Nutritional infertility due to energy and protein.

2. What is infertility ?
• Failure to produce offspring
• Degree of reduced fertility which results in failure to
produce or delay in producing the annual live
offspring
FERTILITY STERILITY
INFERTILITY

3. • In female due to - Failure to oestrous cycle and
conceive, prenatal and postnatal death of conceptus.
• In male due to – disturbance of production,
transportation, storage of spermatozoa. Aberration
of libido and partial inability to mate.
• Major infertility problems have complex aetiology
and several factors.

5. Nutritional infertility
• Nutrition plays a major role on enhancing
reproductive efficiency.
• Nearly 70% of breeding problems arise due to
improper management and nutritional deficiency.
• Animal need optimal amount of energy, protein,
minerals, vitamins and water for optimal lactation,
growth and reproduction.

6. • Imbalance or deficiency of any above nutrient may
leads to adverse effects on reproductive performance
called as a nutritional infertility.
• Chronic imbalance → slow growth rate → loss of
body weight → infertility → emaciation →die

7. Nutritional factor affecting reproduction
• Energy
• Protein
• Fat
• Minerals
• Vitamins

8. Role of energy and protein in
animal reproduction
• Carbohydrates and proteins provide
substrates for rumen fermentation
which results in production of VFAs.
Animal utilize this VFAs as their main
source of energy for maintenance,
milk production and reproduction

9. Energy
ENERGY DEFICIENCY LEADS
• In heifer – delayed onset of puberty, inactive ovaries.
• In cow – inactive ovaries, lowered conception rate,
reduced progesterone by CL, effect on days open.
• In male – effect on normal libido, metting,
ejaculation and sperm concentration.

10. Negative energy balance
• In high producing cow during early lactation is the
major nutritional link to low fertility.
• Cows are known to be NEB during early lactation as
they are not able to consume enough feed to meet
the increased nutrient requirements of elevated milk
production.
• Peripaturient dairy cows is major effect by NEB.

12. Protein
• Protein source provided specific amino acid that
animal need for milk synthesis, and for body
maintanence.
• 17% to 19% dietary CP on DM basis s/b provided to
lactating cow.

13. Protein deficiency
• Low feed intake in early lactation reduce microbial
protein synthesis that limiting supply of a.a. for
optimal production.
• Heifer sow delayed puberty
• Adequate protein is necessary for normal
development of the foetus and proper functioning of
reproductive organ.

14. Higher protein diet
• Increase RDP → high urea level in body tissue and
blood →increase pH in blood → effect maturation of
ocyst → delay in ovulation → lower conception rate
→ longer calving interval →reduced reproduction
efficiency.

15. Why excess protein require external
energy to remove it from body ?

17. Management of
infertility
• Infertility cause economic losses to the farmers due
to delay in maturity & farmer also incurs losses by
maintaining an unproductive animal.
• Nutritional management has a key role to play in
achieving fertility targets.
• Special attention should be paid with regards to
energy, protein, micronutrients & vitamins prior two
months of clawing.

18. • Pasture grazing
• Compound feed stuff
• TMR
• Hay and silage
• By pass protein
• Combination of concentrate & roughage
1/3 concentrate
2/3 roughage
- 1/3 green fodder
- 2/3 dry fodder

19. • Don`t use immature or over mature pasture & crop
because it`s have low carbohydrate.
→ so, use crop before flowering stage.
• Conform feed which are free from microbial
contamination, chemical and toxic principal.
• Therefore improving nutrition aspect in fertility
management is first choice rather than treatment.

20. • Nutrition and metabolic infertility in the cow
– by McClure T.J.
• AI and treatment of infertility in dairy animal
– by Suresh Honnappagol & M.K.Tandale
• Arthurs veterinary reproduction and obstetrics
• Vet obstetrics And genital diseases – by Stephen J
Roborts
• Advanced animal nutrition – By Reddy
• Research articles
• Internet source
Reference

21. “I love you, but with my high cholesterol and your
high triglycerides we could never have children ”