Fundamentals of kinesiology I Dr X Fix
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Kinesiology, Biomechanics, movement Joints, Muscles, Bones, Musculoskeletal system, Skeletal system, Muscles system, Fundamentals of kinesiology, reference positions, anatomical position, upper limb joint, lower limb joint, nerves system, joint classification, muscle classification, types bone, anatomical directional terminology, Dr x fix, Ahmed sewilam
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Fundamentals of kinesiology I Dr X Fix
- 2. AhmedSewilamPh.D. AssistantProfessorofKinesiology atDamiettaUniversity • Lecturer • Biomechanics&AthletePerformanceAnalyst • FitnessSupervisor 01021210506 Contact Us: Dr X Fix
- 3. •Kinesiology: Kinesiology Vs Biomechanics: •Biomechanics: - Definition: study of motion or human movement. - Origins: Greek Word – Kinesis “to move” and ology “to study”. - Definition: application of mechanical physics to human motion - Origins: Greek Word – Bio "life" and mechanics “to refer to the study of the mechanical principles”. 1
- 4. • coaches, personal trainers, physical educators, physical therapists, athletic trainers, massage therapists & others in health- related fields. Who needsKinesiology ?
- 5. • We study kinesiology to improve performance by learning how to analyze the movements of the human body and to discover their underlying principles. Why Kinesiology? • It should enable them to help their students or clients perform with optimum Safety, Effectiveness, and Efficiency (SEE).
- 6. • basis from which to describe joint movements Referencepositions:2 Fundamental position Anatomical position Anatomical position:
- 7. AnatomicalDirectional Terminology: ▪ Midline ▪ Medial ▪ Lateral ▪ Anterior ▪ Posterior ▪ Superior ▪ Inferior ▪ Superficial ▪ Deep ▪ Proximal ▪ Distal • Segments of the Body: AnatomicalDirectional Terminology:
- 8. Musculoskeletal System:3 • The Human Movement System: o Passive Subsystem (Bones, Joints) o Active Subsystem (Muscles) o Neural Subsystem (Nerves) Musculoskeletal System:
- 9. Skeletal System: • These bones are arranged into two major divisions: o Axial Skeleton - Skull - Rib cage - Vertebral Column o Appendicular Skeleton - Upper limb - Lower Limb Types of Bones:
- 10. • Articulation - connection of bones at a joint usually to allow movement between surfaces of bones. Joints: Joints: Classification of Joints Structural What joints are made of? Functional What joints do? Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial Immovable Slightly movable Freely movable Skull or Pelvis Rip cage Shoulder or Hip
- 11. Synovial Joint Classification : Hinge Pivot Ball&Socket Ellipsoid PlaneSaddle
- 12. Movementsin joints: Movementsin joints: • General Movements 1) Flexion 2) Extension 3) Abduction 4) Adduction 5) Rotation 6) circumduction 7) Supination 8) Pronation
- 13. Upper limb joints: 1. ShoulderGirdle: • Elevation • Depression • Protraction • Retraction • Upwardrotation • Downwardrotation Upper limb joints:
- 14. Upper limb joints: • MedialRotation • Lateral Rotation • HorizontalAbduction • HorizontalAdduction 2. ShoulderJoint: • Flexion • Extension • Abduction • Adduction
- 15. 3. ElbowJoint: • Flexion • Extension Upper limb joints: 4. RadioulnarJoint(Forearm): • Pronation • Supination Upper limb joints:
- 16. 5. WristJoint: • Flexion • Extension • UlnarDeviation=Adduction • RadialDeviation=Abduction Upper limb joints: UlnarDeviationRadialDeviation
- 17. 1. HipJoint: • Flexion • Extension • Adduction • Abduction • LateralRotation • MedialRotation Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Lateral Rotation Medial Rotation Lowerlimb joints:
- 18. ExtensionFlexion 2. KneeJoint: • Flexion • Extension Lowerlimb joints:
- 19. Pronation (eversion) Supination (inversion) Plantarflexion Dorsiflexion 3. Ankle Joint: • Dorsiflexion • plantarflexion • inversion • eversion • Adduction • Abduction Lowerlimb joints:
- 20. Muscle: Skeletal CardiacSmooth Skeletal Muscle Shapes: Voluntary Striated Involuntary Striated Involuntary Smooth
- 21. Skeletal Muscles: • Responsible for movement of body and all its joints • Muscle contraction produces force that causes joint movement • Muscles also provide – protection – posture and support – produce a major portion of total body heat Skeletal Muscles: • Muscles are connected to bones using Tendons. • When the Muscles contract, they Pull on the bone they are connected to.
- 22. Types ofmusclecontraction: Muscle Contraction Isometric Isotonic ConcentricEccentric Types ofmusclecontraction:
- 23. MuscleTerminology: MuscleTerminology: ▪ Origin • L H: Supraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula. • S H: Coracoid Process of Scapula. ▪ Insertion • Radial Tuberosity • Biceps Brachii M.:
- 24. MuscleTerminology: • Biceps Brachii M.: ▪ Action: • Flexion Elbow Joint ▪ Nerve Supply: • Musculocutaneous n.
- 25. The nervoussystem: • The nervous system is the master controlling and communicating system of the body. Its cells communicate by electrical and chemical signals, which are rapid and specific, and usually cause almost immediate responses.
- 26. Functionsofthe NervousSystem: • Ex: You are driving and see a red light ahead (sensory input). Your nervous system integrates this information (red light means “stop”), and your foot goes for the brake (motoroutput).