to information through online web applications: http://eoapp.eomap.com
Use Case: Water quality monitoring for state agencies
Water Quality Monitoring for lakes in LuBW, 2015
For further information please see http://eoapp.eomap.com or contact info@eomap.com

46. COASTAL MAPPING
INFRASTRUCTURE MAPPING
Products and Services
Bathymetry mapping
Seafloor and obstructions
Water quality monitoring
Infrastructure mapping
Sea state, internal waves
BATHYMETRY SURVEY
WATER MONITORING
SEAFLOOR MAPPING
IMPACT MONITORING
EOMAP satellite based monitoring services
Setting new standards in geospatial services
www.eomap.com

47. WATER INDUSTRIES
INFRASTRUCTURE MAPPING
Application areas
Coastal and aquatic mapping
Alert & protection systems
Environmental monitoring
Offshore exploration
Survey optimization
Flood management
Global intelligence
OFFSHORE EXPLORATION
FRESHWATER MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
IMPACT MONITORING
Applications for satellite based monitoring
Setting new standards in geospatial services
www.eomap.com

48. Client: Amec Foster Wheeler (engineering consultancy)
Challenge: Lake Water Quality Monitoring
Solution and benefits:
One year water quality monitoring combined with field campaigns
Fast delivery and reporting
 30m spatial resolution
 Cost-effective solution
Use Case: Environmental Impact Monitoring