2. retinol, retinal, retinoic acid
two form retinal and β-carotin
deficiency cause- night blindness, dry skin
source- liver, egg
rods and cons are vitamin A dependent
3. Ascorbic acid
Oxidation- reduction reaction
collagen formation
bone formation
help in iron absorption in stomach
tryptophan metabolism, Folic acid metabolism
help in synthesis of corticosteroid hormone
It has immunological function
deficiency- Scurvy, loose teeth
Source- Amla, limon, Gerrn vigitable
4. two types- 1) Argostrol, 2) 7-dehydroxycholestrol
7-dehydrocholestrol cholecalciferol
cholecalciferol vitamin D
Increase intestinal absorption of calcium & phosphate
minarilization of bone
deficiency- rickets
source- fatty fish, fish liver
5. normal name- tocopherol
natural antioxident
essential for reproduction
anti sterility vitamin
Necessary for membrane structure
proper storage of creatinine in muscle
Absorbe in small intestine along with fat
deficiency- Sterility, degenerative change in muscle
Source- vegetable oil, cotton seed oil, meat
6. It has coenzyme function & Fat soluble vitamin
required for production of blood clotting factor
3 from of Vitamin K phyloquinanne, menaquinane,
menadiane
The Factor 2,7,9 and 10 are synthesis in liver in the
help of vitamin K
7. General name- Thiamin
thiamin is a cofactor in dehydrogenises reaction
(removing Co2 and add CoA)
conversion of pyruvate to (lactate , Acetyle Coa etc).
Thiamin is necessary
deficiancy- beri beri, warnicke-korsakoff syndrome
source- brown rice, wheat, liver, egg etc
8. General name- Riboflavin
absorbed in dudanum
FMN & FAD are co-enzyme in some reaction
deficiancy- glosssitis, dermotitis
Source- milk and milk product
10. general name- panthothanic acid
act as a CoA as acetyle CoA, succnyle CoA
It start TCA cycle, ketogenesis, ketolysis, fatty acid
synthesis
11. general name- pyrodoxine, pyrodoxal, pyrodoxamine
pyrodoxal phosphate presipited the reaction like
transamination and decarboxylation.
PLP convert amino acid to keto acid keto acid get entert
to TCA cycle and produce energy.
deficiency- neurological symptome, depresion mantel
confusion
source- Egg yolk, Fish, milk
12. General name- Biotin
act as a carrear of Co2 in carboxilation reaction
Pyruvate to oxaloacetet is biotin dependent
Necessary in fatty acid synthesis
Acetyl CoA (bi) malonyl CoA
Propional CoA (bi) methylmalonyl CoA
deficiancy- glositis, dermotitis, anaemia
source- liver, milk, tomato
13. general name- Folic acid (folate)
first conjugate in dudenum & absorbed
It involve in one carbon metabolism
coenzyme is tetrahydrofolate(THF)
deficiancy- impaired DNA synthesis and macrocytic
RBC
source- green vegetable, Liver, meat etc
14. general name- cobalamin, cynacobalamin,
methylcobalamin
first it bind with intrensic factor in stomach then
absorbed
vitamin B12 and folic acid together make metel group
Required in DNA synthesis
deficiancy- megaloblastic anaemia, low Hb, MCV is
increase.