Enhancement Ecosystem: Enriching content with user tags and annotations

www.designforcontext.com
Duane Degler @ddegler
Thomas Vander Wal
@infocloud
Enhancement Ecosystems:
Enriching Structured Content
with User Tagging and Annotation
SEMTECH BIZ 2013
2nd October 2013, New York

Enhancement Ecosystems: Enriching Structured Content | SemTechBiz East | October 2, 2013 | © Degler, Vander Wal2
Add structure
Goal: Content Enhancement
Nulla nunc velit, suscipit iaculis dictum
Fringilla egestas ante. Integer sit amet rhoncus orci. Phasellus egestas
at dolor pretium rutrum. Morbi at ultrices tortor. Donec vehicula
convallis enim a interdum. Nunc sed aliquet risus.
Integer tempus orci sed dui euismod tristique. Etiam sit amet lectus
non neque porttitor consectetur sit amet ut mauris. Proin sit amet est
at justo auctor dapibus. Phasellus non neque blandit, volutpat nunc
at, tempus lorem. Pellentesque ac consequat nibh.
Phasellus egestas semper massa, eu placerat nisl ultrices eu. Nulla et
posuere mauris, at viverra nunc. Nam porttitor laoreet arcu, id
tempor libero egestas euismod. Nulla in diam nisl. Phasellus
elementum turpis ac ipsum dignissim, at porttitor leo semper. Duis
sollicitudin velit eu dolor placerat rhoncus. Ut ut turpis nec nibh
ultricies aliquet eget ac arcu. Praesent dapibus rhoncus accumsan.
Integer laoreet tellus sed turpis interdum congue. Praesent nulla
ipsum, iaculis nec dictum quis, posuere in nulla. Cras nec dui ornare
orci blandit pretium nec consequat tellus. Etiam eu neque odio.
Nunc posuere sem sed orci faucibus aliquet. In sagittis tellus non dui
laoreet, id mattis libero pharetra. Praesent sollicitudin odio a lobortis
pellentesque. Integer ullamcorper dapibus auctor. Pellentesque urna
magna, posuere placerat nibh vitae, feugiat adipiscing mi. Maecenas
euismod, eros eget luctus tempor, eros risus placerat enim, quis
gravida odio nisl id turpis. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit. Nullam a accumsan velit, ac facilisis erat. ctus eu.
Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada
fames ac turpis egestas. Duis non nulla lectus. Morbi mollis convallis.
Nulla nunc velit, suscipit iaculis dictum
Fringilla egestas ante. Integer sit amet
rhoncus orci. Phasellus egestas at dolor
pretium rutrum. Morbi at ultrices tortor.
Donec vehicula convallis enim a interdum.
Nunc sed aliquet risus.
Integer tempus orci sed dui euismod
tristique. Etiam sit amet lectus non neque
porttitor consectetur sit amet ut mauris.
Proin sit amet est at justo auctor dapibus.
Phasellus non neque blandit, volutpat nunc
at, tempus lorem. Pellentesque ac consequat.
Phasellus egestas semper massa, eu placerat
nisl ultrices eu. Nulla et posuere mauris, at
viverra nunc. Nam porttitor laoreet arcu, id
tempor libero egestas euismod. Nulla in
diam nisl. Phasellus elementum turpis ac
ipsum dignissim, at porttitor leo semper.
Duis sollicitudin velit eu dolor placerat
rhoncus. Ut ut turpis nec nibh ultricies aliq
uet eget ac arcu. Praesent dapibus rhoncus
accumsan. Integer laoreet tellus sed turpis
interdum congue. Praesent nulla ipsum,
iaculis nec dictum quis, posuere in nulla.
Cras nec dui ornare orci blandit pretium nec
consequat tellus. Etiam eu neque odio. Nunc posuere sem sed orci
faucibus aliquet. In sagittis tellus non dui laoreet, id mattis.
Metadata
Issue: 7 (10)
Author: A. Maecenas
Author: G. Euismod
Date: 10.2.2013
Word Ct: 3,187
Keywords: faucibus,
aliquet, sagittis, tellus
Related Content
• Integer ullamcorper
dapibus auctor
• Pellentesque urna
magna
• Posuere placerat
• Vitae, feugiat
adipiscing
• Euismod, eros eget
luctus te
Tags
• ullamcorper
• dapibus auctor
• urna magna
• placerat
LD
Linked Data
TA
Text Analytics
IA
Information Architecture
UX
User Experience
KM
Knowledge Management
ES
Enterprise Social

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Review &
Assess
Use
Crawl Track
Annotate
LinkTag
Collaborate
Enhance &
Validate

Enhancement Ecosystem
Source Material
Extract & Index

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Considerations for automated processing
Automated tools have
“editorial perspective”
 What something is about
 What is explicit, rather than
implied
But more challenging . . .
 What is inherent, even if not
made explicit?
 What is the external focus?
Context of use?

Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Taxonomy enhancement
 Must update and evolve
to remain relevant
• Should be a continual process,
not “big bang” every few years
 Embracing evolution lowers costs
• Improvement cost
• Misalignment cost
 Formalize the evolution, don’t just
react to drift
Considerations for taxonomies

Enhance & Validate

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Successful adoption…
 Keep it simple.
 It is easier for users to recognize
a term and validate its relevance
than it is to recall a term that
aligns with user expectations.
 In the ecosystem, this step is
iterative for continuous
improvement.
Author / Editor / SME

Enhancement support during writing and reviewing
Structured and
unstructured sources
proactively provided
as resources for
authors and editors.

Enhancement support for elaborating contexts
A range of sources.
Recognition is easier
and more consistent
than recall.

Enhancement support for elaborating contexts
Information available
when applying terms
helps users
understand what
terms mean.

Review & Assess

The iteration step!
 Not “one and done.”
 Pattern-finding based on what
matters to users.
 Assess value:
• Relevance
• Quantity
• Significance
• Quirkiness
Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Owner’s iterative review & assessment
Review &
Assess

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Crawl Track
Annotate
Link
Collaborate
Tag
Enlisting our users

Crawl & Track

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Crawl Track
Surfacing how and
where used
 Formal & informal
references to content
 Identifying where
something is cited
provides:
• Context
• Perceived value
from user
• Surrounding terms

Tasks produce path patterns, uncovered by analytics
1 2 3 4 5
Yellow brick road
(set path)
A
G
D
SN
8
Family Circus
(wandering)
1b
1c
1d
Spelunking
(deep dive)
Window
shopping (look-
leave-look)
!
Serendipitous
(‘aha’ discovery)

Annotate, Tag & Link

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Annotate
LinkTag
Tags & Folksonomy
 Discover vocabulary
 Valid personal perception
 Emergent terms
 Gap identification

Folksonomy tagging triad
Definition
Interest
Identity
Metadata
Object
Vocabulary

Dual folksonomy triad
TerminologyCommunity
Culture
Definition
Interest
Identity
Metadata
Object
Vocabulary

Taxonomy < > Folksonomy ?
Taxonomy Folksonomy
Structure
Efficiency
Solid foundation
Messy
Difficult findability
Slow to emerge
Resource intensive
Not emergent
Difficult to validate
Relatively inexpensive
Emergent by nature
Continual validation

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Annotate
LinkTag
Interpreting linked content
 Context and conceptual patterns
 See things in the aggregate
 Surface conceptual distance, not
semantic distance

One NY Times article gets different
URLs in Twitter.
The application aggregates them and
captures surrounding text for analysis.

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Annotate
LinkTag
Users’ context-setting
 With Location
 With tool / service
 Direct link to concept within an
object
 Can apply structure to enhance:
• Hypothesis
• Noting Structure
• Interpretation (strong)

The increase in OA-related musculoskeletal pain especially in
the growing elderly population has created heightened interest
in effective treatments with better safety profiles. The
Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) was
designed to examine the effects of the dietary supplements
glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate given alone or in
combination as compared to celeecox or placebo on pain
associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. The primary
symptomatic outcome assessment of the GAIT study was after
24 weeks of randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled
therapy.[6] An ancillary structural study describing the effects of
the agents on radiographic joint space width loss for up to two
years has also recently been reported.[7] To date, very few data
have been reported for the long-term treatment of OA with any
agent including the supplements and celecoxib studied here.
Patients in the structural study continued to have safety and
clinical efficacy assessments at all scheduled visits. This paper
details the clinical efficacy and safety experience with these
agents alone and in combination along with celecoxib as
compared to placebo in patients from this subset of GAIT over
24 months of follow-up.
chondroitin sulfate
celecoxib
radiographic joint space
Add note, action
Search on this now
Tag forTag for search
Add case note
“Smart” notes for knowledge workers
Capture knowledge
of important terms
Tag for Search
“Radiographic joint space”
 Just capture the keyword
 Mark as a target term
 Mark as a general concept
Associate with existing concept:
Measurement
Search notes:
Add term cancel
Capture hypotheses
and elaborations
Add case note
Paragraph 45
“…radiographic joint space…”
 Case note  Private note
Associate with:
 Hypothesis ☐ Evidence
☐ Concept in case documents
Other cases (cross-reference):
Save note cancel

Collaborate

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Collaborate
Data from collaborations
 Richer resource, as used more
often with more complete
thoughts captured
 Easy to use
 Larger narrative
 But:
• Hard to algorithmically harvest
• Not as precise

Manage
Legacy
content
Taxonomy
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
• ------
Extract
& Index
Enhance &
Validate
Review &
Assess
Use
Crawl Track
Annotate
Link
Collaborate
Tag
Enhancement Ecosystem:
Iterative, Relevant, User-Centered

Enhancement Ecosystem: Enriching content with user tags and annotations

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